Konke mayelana nokutshala imbewu ye-basil ezitshalweni

I-Basil iyimifino enomuncu ebizwa ngokuthi iyigugu yengqamuzana layo elingenakuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo. Abalimi abaningi baqala ukukhuphula le spice emagcekeni abo, basebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo ubuchwepheshe obubili obuyinhloko: ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile kanye nendlela yokutshala.

Mayelana nalokhu okulandelayo futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko. Futhi futhi lapho kungcono ukutshala izithombo, yiziphi izinhlobo zesipinashi ezifaneleke kakhulu kulezi zinhloso, yikuphi okudingekayo okusanhlamvu, ukuthi yiliphi ikhono lokusebenzisa, indlela yokutshala nendlela yokunakekela izithombo esikhathini esizayo.

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala nini?

Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sezitshalo ezitshalwe kufanele kube izinsuku ezingu-45 kuya kwezingu-60. Ngcono nini ukuhlwanyela imbewu izithombo? Ukuze unqume usuku lokuhlwanyela imbewu, kubalulekile ukubala inombolo ekhonjisiwe yezinsuku kusukela ngosuku olulindelekile lokutshala endaweni evulekile, enezela izinsuku ezingu-10 ezidingekayo ukuze kuvele amahlumela.

Usuku olulinganisiwe lokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kuxhomeke esifundeni: eningizimu ye-basil yezwe ingatshalwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, futhi enyakatho ngoJuni. Konke kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu: inhlabathi kufanele ifuthe kuze kube ngu -15, futhi isongo seqhwa kufanele singabi khona. Ngenxa yalokho, abaseNingizimu Afrika bangase baqale ukuhlwanyela phansi ngoFebhuwari, kanti izakhamuzi zehlobo zenyakatho-ntshonalanga - ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezifanele ukukhula?

• "Ukuqanjwa". Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zakuqala. Amaqabunga aluhlaza kulezi zihlukahlukene abhekwa ukunambitheka nephunga elimnandi, ngokucacile okukhumbuza ama-clove.
• "Isinamoni". Amaqabunga ama-purple anambitha wesinamoni, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza amasaladi.
• "Violet". Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala eziphakathi. Amaqabunga ayo amakhulu, abomvu obomvu anenhlama eqhubekayo ye-allspice.
• "Ararat". Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakathi nendawo ze-mid-season namaqabunga e-blue-violet, iphunga le-pepper kanye ne-aniseed.

Indlela yokulungisa okusanhlamvu?

Imbewu yezinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-2 kumele igcinwe emanzini afudumele, iguqula amanzi njalo amahora ayishumi kuya kwangu-12. Emanzini, ungangezela, ngokusho kwemiyalelo, ukukhula okukhuthazayo, isibonelo, "Appin" noma "Zircon". Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection, kutuswa ukuwacwilisa amahora angu-1-2 kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.

Ukukhethwa kwamathangi nenhlabathi yokuhlwanyela

Pot

Cabanga lapho kungcono ukutshala imbewu ye-basil. Abanye balimi ukukhulisa izithombo basebenzisa izindlela ezingavamile zokuhlwanyela imbewu yesipelisi: othile ubahlwanyela "enkonzweni", omunye umuntu ozokwelapha. Kodwa umsizi ongenalwazi ebhizinisini legadi engcono kakhulu ukuba asebenzise indlela yokudala yezithombo ezikhulayo - imbewu yokuhlwanyela emhlabathini, ehlanganiswe esitsheni.

Njengesitsha, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo:

• iziqukathi zokudla epulasitiki, amathrekhi epulasitiki;
• abadwebi bangakwazi ukuhlanganisa ibhokisi ngezandla zabo kusuka ezigcawini, plywood;
• I-cassettes yambewu, i-peat noma ikhadibhodi izindebe zingathengwa ngale njongo.

Isiqukathi esikhethiwe kufanele sifanelane kalula kwi-sill window, ngakho-ke leli qiniso kufanele licatshangelwe uma ukhetha isitsha. Okufanelekile, ukujula kwesitsha akufanele kudlulele amamentimitha angu-7 ukuya kwangu-8, noma ubukhulu bomhlabathi obunqamule, obugcwala kwisitsha, kufanele bufinyelelwe kulezi zinkomba.

Umhlaba

I-Basil ingcono ukutshala enhlabathini evulekile, enomsoco, nge-high air and water permmeability. Isibonakaliso esihle se-acidity yenhlabathi ngu-pH 5.5 - 6.5.

Ngokuqondene nokubunjwa, i-substrate kufanele ibe nezingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile: isisekelo, i-baking powder, umanyolo. Ingxenye ebalulekile efakwe esitsheni ngaphezu komhlabathi kufanele ibe uhlaka lwamanzi lwebumba elandisiwe, amatshe amatshe, izitini eziphukile, izingcezu ze-foam.

Nazi izinketho ezimbalwa zenhlabathi, okwakhiwa kwayo kufaneleka utshani obomuncu:

• Indawo yaseJalimane, i-humus (umquba), i-coconut fiber ku-1: 1: 2.
• Izingxenye ezingu-4 ze-peat, izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus, ingxenye engu-1 yesihlabathi somfula.
• Umquba, i-peat, isihlabathi somfula ku-2: 4: 1.

Ukufika

Ake sihlaziye isinyathelo ngesinyathelo inqubo yokuhlwanyela kanjani imbewu ye-spice..

1. Lungiselela konke okudingayo: imbewu, isitsha, i-substrate, amanzi, i-spatula, i-spray ngamanzi afudumele, utshwala, isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, ipensela, ifilimu (ingilazi).
2. Thela i-substrate elungiselelwe kwi-tray yokubhaka ngobuningi obungaphezu kwama-5 cm bese ubeka kuhhavini uphezulu ukuya ku-75 ° C - 95 ° C imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwangu-40.
3. Phatha isitsha ngotshwala, hlanza ukukhipha isisombululo esibomvu se-potassium permanganate.
4. Ngaphansi kwesitsha ukugcwalisa amanzi (2 cm), ke-inhlabathi edingekayo ukuba ihlanganiswe futhi ifakwe kahle.
5. Izitshalo zomanyolo zingasetshenziswa: isigamu sesipuni sesipuni se-superphosphate, i-potassium sulfate, i-chloride ye-potassium ne-urea zichitheka ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi ase-distilled.
6. Ngosizo lwepensela ngendlela yokucindezela engxenyeni ephezulu yenhlabathi, ama-grooves akwenziwa ngokujula kwe-0.5 cm lapho kufakwa khona imbewu. Ungakwazi ukumane ubeke ngaphandle kwe-substrate.
7. Imbewu kufanele ihlanganiswe nomhlaba (5 - 10 mm).
8. Uhlaka olungaphezulu luchotshoziwe ngesandla, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi imbewu ayikho phezulu.
9. Isitsha sinamathele ifilimu (embozwe ngilazi) futhi ifakwe emthunzini nasendaweni efudumele (+ 25С - + 28С).

Sikunikeza ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokutshala imbewu ye-basil yezithombo:

Ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo futhi ngabe liphansi yini?

Kunezinketho ezimbili, indlela yokugcina ibanga elidingekayo phakathi kwamahlumela ase-basil. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izitshalo ezincane zithole indawo yentuthuko kanye nesikhala esanele sempande yokudla.

1. Uma uhlwanyela, imbewu ingafakwa ngokulinganayo kude no-5 kuya ku-8 cm komunye nomunye no-10 cm phakathi kwemigqa. Le ndlela izothatha isikhathi esiningi futhi izodinga ukukhwabanisa kumgadi wensimu, ngoba imbewu imincane kakhulu.
2. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngendlela ehlukumezayo, bese ihlaselwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Ungakwenza okunye: ubeke kancane izithombo ezithandeni, ukhethe abaqine kakhulu kubo, ugcine ibanga lika 8 - 10 cm.

Ngokufushane mayelana nokunakekelwa okwengeziwe

Ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, isitsha kufanele siqinisekiswe ngefilimu noma sigcwele ingilazi, okumele ivule ngezikhathi ezithile emoyeni futhi ifakwe emhlabathini.

Ngemuva kokuthi izithombo zokuqala zivele ngaphansi komhlaba (ngemva kwesonto nengxenye), ifilimu (ingilazi) isusiwe, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lihlehlela ku-16C - + 20C, futhi isitsha sibheke kahle futhi sivikelwe endaweni yesikhangiso noma sinikezwe ukukhanyisa fitolampa.

Izithombo zidinga ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile (kanye ngezinsuku ezimbili, ezinsukwini ezishisayo - nsuku zonke) nokudla: emva kokuvela kwezithombo, inhlabathi ichithelwa nesisombululo sokhuni (10 g lomlotha ngamanzi 1 l). Khona-njalo amasonto amabili kuya kwangu-3: ama-gramu angu-4 we-superphosphate ne-ash ash, ama-gramu angu-2 e-ammonium nitrate ahlakazwa ngamalitha angu-5 amanzi ase-distilled.

Njengoba kufika amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, izithombo zihlala eziqukathi ezihlukene. Ku-container jikelele kuyadingeka ukuba uhambise kahle umhlabathi, ususe ngokucophelela izitshalo bese uzibeka ezimbizeni ezihlukene noma embhedeni ebamba lokushisa.

Qaphela! Izitshalo emva kokudilika ungamanzi izinsuku ezingu-5.

Lapho izithombo zizoba namaqabunga amaqiniso angama-5, phezulu kufanele kukhonjiwe ukuze kuvuselelwe i-branching esebenzayo ye-basil bush. Futhi ngezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-15 ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, iziqukathi ezinezithombo kufanele zithathwe ukuze zikhuni emoyeni ovulekile.

Sikunikeza ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezithombo ze-basil:

Ukwazi izigaba eziyinhloko nazo zonke izinkolelo zenqubo yokukhula kwezithombo ze-basil ezivela imbewu, umgadi wegadi ngeke kube nzima ukucebisa isigaba sakhe kanye netafula nge spice ewusizo futhi enhle kakhulu eyakhula yedwa.