Ukukhiqiza hybrid livela Holland - incazelo ye hybrid ezihlukahlukene utamatisi "Marfa"

I-Marfa F1 ephezulu engavumelani namakhaza iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu yezindawo ezimozulu okupholile nokupholile.

Naphezu kwezimo zezulu ezimbi, izitshalo zithela izithelo ezinhle, utamatisi unambitha kakhulu, zigcinwa futhi zithuthwa isikhathi eside.

Kulesi sihloko uzothola ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe ngalokho okushiwo uMarta, yiziphi izici zayo eziphawulekayo nokuziqhamuka kokulima.

Utamatisi "uMarta": incazelo ehlukahlukene

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphethwe ngabalimi baseDutch, abazitholele zonke izifunda zaseRussia, kuhlanganise nama-Urals neSiberia.

Okukhulunywe ngokukhethekile ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nezindawo zokungcebeleka kwefilimu, ezindaweni ezifudumele, kungenzeka ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukukhiqiza kuhle kusuka ku-1 sikwele. amamitha wokutshala angafundwa ku-6 kg wezitamatisi akhethiwe.

I-Marfa F1 iyinhlangano ephakathi nonyaka ephakanyiswayo ephakanyisiwe yesizukulwane sokuqala. Isihlahla singapheli, side, sihamba ngokulinganisela.

Umthamo we-green mass uphakathi, amaqabunga amancane, alula, aluhlaza. Uhlelo lwempande lusethuthukile kahle. Izithelo zivuthwe ngamabhulashi ayizicucu ezingu-6-8. Esikhathini isigaba of fruiting ezihlabayo bheka kakhulu nenhle. Ukuvuthwa kuqala phakathi nehlobo, isithelo singaqoqwa ngaphambi kweqhwa.

Ungaqhathanisa isivuno sezinhlobonhlobo nabanye etafuleni elingezansi:

Izici

Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene:

• ukunambitheka okuhle kwesithelo;
• isivuno esikhulu;
• ukumelana nezifo ezinkulu;
• izithelo zigcinwe kahle;
• ukuzithoba;
• ukukhuthazela okubandayo.

Izinkinga zingase zibhekiswe ekudingeni ukukhwabanisa nokwakhiwa kwesihlahla. Utamatisi aphezulu kudingeka afakwe kwi-trellis noma izigxobo.

Izithelo zezithelo:

• Izithelo zizungezile, zikhishwe kancane, usayizi ophakathi.
• I-mass of utamatisi 130-140 g.
• Utamatisi abushelelezi, ahlanzekile, ngesikhumba esincane esicwebezelayo.
• Inyama iyamanzi, inomdlandla ngokwemvelo, inenani lembewu encane.
• Umbala wezithelo ezivuthiwe ubomvu ocebile.
• Ukunambitheka kumnandi, kumnandi, hhayi kwamanzi.

Izithelo eziqoqwe kahle zigcinwe, ukuhamba kungenzeka. Ukuhambisana nesisindo nesayizi utamatisi kuhle ukudayiswa.

Utamatisi kaMarta ahlukahlukeneko, afanele ukulungiswa kwama-saladi, ama-side dish, isobho, amazambane ahlambulukileko, amasoso. Ijusi elimnandi likhishwa izithelo ezivuthiwe, izithelo ezincane ezinamandla zingafakwa usawoti noma zifakwe emanzini.

Qhathanisa isisindo sesithelo nezinye izinhlobo kungaba etafuleni elingezansi:

Isithombe

Ungabona izithelo zika utamatisi ezihlukahlukene Marfa F1 ezithombeni:

Izici zokukhula

Izinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi uMarfa zithuthukiswa kahle ngokulingana. Imbewu ayidingi ukungena noma ukwelashwa okhethekile, badlula izinqubo ezidingekayo ngaphambi kokuthengisa.

Umhlabathi kufanele ube obala kakhulu futhi unomsoco. Ideal - ingxube ye-turf noma umhlaba wegadi nge humus. Kungenzeka ukwengeza ingxenye encane yesihlabathi somfula. Imbewu ihlwanyela ngokujula kwe-1.5 cm, i-powdered ne-peat, ifakwe ngamanzi, bese ibeka ekushiseni.

Ngemva kokuhluma, iziqukathi zivezwe ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Namanzi izithombo zidinga amanzi afudumele kusuka ekutheni amanzi. Lapho amaqabunga okuqala eqiniso evuleka kumatamatisi, izitshalo zidonsa, bese uziphakelayo ngomanyolo omuncu omuncu.

Ngesikhathi seminyaka engama-60, izithombo zihanjiswa ku-abamba ukushisa, zitshalwe kamuva emibhedeni evulekile, umhlabathi kumele uvuselelwe ngokugcwele. Ngesikwele esingu-1. m ingakwazi ukuhlala 3 isihlahla samahlumela.

Masinyane emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, ukwakheka kwezitshalo kuqala. Kungcono ukugcina isihlahla 1-2 sifanamsindvo, ukususa izingane zokutholwa ezingaphezu kwezibhamu ezintathu. Ukunisela kuyalinganisa; ngenkathi, utamatisi udliwe izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngomanyolo ogcwele oyinkimbinkimbi. Izihlahla eziphakeme ziboshelwe izisekelo, amagatsha aqinile kamuva anezithelo ezifakwe kuwo.

Funda futhi izihloko ezithakazelisayo mayelana nokutshala utamatisi ensimini: kanjani ukuhlanganisa kahle nokuhlanganiswa kahle?

Indlela yokwakha i-mini-greenhouse for izithombo kanye nokusebenzisa abathuthukisi ukukhula?

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo zikaMarta ziphikisana nezifo eziyinhloko ze-nightshade: i-verticillosis, i-fusarium, i-cladosporia, i-mosaic kagwayi, i-gall nematode. Ukuze uvimbele, kunconywa ukuthi ungasebenzi nge-intanethi ngokubala noma ukuchitha isisombululo se-potassium permanganate esishisayo. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe ziyasiza ukuphalaza i-phytosporin noma esinye isidakamizwa esinemiphumela ye-antifungal kanye ne-antiviral.

Utamatisi abasha ngokuvamile abathinteka yi-aphid, i-whitefly, i-thrips. Kusuka ezinambuzaneni ezindizayo kusiza ukungcolisa inambuzane yezimboni noma i-decoction celandine. Isixazululo samanzi samakhemikhali ammonia siyosindisa emanzini angenalutho, futhi ama-aphid azobhujiswa ngokuhlanza njalo izitshalo ngamanzi ashisayo ase-soapy.

Utamatisi we-hybrid Marfa uzibonakalise emapulazini nasemapulazini angasese. Ihlanganisa kahle nezinye izinhlobo, ukuqhubeka nokuthela izithelo ezimweni lapho ezinye utamatisi zingafaki ama-ovari.