Ukukhula izithombo zotamatisi ekhaya. Indlela yokutshala utamatisi?

Indlela yokuhlwanyela izithombo zotamatisi kwizithombo? Lo mbuzo wabuzwa kubo bonke abagadi balimi abaye banquma ukukhula utamatisi, njengoba bethi, kusukela ekuqaleni. Inqubo ibonakala ilula, kodwa ngaphandle kokwazi izici ezibalulekile, kuyoba nzima ukukhula isivuno esihle samatamatisi.

Le nqubo izodinga ukukhuthazeka nokubekezela, kodwa ngisho nomhlali we-novice ehlobo uzokwazi ukuyiqonda. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuhlaziya yonke inqubo yokutshala ngemininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ngisho oqalayo aqonde konke futhi uzoqonda indlela yokutshala utamatisi.

Izincomo ezijwayelekile zokutshala utamatisi ekhaya

Lapho ukhula izithombo ekhaya ukunquma usuku oluqondile lokuhlwanyela imbewu kubaluleke kakhulu, uma kungenjalo, ngesikhathi utamatisi etshalwe emhlabathini, izinto zokulima zizobe zibuthakathaka noma zivele zinezinhlanzi.

Isikhathi sokutshala utamatisi sincike esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, kaningi:

• ezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseRussia hlwayela utamatisi kusuka ngoFebhuwari 20 kuya ku-Mashi 15;
• ezindaweni eziphakathi - kusukela ngoMashi 15 kuya ku-Ephreli 1;
• ezindaweni ezisenyakatho (eSiberia, i-Urals) - kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya ku-15.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kubalulekile ukubona ukuthi izithombo ziyokhula kuphi.. Kungcono uma bewindiza yamafasitela eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Kungenzeka ukuthi ezimweni zesimo sezulu ezibi (ukushisa njalo) isidingo sokukhanyisa okungeziwe kwezithombo kuyodingeka, ngakho-ke i-fitolamp kufanele ithengwe.

Ukukhethwa kweMbewu

Ukukhethwa kwembewu kufanele kuhanjiswe ngokuziphendulela. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuzithenga ezitolo ezikhethekile noma kubadayisi abanemibhalo edingekayo yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezimpahla. Akufanele uthenge emathrethini omgwaqo noma ekushintsheni: izimo ezifanayo zokugcina imbewu azikho ezingeni elijwayelekile (lokushisa, umswakama, njll).

Ngaphambi kokuya imbewu, kufanele uthathe isinqumo: yiziphi utamatisi okufanele uzizithenge (ubude noma obufushane), yiziphi izinhlobo ongazikhetha, yikuphi inani lembewu elizodingeka. Ngokwemvelo, zonke iziphetho zitholakala ngokusekelwe kumkhakha wesizinda noma ukushisa okushisa (indawo, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, njll).

Isitolo kufanele sinake umenzi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - isikhathi sokugcina. Imbewu, engaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala, kungcono ukungayithengi. Uma kungekho ezinye izinketho, indaba yokutshala izodinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela futhi inqatshelwe ikhwalithi empofu.

Ukubhekana ngempumelelo nale msebenzi kuzosiza ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. 1 litre amanzi ukuxuba 30 - 40 amagremu kasawoti;
2. gcwalisa imbewu ethengiwe kwisisombululo esilandelayo imizuzu eyishumi;
3. imbewu ebheke phezulu kufanele ikhunjulwe, futhi labo abamanzi kufanele bakhethwe futhi bahlanjululwe ngamanzi okukhiqiza ahlanzekile.

Ukwenqatshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngosuku lokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini.

Ukucubungula nokulungiselela ukuphuma

Imbewu yabakhiqizi abaziwayo ngokuvamile ayidingi ukucubungula okungeziwe, kepha imbewu eqoqwe ngesandla noma ethengwe emakethe, kungcono ukukhipha imithi ngaphambili.

• Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuzifaka kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate (1 g ngalinye ngamaminithi angu-100) emaminithini angu-20-30; emva kwesikhathi sesiphelile, imbewu kufanele ihlanjululwe ngamanzi.
• Enye indlela: ngosuku, imbewu ifakwa kwisisombululo se-soda esingu-0.5% (0.5 amagremu ngalinye ngamanzi ayi-100 ml).
• Ungakwazi ukucubungula imbewu kanye nesisombululo se-liquid Fitosporin (i-drop 1 nge 100 ml wamanzi), uwagcina emanzini amahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-2.

Ukwandisa iphesenti yenhlanyelo yokuhluma, ingagcinwa kwisisombululo esikhulayo (Appin, Zircon, Heteroauxin, njll); indlela yokuzalanisa kanye nobude benkambiso - ngokweziqondiso. Abanye balimi basebenzisa indlela yabantu: gwilisa imbewu enesisombululo se-aloe juice (1: 1) noma amanzi omuncu (1 tsp ngayinye yamanzi).

Hlwanyela imbewu ingabe isomile futhi ihlume, kodwa ukhetho lwesibili lungcono. Ukuhluma kuzodinga:

• i-saucer;
• indwangu, i-gauze noma ithawula lephepha.

1. Indwangu iyaswakanyiswa, ifakwe ngendlela eqondiswe ngesoso, kuyo kuyo imbewu yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ithuthukiswa futhi isakazwe phezulu, isitsha sigcwele isembozo seplastiki noma isikhwama seplastiki bese sibeka endaweni efudumele amahora angu-10-12.
2. Imbewu evulekile kufanele ihlwanyele ngokushesha.
3. Ungawagcina esanini izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-5, lapho kwenzeka khona imbewu kufanele ikhule, futhi kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho utshala ukuze ungaphuli amahlumela ashubile.

Umhlaba

Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-substrate ethengiwe yi-peatnge-acidity ephakeme, abalimi abanomvino abanolwazi abangezela inhlabathi yensimu noma inhlabathi yonke ukuze kube nezimbali ngo-1: 1 isilinganiso, kanye nofulawa wama dolomite noma isikhokhi (1 - 2 tbsp nge-10 l ye-substrate).

Izithombo zakhula ngesisekelo sezwe ezivela engadini yabo yemifino, lapho zifakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, zithola ukucindezeleka okuncane, futhi ngenxa yalokho, zimpande kalula futhi zishesha.

Kulabo abafuna ukulungisa ingxube yomhlabathi ngezandla zabo siqu, ungakwazi ukunikeza okulandelayo:

• Izitshalo ze-Garden, peat, humus zixubene ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, umlotha omncane kanye nomanyolo obunzima ungeziwe engxenyeni.
• I-Peat, i-turfy land, i-mullein (4: 1: 0,25). Kulawo wonke amalitha ayi-10 enhlanganisela, ama-3 amalitha eshlabathi esihlabayo, ama-gramu angu-10 e-ammonium nitrate, ama-1 - 1.5 amagremu ama-potassium chloride, ama-gramu angu-2 kuya kwangu-3 we-superphosphate ayengeziwe.
• 1 ingxenye yama-humus, i-peat, i-turf land mixed, ihlanganisa zonke amalitha angu-10 enhlanganisela kuya ku-1.5 tbsp. umlotha, 3 tbsp. superphosphate, 1 tbsp. i-potassium sulfate ne-1 tsp urea.

Izinga eliphakanyisiwe le-acidity yenhlabathi ngu-5.5 - 6.0 pH. Umhlaba kufanele uchitheke! Ngale njongo, inhlabathi ingabalwa kuhhavini (+ 180С - + 200С imizuzu engu-30), ichithe ngamanzi abilayo noma isisombululo esibomvu se-potassium permanganate, esetshenziswe nge-fungicides ngokwemiyalelo.

Inhlabathi ivame ukuhoxiswa, izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-12 ngaphambi kokulindeleka kokutshala usuku. Ngemuva kokungahlwithwanga, inhlabathi kumele ihanjiswe futhi ishiywe ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze likhiqize kuyo izilwane eziwusizo.

Ukukhethwa kwamandla

Njengesiqukathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, ungasebenzisa i-cassette ekhethekile, amaphilisi noma izimbiza, kanye nezindlela ezingalungisiwe: izinkomishi zeplastiki nezitsha zokudla, amabhokisi angajulile, ukukhishwa ngaphandle kwamapuleti noma plywood. Kunoma yikuphi, izimbobo ezisezansi kumele zenziwe kuwo wonke amathangi, okuzoqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi.

Ukuphakama okuhle kwamabhokisi kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-8-10.. Akufanele ukhethe iziqukathi ezinamandla kakhulu, ngoba sonke isikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo kuzodingeka zisuswe ezindaweni ngezindawo izikhathi eziningana.

Iziqukathi ezilahlayo azidingi ukukhipha i-disinfection, futhi ezisetshenziswe kufanele zisuswe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kotshwala.

Indlela yokutshala?

Ezibhebheni ze-peat

Le ndlela yenza sikwazi ukukhula izithombo ezinamandla futhi ezinempilo, ngokweqile isigaba sokudonsa. Uma utshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma ekushiseni okushisa, lesi sitshalo singasetshenziswa ukufakwa ngethebhulethi.

1. Ithebhulethi enobubanzi bamamitha angu-4 ukugcwalisa amanzi afudumele ngaphambilini okuvuvukala.
2. Ngemuva kokukhipha uketshezi okweqile, faka amaphilisi ku-container esobala, ivolumu yayo ezobamba yonke imikhiqizo ye-peat.
3. Hlwanyela imbewu engu-2-4 yamatamatisi kuthebhulethi ngayinye (uma izinga lembewu lingabangeli ukungabaza, omunye angasetshenziswa). Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukucindezeleka okuncane kuyenziwa emgodini ngomunwe (1 cm) lapho kutholakala khona imbewu.
4. Ukusuka ngenhla ukujula kokunye kuhlanganiswe nenhlabathi noma i-vermiculite.
5. Ibhokisi lihlanganiswe nesembozo esingenasici noma ukugoqa nge-plastic.
6. Amandla afakwa endaweni efudumele (+ 23C - + 25C).

Buka ividiyo ewusizo mayelana nezithombo ezikhulayo zika utamatisi kumathebulethi we-peat:

Esitsheni noma esinye isitsha

Indlela yokuqala yokuhlwanyela, ehlinzekela isiteji sokudonsa ngamathangi ngamanye.

1. Ngezansi kufanele kuthululwe ungqimba lwamanzi ngobuningi buka-0.5 cm (amatshe amancane, ama-eggshell).
2. Umhlabathi u-8 kuya ku-10 cm ubukhulu uthelelwa emathangi, uhambelana kahle ngamanzi afudumele.
3. I-grooves enobubanzi obuyi-1 cm yenziwa phezulu, ibanga phakathi kwabo lingama 3-4 cm.
4. Imbewu razlazhivayutsya emiphongolweni ibanga elide lika-1 - 2 cm, lifafazwe phezulu enhlabathini futhi lihambelana ne-spray.
5. Isiqukathi kumele sigubungelwe ngilazi noma isembozo, bese kufakwa endaweni efudumele (+ 25C - + 30C).

Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nezithombo zikatamatisi ezikhulayo ngendlela ejwayelekile:

Ukuhlwanyela "ku-diaper"

Le ndlela izokwenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukugcina isikhala: inqwaba yezinto zokwelapha zingakhula endaweni encane.

1. I-polyethylene kumele ibanjwe ngokubamba ububanzi obuyi-10 cm, ubude bezingqimba buyakhetha.
2. Ithawula lamaphepha ekhanda noma ikhishi lekhishi, elifakwa phezulu kwefilimu, lihlukaniswa libe yizingqimba zesayizi efanayo.
3. Isendlalelo sephepha kufanele sihambisane nesisombululo sokwanda okukhula.
4. Imbewu kufanele isakaze ephepheni (eduze komunye wemiphetho) kude no-3 - 4 cm.
5. Ngaphezulu kwembewu kuhlanganiswe enye ingqimba yephepha nefilimu yeplastiki.
6. I-tape ephumela ekugcineni kufanele ishintshe ibe ngumqulu futhi ifakwe enkomishini eplastiki. Ukuze ulondoloze isikhala ku-ingilazi eyodwa, ungafaka imiqulu eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
7. Amanzi kufanele athulwe phansi (1-1.5 cm), ukumboza itanki ngesikhwama seplastiki ngemigodi yokuphuza umoya nendawo endaweni efudumele.

Bukela ividiyo mayelana nokutshala izithombo zamatamatisi ku-"diaper":

Yiqiniso, ungathenga izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo, kodwa ukunambitheka kotamatisi okukhulile kusuka ezihlwini ngezandla zabo kungumnandi kakhulu futhi kungcono kakhulu.