Isidakamizwa kubhekwa njengesitshalo esithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Lezimpande ziwusizo kakhulu, zinamavithamini amanengi, umzimba awudinga kakhulu entwasahlobo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngobuqili bokutshala kuka-Ephreli kwemifino eminingi ethandekayo yezimpande.
Ungafunda imiyalelo eningiliziwe ngenqubo yokuhlwanyela futhi ufunde nge-nuances ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwemifino.
Kungenzeka yini ukutshala isithombo phakathi nalesi sikhathi?
Lesi siko kubamelana nokubandayoNgakho-ke, kungenzeka futhi kuyadingeka ukuyihlwanyela emhlabathini ngo-Ephreli. Ukutshala isitshalo sezimpande kakhulu kuneminye imifino, ukugcina imigomo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlwanyela, ungathola ngokushesha isivuno esihle sama-radishes asanda kumanzi. Ukutshala, akudingekile ukuba unikeze ingxenye ethile yomhlaba, ama-radishes angatshalwa embhedeni lapho imifino ethanda ukushisa izotshala khona emva kwayo. Lapho umzuzu wokutshala izithombo kamuva emhlabathini, isithombo sizoba nesikhathi sokuvuthwa, futhi isivuno sizovunwa.
Izici
Ukushisa okukhulu kokuhlwanyela isithombo ngo-Ephreli kungu-+10 degrees. Futhi uma izinga lokushisa lihluma kufika ku-13-15 degrees, khona-ke amahlumela okuqala azovela ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukukhula okusheshayo kwesiko kudinga izinga lokushisa lomoya kusuka ku- +10 kuya ku-20 degrees.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezithandekayo, isivuno sokuqala sesithombo sesithombo singatholakala zingakapheli amasonto amathathu. Kodwa ngisho nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ngezansi isilinganiso asiholeli ekufeni kwezithombo. Isithombo sikwazi ukulwa ngisho nesithwathwa ebusweni bomhlabathi. Yingakho intwasahlobo yokutshala ama-radishes ahluke kakhulu emigomo yokutshala ezinye imifino.
Yini ehlukile ngokuhlwanyela kwenye inyanga?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ama-radishes kufanele atshalwe ngo-Ephreli. Omunye wabo wukuthi ngo-Ephreli inhlabathi isagcwele umswakama ngemuva kweqhwa.
Umswakama uthathwa njenge-biostimulant yemvelo enamandla, ikhuthaza ukuhluma okusheshayo kwembewu. Ngakho-ke, umuntu akumele alinde ukuqala kokushisa nomzuzwana lapho inhlabathi izomiswa yimisebe yokuqala yelanga.
Esinye isizathu sokutshala ama-radishes ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemifino, ezitshalwe ngo-Ephreli, zikhula ngamanzi amaningi futhi zikhulu kunalokho, kodwa zatshalwe ngoMeyi.
Kungani ukhetha kule nyanga?
KuRussia ephakathi, kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela imbewu yesithombo emhlabathini ngokushesha nje lapho umhlabathi uqhuma kancane, okuyinyanga ka-Ephreli. Izinsuku ezincane zokukhanya (kufika emahoreni angu-10) zivumela lesi siko ukuba sikhulise ngokujulile imifino yezimpandeokuthinta ukuvuna.
Imifino enomsoco, eyamanzi, ekhukhulayo, enesithambile ekhula kahle kakhulu esimweni sezulu esibucayi nangosuku oluthile lokukhanya. Kodwa ukwanda kwesikhanyiso kusenza kuqaliswe "imicibisholo". Ngakho-ke, ukuhlwanyela ama-radishes emhlabathini akufanele kuhlehliselwe usuku olwedlule.
Okunye okunye Inzuzo yokuhlwanyela kokuqala ukungabikho kwezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha lapho imifino itshalwa khona, ingozi encane i-floral ekhuphukayo iyolimaza amaqabunga bese ibeka amaqanda phansi kwesitshalo sesitshalo, futhi izibungu ezincane zilimaza inyama enomsoco.
Kungcono nini ukuhlwanyela isithombo: yiziphi izinombolo?
Awekho imigomo yonke yokutshala isithombo, njengoba kuncike esifundeni, izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nenhlabathi, okuyizifunda ezahlukene ezifudumele ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Abalimi abaningi ekubaleni izinsuku zokutshala ama-radishes, ngaphezu kwezimo zesimo sezulu, futhi babhekisela kwikhalenda yenyanga, kucabangela imijikelezo yenyanga.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala isithombo esikhaleni sezinyanga? Kukholelwa ukuthi izigaba zenyanga zibalulekile uma utshala izitshalo ezahlukene. Inyanga ekhulayo isebenza ukuhamba kwamajusi engxenyeni engenhla yezitshalo, futhi izimpande zingenakulimala kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuba ukhula izitshalo ngalesi sikhathi. Kodwa inyanga ehlabayo yandisa ukukhula kwezakhi ezingaphansi komhlaba zezitshalo.
Ngokuqondene nesithombo, isikhathi esihle sokutshala siwukwehla kwenyanga, ngoba yizimpande ezithuthuka kangcono kulo mjikelezo. Kodwa akukho inyanga entsha noma inyanga egcweleyo efanelekile yokutshala imifino, nokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi emibhedeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungaqeda ukhula kuphela nezinambuzane kuphela.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo-nge-step: indlela yokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile?
Cabanga indlela yokutshala ama-radishes ngo-Ephreli.
Indlela yokukhetha ibanga futhi ngani?
Izinhlobo zesithombo zihlukana ngokulandelana futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
izinhlobo zakuqala (isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-17-25 noma ngaphansi);- izinhlobo eziphakathi (isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-25-30);
- izinhlobo zephuzile (isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-25-45).
izinhlobo zakuqala (isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinsuku ezingu-17-25 noma ngaphansi);Izinhlobo zokuqala zesithombo zifaneleke kakhulu ukutshala ngo-Ephreli, ngoba zincane kakhulu ukwesaba ama-frosts entwasahlobo.
Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ziyi:
- ezihlukahlukene "Ukushisa";
- ezihlukahlukene "Presto";
- ezihlukahlukene "Dawn";
- ibanga elithi "Ascania".
Izinhlobo zakuqala ziphikisana nokubandayo, ukuvuthwa okusheshayo (ezinsukwini ezingu-18-22 emva kokuhluma), ukumelana nezifo ze-fungal, i-srelkovanie encane.
Ungayithenga kuphi futhi ungakanani?
Izinto zembewu zingalawulwa nge-intanethi. Izindleko zezinhlobonhlobo zakudala zesithombo esithi "Dawn" zixhomeke kumkhiqizi, futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaruble angu-4. ngo-2 g ("i-Avista") kuze kufike ku-ruble angu-11. ngo-20 g ("i-nursery yaseTimiryazevsky"). Imbewu yesithombo "Okubomvu okuqala" okuvela kumenzi "Imbewu ephumelelayo" idla ama-ruble angu-11. 2 g Ukudilizwa kwezimpahla kukhokhwa (ama-ruble angu-250-350).
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini kufanele kwenziwe ukulungiselela, okuzokwenza kube khona inani lokuhluma.
Kubalulekile! Uma ngokucophelela ukhetho lwezinhlamvu eziphezulu, kuphakama iphesenti yokuhluma.
Ukulungiselela imbewu yokuhlwanyela kunezigaba eziningana:
- Ukukhethwa kwembewu yekhwalithi, ngaphandle kwamasampuli abonakalisiwe nabangalungile.
- Ukunqunywa kwembewu, lapho imbewu kufanele ichithe ngamanzi usawoti (50 g usawoti ngalunye 1 l amanzi) futhi ivumelekile ukuma imizuzu emibili, igqugquzela. Imbewu yekhwalithi izohlala phansi kwetangi.
- Ukuvimbela ukuvimbela imbewu emkhakheni we-potassium permanganate (1 mg ngelitha elilodwa lamanzi), lapho imbewu ehlanganiswe esikhwameni se-gauze kufanele ihliswe imizuzu engu-15, bese isomisiwe.
Ngemuva kokulungiselela imbewu yokutshala yokutshala, inqubo yokukhula ivuliwe kuzo, ngakho-ke, kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngokushesha emva kwemicimbi.
Inqubo
Ngokuvamile, ama-radishes atshalwe emigqeni. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle udinga ukulandela imithetho:
Izinga phezulu kombhede;- yenza imigqa ngokujula kwe-0.5-1 cm kude no-10 cm komunye nomunye;
- uthele imigqa elungiselelwe futhi uvumele amanzi angene emhlabathini;
- ukusabalalisa imbewu ebangeni elingu-5 cm komunye nomunye;
- ukufafaza kancane umhlaba futhi uqonde ukuze ususe ama-voids.
Izinga phezulu kombhede;Amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4. Ukusheshisa inqubo, ungakwazi ukufaka izitshalo zesibisi ngefilimu ubusuku, bese uyisusa ekuseni.
Enye indlela yokutshala ama-radishes kufanelekile kubalimi abanomhlaba omncane, lapho behlwanyela ama-radishes esendwangu eqhubekayo. Ukubeka imbewu ebangeni elihle komunye nomunye, ungasebenzisa ama-egg packaging.
Kulokhu:
- Ubuso bombhede bubekiwe;
- inhlabathi iyanisela kakhulu;
- Ukupakisha amaqanda kwenza izinkuni emhlabathini, ngokucindezela ngokucindezela phansi;
- imbewu ibekwe ngamaseli ashicilelwe (eyodwa ngayinye);
- Ukuhlwanyela kuyimpuphu nomhlaba futhi kuhlanganiswe kancane.
Ngezansi ungabuka ividiyo ngendlela yokuhlwanyela kahle imbewu yokusanhlamvu emaqanda amaqanda:
Ukunakekela isitshalo esincane
Isidakamizwa sithanda umswakama, ngakho ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okusebenzayo nokukhula ingadi kumele kube njalo. Ukuntula umswakama kuzosiza ekwakheni izimpande ezincane. Kodwa-ke, umswakama omkhulu akufanele ube, ngaphandle kwalokho isithombo sizoqala ukuphahlazeka.
Isikhathi semifino yale mifino sincane, ngakho lezo zifaka umquba ezitholwa emhlabathini ngaphambi kokutshala ziyokwanela ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuleni kwezithelo eziphezulu. Uma inhlabathi ingakhuliswa ngaphambi kokutshala, khona-ke isonto emva kokuvela kwamahlumela kuyadingeka ukondla isithombo ngezindaba eziphilayo. Lokhu kungase kube i-mullein ebolile, ehlanjululwe 1:10 noma umanyolo wezinkukhu ovutshiwe (1:20). Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyishumi, isithombo singathululelwa ngesisombululo somsoco (15 g we-potassium sulphide kanye no-20 g we-superphosphate ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi).
Kubalulekile! Umanyolo owandayo ungaholela ekukhuleni okwenyuka kakhulu kobumnyama obuningi nokubunjwa kwemicibisholo.
Ukuze uthole isivuno sekhwalithi, kufanele:
- ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-crusts emhlabathini emva kokunisela, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukuguqulwa okungajulile phakathi kwemigqa;
- qiniseka ukuthi ukhulula inhlabathi;
- ukhula olufika ngesikhathi oluvimbela ukukhula kwama-radishes;
- njengoba izithelo zivuthwa, zikhiqiza ukuvuna okukhethiwe ukuze sikwazi ukukhula kwezitshalo ezimpandeni eziseduze.
Izinkinga nezinkinga ekukhuleni
Azikho izinkinga ezithile ngokutshalwa kwesithombo ngo-Ephreli, njengoba kuqubuka. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa, lesi sitshalo singathinta i-cruciferous flea. Ukuze uvikeleke, udinga ukufafaza amahlamvu ngamapulangwe noma ugwayi, futhi uhlanganise amahlumela amancane.
Ukuqaphela imigomo yokutshala ama-radishes nemithetho elula yokunakekela isitshalo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi isivuno esihle kakhulu, sikunikeza amavithamini okuqala.
