Utamatisi owomnandi futhi onomnandi ama-Yuspov utamatisi yizintandokazi zabapheki basezindaweni zokudlela zasempumalanga. Izithelo zabo ezinkulu zinqunywa ezinqabeni ze-thinnest zeSalak Achik-Chukchuk isaladi.
Kodwa lokhu, akunjalo, akuzona kuphela ukufaneleka kwabo. Ukukhiqiza, ukunambitheka okukhulu, izithelo ezinkulu ezinomzimba - konke lokhu kwakudingeka ukunambithe abalimi abaningi.
Esihlokweni sethu uzothola incazelo eningiliziwe yalezi ezihlukahlukene, izici zayo, ufunde mayelana nobuqili bokulima nokukhathalela, ikhono lokulwa nezifo nezinambuzane ezinambuzane.
Utamatisi "Yusupovskiy": incazelo ezihlukahlukene
| Igama leBanga | Yusupovskiy |
| Incazelo jikelele | Izikhathi ezinokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ezinhlobonhlobo ezingapheli, ezide kakhulu nezithelo ezinkulu. Kunconyelwe izindawo zokugcina izithombo. |
| Umsunguli | Institute of Research Scientific of Imifino kanye Izikhungo Uzbekistan |
| Ukuvusa | Izinsuku ezingu-110-115 |
| Ifomu | Izithelo zinkulu, zizonke. |
| Umbala | Umbala wezithelo ezivuthiwe ubomvu obomvu. |
| Isisindo esijwayelekile samatamatisi | 500-600 amagremu |
| Isicelo | Okumnandi, okufanele ama-juice nama-sauces. |
| Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo | phezulu |
| Izici zokukhula | Imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo yakhiqizwa izinsuku ezingu 60-70 ngaphambi kokutshala. I-garter edingekayo ukusekela no-pasynkovanie. |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | Utamatisi owomuthi awunamathele ku-cladosporia. Njengazo zonke izinhlobonhlobo zokubamba ukushisa zingatheleleka nge-blight, ingqungquthela kanye ne-gray gray, izithelo ze-blackleg, zefusarium. |
Akuyona i-hybrid. Awekho ama-hybrid wegama elifanayo. Bred on the field of testing of the Institute Institute of Vegetable and Gourds of Uzbekistan. Umlobi wezinhlobonhlobo ngu-Uzbek umzalisi uKarim Yusupov.
Yusupovskys, noma, njengoba kuthiwa nangokuthi utamatisi wase-Uzbek, ube nesihlahla esingenamkhawulo, esinde, nesiqinile. Uma ukhulile emhlabathini ovulekile ufinyelela ukuphakama kwama-80 cm. Emanzini okugcina izithombo angathatha kuze kufike ku-160 cm. Mayelana nezinhlobo ezinqunyelwe ezifundwa kulesi sihloko.
Leqabunga livamile, elihlaza. Isembozo seqabunga siqinile phakathi.
Utamatisi ovuthiwe. Ezingxenyeni zasekhaya e-Uzbekistan, isisindo sesithelo ngokuvamile siyi-kilogram. Esikhathini sezulu saseRussia, ngokuya ekukhuleni endaweni yokushisa noma ukushisa okushisa, isisindo isisindo - kusuka 400 kuya 800 amagremu. Emhlabathini ovulekile - kusuka ku 200 kuya ku-500 amagremu.
Ungaqhathanisa lezi zibalo nezinye izinhlobo etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Izithelo isisindo (amagremu) |
| Yusupovskiy | 400-800 |
| Fatima | 300-400 |
| I-Caspar | 80-120 |
| I-Golden Fleece | 85-100 |
| Diva | 120 |
| U-Irina | 120 |
| Batyana | 250-400 |
| Dubrava | 60-105 |
| Nastya | 150-200 |
| Mazarin | 300-600 |
| I-Pink Lady | 230-280 |
Ibanga lakha ama-brushes aqinile. Izithelo zivuthwe ngosayizi ngisho nasemagatsheni angenhla. Izimbali ziqala kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Ngokuvuthwa kubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zekwephuzile.
Izici
Izici eziyinhloko zesithelo:
- Utamatisi unombala ogqamile kusuka ebomvu obomvu kuya obomvu, ngemisebe ehlukanisa ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Isithelo siphezulu, isakhiwo se-eggplant-like.
- Kunzima, kunomzimba. I-rind incane.
- Inombolo encane yezinhlamvu.
- Ukunambitheka kuyinkimbinkimbi, kumnandi, cishe kuyomuncu.
- Kuhle kakhulu ama-saladi, ukwenza ama-jus, amasoso, fresh.
Utamatisi uhanjiswa kahle. Izinkinga zihlanganisa ukuthambekela kokuphazamiseka, ukuphatheka kabi kwezokuthutha.
Okuthakazelisayo: I-Achik-chukchuk isaladi isetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile kwisi-Uzbek pilaf. Iresiphi yesaladi ihlanganisa anyanisi oqoshiwe kakhulu, pepper omusha omnyama, isisekelo se-basil. Imfihlo ye-ulethisi ku-utamatisi, kufanele ibe - Yusupov. Utamatisi kumele unciphise isisindo, ukuze kutholakale imizuzu emincane, emincane. Usawoti nosawoti ocolile.
Isithombe
Ngezansi kukhona izithombe zamatamatisi "Yusupov"
Izici zokukhula nokunakekelwa
Utamatisi "Yusupovskiy" Kunconywa ukuba ukwakhiwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu nephakathi zaseRussia. Kodwa-ke, abalimi bemifino yase-Urals, eSiberia, esifundazweni sase-Amur, bakhula ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlukahluka okuthandayo.
Izithombo zihlwanyelwa izinsuku ezingu-60-70 ngaphambi kokudluliselwa endaweni enomphela. Imbewu yokutshala ingenziwa ezitsheni ezihlukene, futhi usebenzise ama-greenhouses akhethekile. Izikhuthazo zingasetshenziswa ukukhulisa ukukhula. Ukutshala izithombo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezikhiqizwa ngoMeyi noJuni. Emhlabathini ovulekile emva kokushisa kwomoya kusungulwe hhayi ngaphansi kwe + 7 ° ะก.
Uma usuka emhlabathini ovulekile, umquba wamanzi, umlotha, kanye ne-isipuni se-superphosphate zithelelwa emthonjeni ngamunye. Gcwalisa kakhulu imbobo ngamanzi. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ngodaka oluketshezi. Ngeviki elilandelayo, ukuphuza akukhiqizwa.
Zonke utamatisi ezinkulu ezihlwanyelwe zitshalwe iphethini ejwayelekile ye-40 cm nge-60 cm.
I-Agronomists bayelulekwa ukuba bahambe ekwakheni isihlahla esinamandla 2-3 stem central. Pasynkut ngokushesha ngemuva kokuya endaweni ehlala njalo. Abantwana abathintekayo baqeda sonke isizini, bavimbele ukukhula kusuka ngaphezu kuka-5 cm.
Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, phakamisa phezulu kwesitshalo, ushiye amaqabunga amathathu ngaphezu kwesibhamu sokugcina. Isheshisa ukuvuthwa.
Kuboshwe ezisekelweni ngosizo loop ezamahala noma ukuhlela ukwesekwa trellis. Ukwenza lokhu, donsela phansi ucingo ngezindophi zokulenga lapho uhamba khona lapho uhamba khona. Amabhulashi ahlanganiswe ngokwehlukana.
Ukushisa kwomoya endaweni yokushisa akufanele kudlule + 30 ° C. Ubuncwane bugcinwa ezingeni eliphansi. Ungasebenzisa i-mulching ukuze ulondoloze i-microclimate.
Lapho okuqukethwe kokushisa kunciphisa ukwethulwa kwe-nitrogen fertilizer. Uma kwenzeka amahlamvu aphuzi, yondla ngesisombululo se-mullein: ilitha ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi. Ukwakheka okusheshayo futhi okungcono kwama-ovari okuhlanjululwa e-bush boric acid. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo, ukuze ungasebenzisi amakhemikhali, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa ngokukhipha inambuzane.
Ukondla ukukhishwa kuhlanjululwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10, engeza umlotha. Utamatisi udliwa ngaphansi kwezimpande izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto kanyekanye nokuphuzisa noma ngesikhathi semvula. Ezikhathini ezinomile, ukufaka umanyolo akukakhiqizwa, inhlabathi i-salinisation yenzeka futhi uhlelo lwempande alufaki izakhi.
Funda futhi ngendlela yokudla kahle utamatisi ngezindaba eziphilayo, imvubelo, iodine, i-hydrogen peroxide ne-ammonia.Siphinde sikuqaphele indaba ephathelene nezinhlobonhlobo zezotamatisi ezinokuvunwa okuphezulu nokuphikiswa kwezifo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Phytophthalosis yamatamatisi
- I-Phytophthora:
Ukuze kuvikelwe, imbewu ye-utamatisi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ifakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engu-15-20, igeze ngamanzi asebenzayo. Izithombo ziphuziswa, ziseneminyaka emibili ubudala, zinekhambi lomlotha (izipuni eziyi-3 ilitha lamanzi). Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo kusiza ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ngomumo we-Bordeaux.
- I-Fusarium:
Faka isicelo samakhemikhali asezimboni (ukuzivikela) noma amalungiselelo asekelwe kwi-bio-base (Trichodermin).
- Ukubola kwe-Vertex:
Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka kwetamatisi uma utshalwa, engeza umlotha kanye nepuniji le-calcium nitrate kumsuka ngamunye. Izikhathi eziningana izamatamatisi zonyaka zifakwe ngesixazululo somlotha: izipuni ezimbili zomlotha ngetitha elilodwa lamanzi, ukuphoqa izinsuku ezimbili.
- I-Botrytis (i-gray gray), umlenze omnyama:
Disinfect inhlabathi. Qaphela ukushisa, umbuso wamanzi. Nikeza ukufinyelela emoyeni esitshalweni.
Mayelana nohlobo lwetamatisi olumelana nokulimala okuphelile, funda lapha.Siphinde senze izihloko zakho zokunakekela indlela yokulwa nezifo zamatamatisi nezinhlobo ezingenakwenzeka kuzo.
Utamatisi "Yusupovsky" izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokudla. Izithelo ezinkulu, izithelo eziphakeme zenza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zakwa-Uzbek abalimi abadumile futhi bezifunwa phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia.
Funda futhi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani isivuno esihle samatamatisi ensimini, ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani unyaka wonke kubamba abamba ukushisa nokuthi yiziphi izinkolelo zokukhula kwezinhlobo zakuqala ezaziyo abalimi abanolwazi.
Ngezansi uzothola izixhumanisi ezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi ezinemibandela ehlukene yokuvuthwa:
| Ngaphambi kokuqala | Ukuvuthwa kwesikhashana | Phakathi nonyaka |
| I-Transnistria entsha | I-Rocket | Isihambi |
| Ipullet | I-ribbed yaseMelika | Pear elibomvu |
| I-giant giant | De barao | I-Chernomor |
| I-Torbay f1 | I-Titan | Benito F1 |
| Tretyakovsky | Umgcini omude | UPaul Robson |
| I-Black Crimea | INkosi yamakhosi | Indlovu yokusajingijolo |
| Chio Chio San | Usayizi waseRashiya | Mashenka |
