I-Beetroot ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zetasiko ezihlwanyelwe eRussia. Unomusa omuhle othakazelisayo futhi ubonakala ukungabi khona kwamagceke ase-cylindrical, okubalulekile ukunambitha.
Lezi zihlukahlukene azizithobeki ekunakekeleni, kodwa namanje ama-nuances ayadingeka ukucabangela. Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngemithetho yokutshala nokukhathalela okuqhubekayo, kanye nokuvimbela izifo ezivamile. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, umgadi wensimu uzothola umvuzo omkhulu ngokuvuna.
Incazelo
I-rosette encane yezinyosi ikhula ngokuqondile. Amaqabunga ama-oval ane-streaks ebomvu, aqoshwe ngombala obala obala, abe nemiphetho ye-wavy. Izithelo zesimo esizungezile zibhekene ne-smooth and smooth to the surface surface kanye ne-sheen enhle kakhulu. Isikhumba sinemibala ebomvu. I-pulp yamanzi enhlanganisela eminyene ihluke kumnandi omuhle omnandi. Isisindo sezimpande izitshalo zihluka kusuka ku 160 kuya kuma-350 amagremu. Ububanzi bemifino yilezi eziyishumi - amasentimitha ayishumi nambili. Isimpande se-axial sigcwele umbala we-violet.
Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa izinga eliphezulu lokuvunwa: kusuka ku-kilogram eziyisihlanu zezithelo zingaqoqwa kusuka emitha yemitha yokutshala. I-hekta elilodwa elilodwa lingaveza cishe amathani amane wezithelo eziphezulu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziphikisayo zihlangana kuphela ngamaphesenti amabili wamacala, okuyisibalo esincane kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ukuvuthwa okuphakathi, okusho ukuthi izimpande zokuqala zingavuna zingakapheli izinyanga ezine emva kokutshala.
Isithombe sezitshalo
Lapha ungabona ukuthi i-Mulatka ithebhu yebhedi ibonakala kanjani:
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-mulatto zingezokuhlukahluka kokuzaliswa kwezilwane, njengoba zakhishwa ososayensi baseRussia cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Uhlu olubanzi lwezinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwesithombo sebhitrudi luye lwaziswa kwamanye amazwe amaningi, futhi manje alukhuliswanga nje kuphela eRussia, kodwa naseMoldova, nase-Ukraine. Ukuthandwa kwezilwane ezihlukahlukene kukhula njalo ngenxa yokunambitheka okukhulu kwezithelo kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina kahle kakhulu.
Umehluko kwabanye
Ukuhluka okubizwa "I-Mulatto" inezinzuzo ezinkulu ezihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi. Emaspini enomsolo amanzi awekho amasongo omhlophe angama-cylindrical, konke ukuvumelana kuyahambisana. Lesi sici sibalulekile ngoba izindandatho ze-cylindrical zinciphisa kakhulu ukunambitheka kwama-beet ngesikhathi sokupheka.
"I-Mulatto" inhle kakhulu ekuhlolweni kokucubungula, hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokulondoloza ukunambitheka okumnandi, kodwa futhi ukungahambi kombala ocebile we-burgundy ongalahlekelwa ngisho nangesikhathi ukwelashwa okushisa.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
"I-Mulatto" inehlu olubanzi lwezinzuzookuyinto evelele izinkinga ezingenzeka. Izinzuzo zeBanga:
- ukuchithwa kokubunjwa komhlabathi;
- ukungabi namasongo ahlanzekile amancane anqanda ukunambitheka;
- ukulondolozwa kombala ogcwele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa;
- ukunambitheka okumnandi kwezitshalo zezimpande;
- Ukuphila okude eside - amabhontshisi angadliwa ebusika;
- ukumelana ne-tsvetushnosti nokushisa kwehla;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukulondolozwa kwesethulo ngesikhathi sokuhamba, okuvumela ukulima kwezitshalo ngesilinganiso sezimboni;
- amazinga aphansi okulahlwa;
- amathuba okukhula ezindaweni ezizimele kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zasemapulazini;
- ukumelana nokubukeka kwemicibisholo.
Phakathi kokungaphumeleli, kunomphumela owodwa kuphela omubi - okudingayo mayelana nezinga lokukhanyisa.
Isicelo
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinyosi "Mulatto" zisetshenziselwa ukupheka ngenxa yokungabikho kwamasongo okuwohloka ukunambitheka nokugcina umbala wangempela ngisho nangemva kokuvezwa kokushisa. Imifino yale mibala ihle kakhulu ukupheka ukudla okudumile eRussia okuthiwa "borsch".
Ijika ngokubomvu okugcwele ngoba umbala awulahlekile ngaphansi kwethonya lomuthi wokushisa. Izithelo zifanelekela ukulondolozwa nokulungiselela ama-saladi, isibonelo, i-vinaigrette edumile. "I-Mulatto" ivame ukuba umkhiqizo kufakwe kwimenyu yokudla. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinto eziwusizo eziqukethwe kubhontshisi, lisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko., ukuqinisa imithwalo yegazi, ukuvuselela ukucindezelwa kwegazi nokusekela umsebenzi wenhliziyo.
Ukukhula
Ukutshala isithombo sebhitrudi obomvu ensimini kudinga ukuba nolwazi oluthile nokuqwashisa ama-nuances of ukulima kwemifino.
Ukuthenga nokulungiselela izinto
Ungathenga imbewu yezinto ezihlukahlukene "i-Mulatto" kuyo yonke indawo ezitolo zokulima noma nge-intanethi. Izindleko zesaka ezimbili-gram yezinhlobo ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-ruble eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingamashumi amabili, kuye ngokuthi isifunda sokuhlala.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile noma esitsheni, imbewu ikulungele ukuze izithombo zivele ngaphambili. Ukwenza lokhu, hlanganisa isisombululo samalitha ayishumi amanzi, isipuni se-baking soda, inani elifanayo le-superphosphate kanye nomuthi wokhuni. Izinto zokutshala zithelelwa ngamanzi amahora amabili, bese zigeza ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele bese zifakwa endwangu eyomile.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Ama-beet angatshalwa endaweni evulekile ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Ukubhekisela okuyinhloko yizinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi: umhlaba kufanele ufudumele kuze kube yizicucu eziyishumi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayishumi.
Ukukhethwa kweSayithi nokulungiselelwa kwenhlabathi
Izinhlobonhlobo zidinga izinga eliphakeme lokukhanyisa, ngakho-ke isithombo sebhitrudi sithatha indawo evulekile ngokufinyelela ekukhanyeni kwelanga. I-"mulatto" ingakhula cishe kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, kodwa ayikwazi ukutshala ezindaweni ze-marshy. Kuyadingeka ukuba unake izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi: i-beet ikhululekile emhlabathini nge-pH ephansi noma engathathi hlangothi.
Lapho ukhetha isayithi kufanele usebenzise isimiso sokujikeleza kwezitshalo. Izandulela phambili zezinyosi kukhona: anyanisi, utamatisi, amazambane, ukhukhamba. Indawo lapho iklabishi neziqathe ezivame ukukhula azifanelekile. Eceleni ne-beet bayalwa ukuba batshale anyanisi, ama-radishes, ubhontshisi kanye namakhukhamba. Isipinashi, i-leek, amazambane, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kanye nommbila akufanelekele isiko. Kungenzeka ukubuyisela ama-beet endaweni yangaphambili kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu noma emine.
Lungisa inhlabathi yokutshala ekwindla. Okokuqala, bakhipha yonke ukhula, bese bemba umhlaba bese wengeza ama-fertilizer: ama-kilogram ayishumi omquba, ama-humus noma umquba ngamamitha ayi-square. Amagremu ama-400 noma ama-500 e-hydrated lime afakwa enhlabathini ngezinga eliphezulu le-asidi.
Inqubo yokutshala
Hlwanyela beet emhlabathini ovulekile ngezindlela ezimbili: umugqa owodwa noma umugqa owodwa. Indlela ye-single-line ihilela ukufika emgqeni, ehlukaniswe omunye komunye ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane nanhlanu. Indlela yesibili ihilela ukwakhiwa kwemigqa emibili ebangeni lamamentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi kudalwa enye imigqa emine imigqa yamasentimitha amahlanu ukusuka eqenjini langaphambilini.
Ukulandelana kwezenzo zokuhlwanyela kanje:
- ama-groove aphuziswa kahle, elinde kuze kube yilapho umswakama ubambelele ngokuphelele;
- imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini, igcine ibanga lamamitha amahlanu noma ayishumi, iwaphonsa ekujuleni kwamamitha amathathu;
- ukutshala okuhlanganiswe nenhlabathi;
- sisuka ekuthumeni ngamasentimitha ayishumi, senza ukhula nge-hoe evamile ukuze i-oksijini ifinyelele kubhontshisi abatshalwe ngaphandle kokuvimbela.
Kubalulekile! Kusukela imbewu ngayinye uthola izitshalo eziningana, ngakho-ke ukuhlwanyela okuncane kungenakugwema. Lapho nje amahlumela avela amaqabunga amabili, ukucwiliswa kwenziwa, kushiya ibanga elingamakhilomitha amabili phakathi kwezithombo. Isikhathi sesibili abasebenzisa le nqubo emva kokuthuthukiswa kwamapheshana amane noma amahlanu.
Ukushisa kokuqukethwe
Ukushisa okukhulu kokuhluma kungama-degrees angu-20., nakuba ziqala ukuhluma ezindaweni eziphansi. Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa, ama-beet azizwa ekhululekile uma umoya uqhuma kuze kube yizicathulo ezingamashumi amathathu.
Ukunisela
Ama-beet ayanisela cishe kabili ngesonto, egxile esimweni somhlabathi. Isomiso nesimiso esinomsoco sinomthelela omubi esimweni sezilimo eziyizigaxa. Esikhathini sokuqala, bazoyeka isikhathi esinzima nesicindezelekile, esinciphile. Ukwedlulela ngokweqile kwenzelwa ukukhuphuka kwesithelo nokubola kwesistimu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ahlukanisiwe ukuphuza ukushisa emoyeni. Amanzi ashubile ayithinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.
Ukuvimbela inkinga
Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokulima ama beet. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubonakala kwama-aphid nesihlangu sesibhakabhaka, baqaphela ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, balahle ukhula ngesikhathi esifanele bese bemba phansi. Bavimbela ukutholakala kwe-beet flea ngokuphatha umhlabathi ngamapulangwe. Amathuba okuthuthukiswa komkhuhlane we-powdery ayoshabalala uma kungekho isikhathi sokususa izinsalela zezitshalo esakhiweni bese ulandela imigomo yokujikeleza kwezitshalo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Lesi sitshalo sidla njalo ukuze sithole isivuno esicebile nesempilo. I-beet ngokukhethekile njengemvelo yemanyolo ephilayo. Emva kokuqothula kokuqala, engeza amagremu angu-10 we-potassium chloride ne-superphosphate, kanye nama-gramu angu-5 e-ammonium nitrate ngomitha wendawo ngayinye.
Isixazululo esifanele esenziwe nge-mullein noma i-bird droppings. Ngamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ayisithupha ukufika kuzodinga amalitha ayishumi nambili esisombululo. Hlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemanyolo ayikwazi. Lapho nje izithombo zikhula kangangokuthi ziqala ukuthinta amaqabunga nezitshalo eziseduze, zenze esinye isidlo. Umlotha wokhuni uhlakazekile embhedeni (eyodwa ingilazi ngamamitha ayi-1.5 square), emva kwalokho umhlaba uchitheka.
Okunye ukunakekelwa
Ngemuva kokunisela, inhlabathi isuke ikhululiwe ukuze igweme ukubonakala kwenhlabathi. Inqubo izosiza umoya ukuba ufinyelele kalula ezimpandeni, okuzokhula ngokwengeziwe ngokufinyelela kwawo mahhala. Enye inqubo ebalulekile yokwelashwa isusa, esusa zonke izitshalo ezinokhula ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinyosi.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Ukutshala kuvuna ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa lokuqala. Okokuqala, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zihlangana ne-pitchforks futhi zisuse umhlaba owandayo. Ukusebenzisa ummese obukhali, usike phezulu. Ungagcina izithelo ezingabonakali izimpawu zokubola nokulimala. Izitshalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme eliphezulu ezibekiwe emabhokisini noma eziqukathi ezinqabeni eziningana, ezihlukanisa omunye nomunye nge-shavings noma sawdust. Gcina isivuno emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku-zero kuya kuma-degree amabili.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Uma uphula izimo zokuboshwa, lesi sitshalo sizobuthakathaka futhi sihlaselwe yizifo eziphazamisayo, futhi siyoba nezifo ezibhekene nezifo. Abasimili abakha i-Mulatka kumele baqaphele isikhumba se-powdery, utshani lwempande, i-fomoz, i-kagatnaya yokubola, i-aphid, isihlangu se-beetle nesithombo sebhontshisi. Zonke izinkinga ziqedwa ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo akhethekile.
I-mulatto beet yizinto ezihlukahlukene ezivame ukukhula ezinsimini zezithelo eziningi zaseRussia. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimnandi zifanelekile ukulungiselela ukulungiselela ukudla nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yendabuko.
