Hoya - I-ampelnoe isitshalo, ingokwesihlobo sama-shrub asesitshaleni kanye no-Lian.
Futhi ibizwa ngokuthi ivy wax.
Hoya ikhula eNingizimu naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ePolynesia nase-Australia.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Lesi sitshalo sithiwa usosayensi waseScotland uBrown, odumisa umngani wakhe ongumlimi waseNgilandi uThomas Hoy, owakhula izitshalo emasimini kaDuke wase Northumberland.
Izimo ezikhulayo ezikhulayo
Indawo nokukhanyisa
I-hoya ikhetha ukukhanyisa okuhle, ikwazi ukubekezelela kalula ilanga eliqondile. Kodwa elangeni elisebenzayo, emaqabunga emivini angase athole ukushisa.
I-Hoya ingcono kakhulu efakwe kumafasitela asempumalanga nasempumalanga. Uma ibutho, elifanayo, likhona ewindini eliseningizimu, bese lihle ehlobo, kungcono ukudala ukukhanya okungafani (phonsa umthamo phezu kwewindi).
Kubalulekile! I-Hoya ngeke ikwazi ukuqhakaza kumafasitela asenyakatho.
Imodi yokushisa: ihlobo-ebusika
Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kunawo wonke le-hoyi, elikhulile ngezimo zegumbi, lizoba ngama-degrees Celsius angu-25, futhi ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-16.
Uma ebusika izinga lokushisa lizodlula ama-degrees Celsius angu-20, khona-ke ukuvuna kwezikhathi ze-hoya kuyoba yiketshezi futhi ingabalulekile.
Kunconywa ukuthi uqhube ukuhamba emoyeni egumbini lapho ikhola ikhula khona, kodwa ngaphandle kokudala imidwebo, njengoba lesi sitshalo singafa.
Amathiphu wokunakekela i-Hoya
Ukunisela: ihlobo-ubusika
Hoya - isitshalo esinomswakama. Umvini uchitheka kakhulu kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba, kodwa udinga ukuchelela okusebenzayo ngesikhathi sehlobo.
Uma nje uqaphela ukuthi umhlabathi usomile, udinga ukuphuza isitshalo ngamanzi ahlukanisiwe. Ungakhohlwa futhi ukuthi unakekele i-hoey: ukususa iziqu kanye nomhlabathi ngaphansi kwesitshalo.
Kusukela ngoNovemba, kunconywa ukunciphisa ukuhlanza amanzi. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo asidingi umswakama kakhulu, ukuze sikwazi ukuphuziswa izinsuku ezingu-4-5 ngemuva kokumisa phezulu. Ukushisa kwamanzi okunisela ebusika kufanele kube mnandi.
Uyazi? Uma i-hoya ingavamile ukuphuziswa, ezinye izimpande zesitshalo ziyafa futhi isikhathi sokukhula siqala.
Kunconywa ukusheshisa ukukhula kwesitshalo kanye nezimbali zalo; entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ukuyifaka emanzini ekushiseni kwama-30-40 degrees ngesigamu sehora, kanti nomhlabathi unezimpande okungenani amahora amabili.
Umswakama womoya
I-hoya ayifuni ezindabeni zobuningi. Kodwa ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukupaka ngezikhathi ezithile isitshalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Kubalulekile! Uma uphefa i-hoya, umswakama awufanele uwele ezimbali.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ihoya kumele idliwe njalo emavikini amabili. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo obunzima wamaminerali ngensimbi. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo asidingi ukudla.
Udinga ukwazi! Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala i-hoyu, udinga ukufakelwa isitshalo (izitshalo ezincane, ukufakelwa kabusha okudingekayo njalo ngonyaka).
Ukufakelwa
Kubalulekile ukutshala isitshalo somuntu omdala njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi encane noma engekho hlangothi (pH 5.5 kuya ku-6). Futhi, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshele isitshalo esincane njalo ngonyaka (kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu).
Hamba ungathobeki enhlabathini. I-substrate engcono kakhulu kuyo kuyoba ingxube yobumba-sod, i-greenhouse kanye namaqabunga emhlabeni (2: 1: 1). Ingxenye yesibili yomhlabathi: ubumba-sod, iqabunga lomhlabathi, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat (2: 1: 1: 1).
Uma ukhetha inhlabathi, kufanele ucabangele uhlobo lwehoya. Isibonelo, uHoya Prekrasnaya uthanda inhlanganisela yama-humus, umhlabathi ohlaza, i-peat, isihlabathi nengxenye encane yamalahle.
Kubalulekile! I-Hoey ngesikhathi sokutshala nokufakelwa kabusha kudinga amanzi amanzi.
UHoi ukukhiqizwa ekhaya
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-wax ivy ekhaya kungenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu: i-hoya evela kumbewu, ukuhlanganiswa nokukhiqiza ngokubeka.
Uma uba umnikazi imbewu, zitshalwe emhlabathini, ziqukethe umxube womhlaba kanye ne-peat moss. Ukuphuza ngokweqile nangemva kwesonto, imbewu iqala ukuhluma. Izithombo ze-hoi kufanele zihlale zimanzi, kodwa hhayi zikhukhula ngamanzi. Ummbila wembewu kufanele ugcinwe endaweni efudumele futhi evulekile.
Ukuze uvikele amahlumela amancane ama-fungal diseases, ufafaze ngesisombululo semithi eline-copper. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, lapho amahlumela ekhishwa amaqabunga amabili, uwafakise emiphakathini ehlukene.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Thola imbewu ye-hoi eyenziwe ekhaya ekhaya akunakwenzeka.
Indlela elandelayo yokuzalanisa ukusika i-hoya. Kuthathwa njengendlela ethembeke kakhulu futhi elula yokutshala isitshalo.
Ukunquma ofuna ukutshala kufanele kube ngu-10 cm. Kufanele ube neqabunga lamaqabunga namagundane. Ama-choi cuttings angagxila emanzini nasemhlabathini.
Lapho ugoqa emanzini, uzodinga umthamo omncane oqoshiwe. Esikhunjini, yenza izimbobo zokusika. Ungakhohlwa ukugcwalisa itangi ngamanzi.
Shiya i-pair of amaqabunga aphezulu phezu kwe-cuttings, futhi uphathe ingxenye engezansi nge-stimulator yokukhula kwezimpande. Sika ama-cuttings ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezithombeni ngaphakathi kwesitsha.
Lapho ukukhula kwe-rooting cuttings, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kunazo zonke yizingu-22 zokushisa. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi umswakama ohlala njalo ubalulekile ekunqunyiwe.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka isikhwama esitsheni nge-cuttings, ushiye umgodi womoya. Ngakho-ke, umswakama uzoba njalo, kodwa ama-cuttings ngeke aphele.
I-hoya cuttings iqala ukuhluma ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kubalulekile ukutshala izinqubo ezigxilwe phansi endaweni enomphela, njengoba ukutshalwa kwezimpande kunciphisa isitshalo, kanti ukusika kuzoba yindlala kakhulu.
Futhi, ama-cuttings angatshala ngokushesha ku-substrate. Inhlabathi kufanele ilula, ngakho amanzi amaningi angadlulela ngokukhululekile.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, cuttings kuyadingeka ukucubungula impande. Ibhodlela kanye ne-substrate kumele inzalo, njengoba izitshalo ezingafundiwe zitholakala kalula ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane.
Ama-cuttings kudingeka atshalwe ekujuleni okunjalo ukuthi isixha esingaphansi sigcwele umhlabathi. Ukuze sikhule cuttings ngale ndlela, umswakama njalo kuyadingeka.
Senza inqubo efanayo njengendlela yangaphambilini: sibeka isikhwama sepulasitiki esicacile esinomgodi wokusika. Ngemva kwamasonto amathathu, izimpawu zokukhula kwezitshalo zizovela.
Indlela yesithathu ukukhiqizwa kwe-hoya ngokubeka. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuthola isitshalo sezimbali ngonyaka wokutshala. Esigabeni sesitshalo esidala, yenza ukuchotshozwa okuncane futhi usimboze ngama-moss amanzi, ukumboza nge-plastic wrap.
Lapho izimpande zivela esakhiweni sokungcoliswa, ingxenye nezimpande inqunywe futhi itshalwe ebhodweni elihlala njalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukhiqizwe ngokubeka, kunconywa ukuthatha lezo ziqu eziye zaphela.
Hoya - isitshalo esithakazelisayo nesimnandi. Ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi nokukhiqiza. Ngokuphatha kahle, uzobona ukuqhakaza kwawo njalo ngonyaka.
