Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle sama-apula ngokuvamile kuvimbela izinambuzane zezihlahla ze-apula, eningi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, bonke labo abakhula izihlahla ze-apula ensimini, kubalulekile ukwazi konke mayelana nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane zalesi sihlahla.
Indlela yokuvikela i-apple tree kusuka ku-sawfly
Izinambuzane nokulawulwa kwe-Apple kunzima ngoba kunzima kumlimi ongenalwazi ukuthola inambuzane ethile ukuze akhethe isilinganiso esiphumelelayo sokuqeda. Ngokuyinhloko, uma uqaphela inkathazo yezidakamizwa zezihlahla ze-apula, ingaba i-sawfly.
Qaphela i-sawfly kungaba ngumonakalo: kuthinta kuphela i-ovary encane yesithelo, okudla ngokushesha. Izici zangaphandle zale nkathazo ye-apple zifana nezinyosi, kodwa kuphela ubude bufinyeleleka ku-0.7 cm. 
I-sawfly ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga ngisho nokushisa okunzima kunawo wonke emhlabathini ngaphansi kwezihlahla zegadi, futhi sekusele izinsuku ezingu-5 ngaphambi kokuba ingadi ihlume izibungu zayo bese iqala ukubeka amaqanda emaqabunga nezimbali ze-apula. Ukuze ulawule kahle ama-sawflies, udinga ukucabangela amaqiniso alandelayo:
- le nkathazo ayifinyelele emithini engomakhelwane, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucubungula kuphela abathintekayo;
- Ukulimala okuyinhloko kubangelwa abantu abadala, ababeka amaqanda futhi okudingeka ukuba baqale ukulwa ngaphambi kokuba ingadi iqala ukuqhakaza;
- izibungu zingabhujiswa ngokuphumelelayo kuphela emva kokuba ama-ovari afake esihlahleni.
Ngakho-ke ukuthi inkathazo ayikwazanga ukushaya lesi sihlahla ngokusemthethweni, kubalulekile ukuthi ukhulule njalo umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo. Ebusika nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo, kungabanjwa ngokugwedlulela okuphelele kwezingxenye zomhlaba ukuze kunciphise ukufinyelela kwe-air kuya izibungu.
Izinyathelo zokulwa nokuqhakaza kwe-apula
Flowerbird - Lesi yisifo esibomvu esinombala obomvu, esinesayizi encane kodwa sihlukaniswa yi-proboscis ende. Kubonakala kakhulu ngaphambi kwe-sawfly futhi ingakwazi ukuthelela ama-buds namafihlekile e-apula, engakaqhakazi. 
Uma eshaya ngempela ingadi yakho, ijusi luzoqala ukuphuma kumafuthi, futhi amaqabunga namaqabunga azohlala esimweni esomile. I-beetle yembali iyingozi ngenxa yokuthi ubusika emaqabungeni awile kanye namagxolo ezithelo zemithi yezithelo, futhi ngemva kokulimala kwezinso kungaphila esihlahleni inyanga enye, kudla amaqabunga asetshenzisiwe kakade.
Ngakho-ke ngokuvimbela izinambuzane ekwindla kubalulekile ukususa wonke amaqabunga ngaphansi komuthi bese ubashisa. Futhi kufanelekile ukunakekelwa izigqoko ezimhlophe.
Kuyini ukupopula i-apple kusuka ku-beetle yembali? Ngalokhu kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise Isixazululo se-Chlorofos sathuthukisa ngo-0.2%.
Kodwa ukupompela ngempumelelo kuzoba kuphela uma kwenziwa ngemuva kwephutha lokuphuza. Kodwa uma ukwazi ukubona izinambuzane ngaphambili, kunconywa ukuba zithuthukiswe emthini kuya embukheni futhi izimbungulu eziqoqwe zimanzi emanzini. Enye inqubo enjalo iyoba encane, ngakho kufanele iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3-4 kuze kufike izinga lokushisa eliphakeme ngaphezu kuka -10 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ezihlahleni ze-apula, ngoba ngisho nokupuniza okuphumelelayo ngeke kusindise ingxenye yesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlakulela isikhathi esivumelwaneni esihlabathini, siwugcobe, siphathe amanxeba futhi ususe izingxenye ezithintekayo zegxolo. Futhi ungakhohlwa ngamagatsha okusika.
Indlela yokuvikela izihlahla kusukela enundu
Mhlawumbe izinambuzane eziyingozi kunazo zonke zezitshalo ze-apula i-moth yekhowudi, okuyinto ehlasela futhi kubhubhise ama-apula, okuvimbela ukuba bafinyelele ngisho nokuvuthwa. 
Ama-moth aphezu kwesibhakabhaka, kanti ngesikhathi ama-ovari ekhula e-apula, asebenza ngokusinda ku-butterfly esiteji (sibonakaliswa umbala wamaphiko ombala omnyama omnyama) futhi aphinde abe yinyumba ebomvu. Umuntu oyedwa kuphela we-apple codling moth uyakwazi ukubhubhisa kuze kufike kuma-apula angu-3-4.
Into engathandeki kakhulu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukulwa nenundu esiteji uma sekuvele ishaya izithelo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucubungula izinkuni kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga avule futhi abeke amaqanda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukuhlanza zonke amagxolo afile kusuka emathuneni omuthi bese uyishisa.
Kakade emva kokuqhakaza umuthi we-apula uzodinga sishaye i-arsenic acid calcium, Amagremu angu-30 okumele ahlanganiswe nama-gramu angu-40 we-lime futhi ahlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi.
Kodwa lezo zithelo eziye zonakaliswa kakade, kumele zingcwatshwe emhlabathini. Uma umonakalo omncane, khona-ke ama-apula angadliwa, aphethwe ngaphambili ngamanzi abilayo. Izibungu ze-Apple Caterpillar Kubuye kuphumelele ukubamba izingcezu zendwangu edicilelwe ku-apple compote, kvass noma ushizi, futhi ihlome emagatsheni.
Indlela yokubhekana nesihlangu se-apula
Inkathazo enjalo njenge apple shchitovka, akulimazi kuphela izithelo, kodwa futhi nesihlahla ngokwayo, ngoba le nambuzane encane iyinambuzane yesihlahla se-apula, esiphuza ijusi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-apula ifinyelela futhi iqala ukulimala ngomdlavuza omnyama; amagxolo amabhungane nawo aqala ukuhlushwa.
Le nkathazo cishe ayisishiyi indawo yayo yokuhlala emagqeni omuthi we-apula, kanti ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo izihlangu eziqinile zingakha esihlahleni, esizibhubhisa ngempela umuthi.
Ukuze kuvimbele ukusabalalisa komuthi we-apula, izinyathelo zokulwa nazo kufanele zisetshenziswe esiteji lapho izibungu zivusa nje. Ngalesi sikhathi umuthi uphonswa neKarbofos noma iMetaphos (ekuhlungeni okungaphezulu kuka-0.2%).
Kodwa ngoba lokhu ngeke kuvumele amaqanda ukuba asuswe, kuze kube yize amaqabunga ekwazi ukuqhakaza esihlahleni se-apula, kubiza ngaphezu kwalokho ufafaze "i-Nitrafen" ekuhlungeni kwe-2% (ungasebenzisa futhi isisombululo se-1% isisombululo se "DNOC").
Okufanele ukwenze uma umuthi we-apula wawuhlaselwa yi-moth hawthorn
Ngaphandle hawthorn moth kufana nezimvemvane ezincane kakhulu, ezinamaphiko ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-0.6 cm kanye nobude bomzimba obungaphezu kuka-0.5 cm. Ingozi yayo ikhona ekutheni ukudla kwalesi sifo kungamaqabunga aluhlaza e-apula.
I-moth puppe overwinter ngaphansi kwamaqabunga awilekile nasemagqabini awonakele; ngakho-ke, angabhekwa njengezinambuzane ze-aple ebhukheni, okungazange zibhubhise kakhulu.
Ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-moth hawthorn, ngisho nangaphambi kokubhakabhaka kubalulekile uchithe izinkuni ngezinambuzane, okuzofanelana:
- I-Cyanox;
- I-Zolon;
- "Malathion";
- "Metathion";
- "Amathopho";
- "Nexion";
- "Phosphamide".
Kubalulekile! Empeleni, konke okulungiselelwe ngenhla ukulwa ne-hawthorn moth ukuphumelela kuphela ekulwa namacimbi amancane; ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufefaza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ubona inkathazo esesimweni sephevemvane futhi amaqabunga esihlahla angakaqedwa, sebenzisa i- "Nitrafen", "Oleocuprite" yokucubungula. Kubalulekile nokubhubhisa ama-arachnids, okuyiwona amacimbi afaka ngemuva kweqabunga ngalinye.
Izindlela zokulwa ne-apple moth
Le nkathazo ibonakala ekuwa, lapho abalimi bebajwayele ukukhohlwa ngabo. Apple moth imelela izimvemvane, ezinamaphiko ama-3 cm ngobukhulu futhi zibe nombala ophuzi obomvu (owesilisa kuphela ohlukile kulobukhulu, abesifazane basayizi amancane).
Kodwa zilimaza kakhulu kusukela entwasahlobo, nakuba kungelula ukuwabona. Zihamba kalula phakathi kwamaqabunga futhi kancane kancane ziqoqa amaqabunga, amaqabunga nezimbali. Kodwa uma kunqotshwa okukhulu, amahlumela amaqabunga kuphela ahlala e-apula.
Ngemuva kokuba izihlahla zama-apula ziqhakaza, izibungu ngokuvamile ziwela emhlabathini lapho kutholakala khona izimpungushe, futhi kuphela amaphevemvane aseSepthemba aqala ukuphuma endaweni yokukhosela.
Njengokulwa ne-peppered moth Kunconywa ukuqoqa amacimbi esihlahlenifuthi inqubo ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ihlumela liphule kusuka izinambuzane ze-apula - "Nitrafen" noma "i-Olekupkrit". Esikhathini sezigaba kamuva, i-karbofos, i-mathion, i-nexion noma i-chlorophos ingasetshenziswa.
Namanje ekwindla kweziqu ze-apula kubalulekile shiya amabhande okuyinto engavumeli i-moth ephihliwe ukushiya amaqanda ephakeme emikhanda yomuthi. Uma beka eceleni eceleni kwesihlahla sama-apula, entwasahlobo bayothathwa kalula ngokuphatha isisombululo kusuka ku-nitrophene.
I-aphid eluhlaza e-apula, okufanele ukwenze
I-aphid eluhlaza Kunzima kakhulu ukubonwa ezinyathelweni zokuqala zesilonda, ngoba le nkathazo iyinto ejulile. Kodwa lokhu akumvimbeli ukuba angabhubhisi insimu yonke, ikakhulukazi izihlahla ezincane, kanti lezi zinambuzane ze-apula zihamba phambili futhi ziyingozi entwasahlobo.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-aphid yiziqabunga ezisontekile nezomisiwe zomuthi, njengoba i-aphid idla ngokusabalala kwamaqabunga namaqabunga amancane. Kulesi simo, izinambuzane zikhula ngokushesha futhi zingashintsha izizukulwane ezingu-20 ngesikhathi esisodwa sasehlobo. Njalo umzuzwana uyakwazi ukukhuphula amaphiko bese uya emthini omusha.
Kubalulekile! Ama-aphid vectors yizintuthwane zensimu, okumele futhi zilwe.
Ukuze unciphise umthelela we-aphid bese uzama ukususa ngokuphelele emthini, zonke izihlahla ze-apula zizodinga ukugezwa ngamanzi kusuka kwipipi. Kunconywa ukwenza lezi zinqubo nsuku zonke. Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula ngaphansi kwezinsizakalo, khona-ke zingakwazi fafaza ngamanzi asosi (Isixazululo, sebenzisa i-1 litre lamanzi kanye nama-200 amagremu ensipho).
Uyazi? Ekulweni nama-aphid kuma-apula nakwezinye izihlahla zegadi, ungasizwa ngabavikeli bemvelo, njengezimpukane ze-syphid, ama-ladybugs ne-eye-eye. Ukuheha lezi zinambuzane phakathi kwezihlahla, kutuswa ukuba uhlwanye ama-oats ne-alfalfa. Uma ubona izinambuzane ezinenzuzo, ukutshala utshani kudinga ukushiswa ukuze baqale ukufuna indawo yokukhosela nokudla emithini ene-aphid.
Indlela yokuvikela i-apula esihlahleni?
Mediankalowo oshaya ama-apula, futhi okuthiwa i-leaflet. Kusukela entwasahlobo yasemuva isilwane esidala sinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okhanyayo, kodwa ekwindla kuba mbala. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela ama-verdigrisus, ngoba ubude bawo buyi-0.3-0.4 cm kuphela.
Kodwa ingozi yezihlahla zama-apula yizimpungushe eziluhlaza ze-medyka, okuyinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Basebenzisa ngenkuthalo ijusi kusuka emaqabunga, abangakaze babe nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi bashiye amaconsi anamathele kumasayithi wezilonda, anamathele amaqabunga kanye namaqabunga. Lawa manzi adala nokuthuthukiswa kwefungus.
Uma usuqala ukutshala isitshalo somuntu omdala, i-creeper ihlakazeka kuyo yonke insimu, kodwa ekwindla isabuyela e-apula ukuze ibeke amaqanda.
Endabeni yokulwa nesilwane, izithako eziphumelela kakhulu ezenziwe ngamapulisi amuncu. Ukuqubuka kwensimu nomusi wokubhema nakho kuyasiza. Ukwenza lokhu, usakaze utshani obunomsila namagqabi kagwayi phezu kwawo bese uwubeka emlilweni ozolile. Njengoba utshani luzofiphaza, i-fumigation ingapheli amahora amathathu.
Kusukela enkambisweni enjalo, i-fishworm iyowela phansi, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukumba yonke inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-apula ekugcineni, ukuze kuvinjelwe inkathazo ukuba ilulame.
Izindlela zokulwa namapheshana
Isibungu sephepha abaningi okuthiwa i-apple butterfly butterflyngoba iningi lokuphila kwayo le nambuzane iyinhlobonhlobo encane enamaphiko amnyama.
Kodwa ingozi ayiyona ama-butterflies, kodwa amacimbi aphuzi abomvu-aphuzi abondla amaqabunga e-apula. Isikhathi esisodwa sasehlobo sikuvumela ukuba ushintshe ngokuphepha isigaba sezizukulwane ezine zezinundu, okuyingozi kakhulu ensimini yezithelo.
Kungenzeka ukubhubhisa inundu ngamakhemikhali, kodwa lezo zelako zilimaza kakhulu umuthi nezithelo. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa umhlonyanelapho ungalungisa ukumnika noma ukumiswa kwe-decoction ukuze uphefaze:
- Ukuze umhlonyane we-infusion kufanele uqoshwe kahle, ugcwalise isigamu ibhakede lama-10 amalitha. Konke lokhu kugcwele amanzi abandayo futhi kufaka amahora angu-24 kuphela. Emva kwalokhu, uketshezi, kanye nomhlonyane, ubilisiwe, kuhlungiwe, kuhlanjululwa kabili futhi kusetshenziselwa ukupuniza.
Ithiya elomile liboshiwe umhluzi, okudinga u-1 kg kuphela wokubilisa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15 yokubilisa, uketshezi kumele kucolile futhi kungasetshenziselwa ukupuniza. Izinqubo kufanele ziphindwe kathathu phakathi nesonto. Ukuze uthuthukise umhluzi, ungangeza amagremu angu-40 esensiphu noma u-1 kg we-litha, ufake izinsuku ezingu-2-3.
Ithiya elomile liboshiwe umhluzi, okudinga u-1 kg kuphela wokubilisa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15 yokubilisa, uketshezi kumele kucolile futhi kungasetshenziselwa ukupuniza. Izinqubo kufanele ziphindwe kathathu phakathi nesonto. Ukuze uthuthukise umhluzi, ungangeza amagremu angu-40 esensiphu noma u-1 kg we-litha, ufake izinsuku ezingu-2-3.Uyazi? Izitshalo zensimu, ezungeze lapho zikhula khona umhlonyane obabayo, zingenakwenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zithinteke ngama-apula amaqabunga, ngoba ngisho nephunga lalesitshalo lishaya izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugonywa komhlonyane kuyasebenza empini yokulwa nezinundu, amafosholo, amabhu nama-sawflies.
Indlela yokubhubhisa inundu ye-apula?
Isibunguokuthinta izihlahla ze-apula, kufana kakhulu nomlotha ovamile futhi ulinganisa no-2 cm. Ingozi eyinhloko engaba yinto yokubamba inyama yamacembe, okungaholela ekufeni kwabo. Futhi amahlumela ahlwanyelwe ama-cobwebs angase angaqhakazi ngisho nokuqhakaza.
Uma ingadi ingasindisi, ingahlala ingabonakali, futhi ukuphela kwemifino kuzobekwa emagatsheni ayo.
Ukulwa namas ema-apula, kuphumelela ukuqoqa ama-cocoons awo bese uwashisa, futhi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga asundu emthini, ofihla umkhuhlane. Kufanele uphefute i-apple ngesisombululo sepelepele obomvu ne-shag, okuzoyidingayo:
- isikhwama (10 g) sepipi elibomvu lomhlabathi;
- iphakethe le-shag;
- ibhodlela le-permanganate ye-potassium;
- i-garlic nama-pei anyanisi;
- 10 amalitha amanzi.
Kulawulwa kwezinambuzane zama-apula kanye nezihlahla ze-apula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuthola insimu ngesikhathi sokubavimbela ukuba basakaze. Ngisho noma ungazange uqaphele umkhondo wokuhlaselwa ensimini yakho, akufanele ulahle izinyathelo zokuzivikela, njengoba izinambuzane eziningi ezindizayo zingabetha izihlahla zakho ze-apula phakathi nonyaka, zivela ensimini engomakhelwane.
