Dahlia - indlovukazi yezimbali zasekwindla. Uqhubeka ukuqhakaza kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, lapho ezinye izimbali seziphelile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dahlia ayinzima ukunakekela lesi sitshalo. Namuhla, abalimi abaningi, kanye nokuphela kwesikhathi, baqala ukutshala ama-dahlias wonyaka, ukulima nokugcinwa okungabangela inkathazo enkulu.
Uyazi?UDahlia waziwa kusukela ngesikhathi samaNdiya namaMaztec amaNdiya. Iziqu zalo zazisetshenziswe njengamapayipi amanzi, kanye nezimpande - ukupheka. EYurophu, lezi zimbali zavela ngekhulu le-XVIII.
Indlela yokuqoqa imbewu yokutshala
Ukukhethwa kwembewu yokutshala i-dahlias yonyaka kuncike ekuthandweni kanye nezifiso zomlimi wensimu. Uma ufuna ukuthola izimbali zakuqala, khetha izinhlobo ezincane. Izitshalo ezinjalo azisebenzisi amandla amaningi ekukhuleni futhi ziyaqhakaza ngaphambi kwabanye. Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu:
- "Abafana abahle" - ezihlukahlukene ezincane, kuze kube ngu-70 cm ukuphakama. Imibala ehlukahlukene;
- "Figaro" - ezihlukahlukene zakuqala, kufika ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Ihlukana nokubala okugqamile kwezimbali;
- "Pompon Mix" - ukuphakama kungu-70-120 cm. Izimbali zikhanya kakhulu, ngendlela yama-pompons, zigcinwa isikhathi eside emva kokusika;
- "Izikhumba Zomisa Izikhukhula" - izitshalo eziphansi, kufika ku-70 cm. Izimbali ezinemibili, zihlakaza. Esiqhingini esisodwa singakhula kuze kube yizimbali eziyi-10;
- "Hast Dandy" - aphansi, afika ku-55 cm. Ayingxenye ye-collar dahlia. Izihlahla ezinkulu ezinamahlumela, ezingaqhakaza izimbali eziyi-15. Amapulangwe anombala obomvu, obomvu noma obomvu nomngcele omhlophe.
Indlela yokukhetha ezihlukahlukene zama-dahlias wonyaka
Ukuze ungenzi iphutha ekukhetheni izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-dahlia, nquma ukuthi uzoyihlwanyela kuphi nokuthi uzotshalaphi. Namuhla, izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezitshalo zidayiswa, zihluka ngokuphakama, umbala wezimbali, isikhathi sokuqhakaza, uhlobo lwezimpaphe kanye namafihlethi. Ukuze i-flowerbed ibonakale ngokuvumelana, qaphela lapho uthenga imbewu ukutshala ukuphakama kanye nesikhathi sokumbali.
Sifunda isembozo
Lapho uthenga imbewu, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ulwazi ngemibala ephaketheni. (ephaketheni elilodwa ungathola ukuxuba kwezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene - ukuphakama okufanayo, kodwa ngemibala ehlukene). Uma ufuna ukutshala ama-dahlias eceleni komngcele, khetha izinhlobo ezincane (ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-45 cm). Ukuze imibhede yemifula, ama-dahlias afaneleka kancane kancane - kufika ku-60 cm.
Uma utshala ama-dahlias ngezithombo, ukutshala iphethini
Ukuze izitshalo zakho zikhule kahle futhi zisheshise izimbali, kufanele wazi Indlela yokutshala ama-dahlias kwizithombo: 
- imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo yenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli;
- imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini akhethekile noma izitsha zezithombo;
- inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-peat kanye nesihlabathi ngokulinganisa oku-1: 1 ngokungezwa kwezinto zemvelo (perlite);
- imbewu itshalwe enhlabathini: uthele umcengezi wesihlabathi oswakanyisiwe phansi kwetangi, lapho imbewu isakazwa ngokulinganayo;
- phezulu ngendwangu encane yomxube wehlabathi ophekiwe;
- ukumboza nge-foil bese ufake izinsuku ezingu-7 endaweni efudumele (25 ° С).
Kubalulekile!Isonto ngaphambi kokukhethwa, umhlabathi udinga ukufudumala ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi futhi ungasetshenziswa nge-solution ye-manganese (isixazululo sithukuthele ku-70° С). Ukwelashwa okunesixazululo se-potassium permanganate kufanele kwenziwe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokukhethwa kwezithombo ukubuyisela i-microflora evamile yenhlabathi.Kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi impande yesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile. Izithombo zitshalwe emhlabathini ngaphambi kokushiya amaqabunga kuqala, bese zifafaza ngobumnene umhlaba. Ngemuva kokukhetha, izithombo ziphuziswa ebhodleleni le-spray.
I-Dahlias itshalwe phakathi no-May.
Indlela yokutshala ama-dahlias
Ukuze imizamo yakho ingabi yize, futhi izimbali zamukelwa kahle futhi zivumelaniswe ensimini, kufanele wazi lapho utshala izithombo ze-dahlia. Uma i-dahlia isitshalwe kahle, izothola ngokushesha futhi ziyaqhakaza.
Ukutshala imbewu ehlwanyelwe emhlabathini
Ukutshala imbewu ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini kwenziwa maphakathi no-May. Isimo sezulu sesivele sishisa, asikho ingozi yamahlumela okungazelelwe noma i-snap ebandayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo kudingeka zikhuni. Ukwenza lokhu, phakathi nesonto kukhishwa ama-dahlias emgwaqeni imizuzu emihlanu, kancane kancane ukwandisa isikhathi esichithekile emoyeni ovulekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunciphisa kancane izinga lokushisa ekamelweni nge izithombo, ukuze kube okufanayo ngaphandle.
Kubalulekile!Uma ukhulisa izithombo ngezimbiza zobumba, uthele kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala phansi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukususa ngokushesha futhi kalula isitshalo esincane ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande.
Indawo yokutshala i-dahlias yonyaka
I-Dahlias yizitshalo ezithisa ukushisa, ngakho-ke uhlangothi olukhanyayo lwesakhiwo ngaphandle kwemidwebo nomoya yindawo enhle yokutshala. Uma utshala izimbali ezindaweni ezibunjiwe, zizoqala ukwelula, futhi umbala uzoba obala. Akunconywa ukutshala ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma eduze nokusakaza izihlahla.
Dahlias wonyaka: iphethini lokufika
Ngokuvamile iDahlias ukudlulisa ukufakelwa kokushisa ukushisa ukuze kuvuleke umhlaba. Izimbali zitshalwe ezindaweni eziseningizimu ngoMeyi, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho - ekuqaleni kukaJune. 
- Indawo yokufika ifuna ukupheka ekwindla. Ground kumele iguwe, ifakwe umanyolo futhi imakethe imibhede noma imibhede yembali.
- Entwasahlobo, endaweni ekhethiwe, udinga ukumba imigodi bese wengeza umlotha nomquba kubo.
- Tshala izithombo ngokujula kwama-6-8 cm emithonjeni (ekujuleni kwamapheshana okuqala).
- Kuthelwa ngamalitha angu-4-5 wamanzi bese uphahla isihlahla.
Indlela yokunakekela ama-dahlias wonyaka
Ngokungafani nokuphela kwesikhathi, ku ukutshala dahlia wonyaka nokunakekelwa kulula kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba izithombo seziqalile, izikhathi eziningana kudingeka ufeze umanyolo futhi ungakhohlwa ngokuphuza.
Ukunisela nokutshala izitshalo
Ama-Dahlias athuliswa njengoba inhlabathi ikhala futhi ngemuva kokugqoka. Kwanele ukwenza lokhu izikhathi 3-4 ngeviki ekuseni. Akunakwenzeka ukuba amanzi emithonjeni ahlume, angabangela ukubola kwezimpande.
Ukutshala izitshalo kwenziwa kabili ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali nama-fertilizer jikelele. Uma kufika izimbali kufanele usebenzise umquba, okufaka i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Umlotha ungasetshenziswa njengomanyolo, njengoba kuningi lwe-potassium kuwo, futhi uzosiza izitshalo ukuthola amandla.
Imithetho yokusika izitshalo
Ukutshala kuthokozise thina ngezinqwaba zezimbali, kufanele kukhishwe. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukususa amahlumela engeziwe ngaphezulu. Ukudubula dahlia kwenziwa for thinning ehlathini, ukuvimbela izifo fungal kanye nokulawula izinambuzane. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, lesi sitshalo sizogcwala amahlumela ngaphandle kwezimbali, kuzokhula futhi kuzoba nokubukeka kwe-scruffy ne-sloppy.
Ukunciphisa kwenziwa nge-blade noma i-pruner. Izindawo zokusikeka zifafazwe ngamalahle ngenxa yokucwiliswa kwe-disinfection. Ungadli ilanga elikhanyayo noma sezulu elimanzi. Lokhu kungaholela ekomisweni kwesitshalo noma, ngokuphambene, ukubola kwayo.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
I-Dahlias ingahlushwa izifo nezinambuzane ezinakekelwa kahle. Uma uyazi indlela yokunakekela ama-dahlias ukuhlwanyela nokuhlanza kahle inhlabathi, ukufeza izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi ngesikhathi sokubhekana nezinkinga ezivelele, lesi sitshalo ngeke sihlupheke. I-dahlia ihlushwa izifo ze-fungal: i-white white, i-fusarium wilt, i-gray gray ne-brown, njll.
Ukuze ulwe nezifo ze-fungal, kufanele utshale izitshalo ohlangothini olumile, lube mncane ngaphandle kwe-flowerbeds, lubhubhise izitshalo ezigulayo futhi uphathe nge-fungicides yesenzo se-systemic - Fundazole, Oxyhom.
Uyazi? Ngeshwa, izifo zegciwane aziphathwe. Izitshalo ezigulayo zibhujiswa, futhi ziphilile izinyathelo zokuzivikela (ukuphalaza izinambuzane).
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zama-dahlias yizi: aphid, nematode, iklabishi scoop, scoop-gamma, slugs, whitefly, thrips. Ukuze kulawulwe izinambuzane eziphumelelayo, izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele zithathwe: ukususwa kokhula, ukubuthwa kwamabhungane kanye nezimbungu, ukumba nokugqoka inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala.Uma ukuhlukunyezwa sekuye kwasakazeka, sebenzisa izindlela eziphilayo, ezemvelo - Lepidocid, i-Bitoxibacillin. Amakhemikhali asebenzisa uhlobo lwezinambuzane Iskra-M, Fufanon.
Ngakho ngazi konke mayelana nama-dahlias, ukutshala nokulima kwabo ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi, futhi umphumela uzokujabulela ngezimbali eziningi. Lezi zitshalo zigcina ubuhle bensimu kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla, futhi izingoma nezimbali zigcinwa isikhathi eside.
