U-Ahimenez uyilungu lomndeni wakwaGesneriev. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zalezi zikhula emhlabeni wonke. Indawo yase-Ahmenes - eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi, yaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-XVIII. Lesi sihloko sizokwazisa ngazo zonke izimfihlo zokutshala imbali ekhaya.
Uyazi? Ahimenez - isihlobo sama violets.
Izimo ezikhulayo ze-achimenez
U-Ahimenez ubizwa ngokuthi "imbali yemilingo" ngobuhle bayo. Uma ulandela ukunakekelwa kahle kwama-achimenes, lesi sitshalo sizokunika izimbali ezinhle.
Ukwakheka komhlaba
Umhlabathi omuhle kakhulu wesitshalo ukhululekile futhi ukhululeka kalula. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokubunjwa kwenhlabathi kuma-achimenes. Zonke zilungiselelwa ukulungiswa. I-Ahimenez ingakhula kokubili endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, ngokusekelwe ku-peat ngokungeziwe kwe-baking powder nama-fertilizer aphezulu, nangaphansi kwe-peat, i-coconut fiber, i-humus ne-vermiculite.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
U-Ahimenez uthanda izindawo ezikhanyayo nokukhanyisa okuhle. Ukuze lesi sitshalo siqhakaze ngenkathi ekhulayo, kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela ngembali e-window ekhanyisiwe. Iwindi kufanele libheke empumalanga noma empumalanga-mpumalanga.
Emthunzini wefasitela eliseningizimu isitshalo, njengoba imisebe yelanga ingalimaza amaqabunga okutshala. Ngesikhathi sokuqala kobuhle be-Ahimenez ukuhlelwa kabusha ngakwesokunxele esingenelanga. Ehlobo, thatha isitshalo kwi loggia noma veranda. I-Ahimenez kufanele ivikelwe kusuka ezikhathini kanye nelanga eliqondile. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izimbiza ezilenga.
Izimo zokushisa
Isitshalo sezindlu ezifana nama-achimanes sidinga ukushisa okulungile. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo nokuthuthukiswa (kusukela ekwindla kuya entwasahlobo) izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-24 ° C. Ebusika, i-18 ° С izakwanela, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi isitshalo sinesikhathi sokuphumula.
Kubalulekile! Amazinga okushisa kufanele ahliswe kancane kancane, njengoba izimpande zithola amandla okubamba ubusika obukhululekile.
Ehlobo sasehlobo, ungakwazi ukugcina u-achimenez ngokuphephile emoyeni, kuphela ukushisa ngaphandle kufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-20 ° C.
Amathiphu okunakekela ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwama-achimenes
Ukuphuza nokufaka umquba emhlabathini wesitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni ama-achimenes. Kulesi sigaba, sizokutshela ngamathiphu ekunakekeleni kahle imbali phakathi nenkathi yezimbali.
Phakathi nesigaba sokukhula esisebenzayo, isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okulinganisela njalo. Amanye ama-substrate ayedlulile, futhi lokhu kungaholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwamahlumela. Esikhathini sokuphelela kwesomiso kuholela ekusweleni kwezimbali.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela kufanele kube lula kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo siphuziswa emva kokuba umhlaba unomile futhi uphelele embizeni. Lokhu kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga. Ukufafaza imbali akuthandi, ngoba amaqabunga nezimbali bangalahlekelwa ukubukeka kwabo okuhlobisa.
Ukuphalaza kungasetshenziswa, kodwa kungabi ukuvuza, kodwa ngokusebenzisa isibhamu esincane. Ukondla i-achimenez encane idinga kaningi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuphuma. Ukutshala isitshalo kumele kube kanye ngesonto nge umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi zezitshalo zasendlini. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhakaza kufanele kufakwe umquba ophezulu we-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokugqoka usebenzisa i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Uyazi? Kubalimi abamatasa kuneziqu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezindongeni. Bangcwatshwa embizeni, futhi izakhi zokunisela ngamunye zikhishwa embizeni.
Okubalulekile ekunakekeleni kwe-achimenez kuyaxuba. Lokhu kwenziwa ezinyathelweni zokuqala. Ukuphoqa i-Ahimenez kuqala ngokubunjwa kwama-2-3 amaqabunga amaqabunga futhi njengama-new avela emahlumela amancane. Ungaphinda ukuphoqa kuze kuvele amaqabunga kuqala.
Umswakama womoya
U-Ahimenez yisitshalo esishisayo. I-moistuid air enhle kakhulu yi-60%. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukusifafaza, kwanele ukubeka i-flowerpot enedeni enezinduku ezimanzi.
Ungafaka futhi isitsha encane ngamanzi eduze kwe-achimenez. Hlanganisa lesi sitshalo akufanele, njengoba lokhu kuholela emabalazeni emaqabunga.
Uyazi? U-Ahmenez wachazwa ngo-1754 nguPatrick Brown, owayehlola uJamesica nendawo ezungezile ngaleso sikhathi.
Izici zokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwembali
Isikhathi sokuphumula ekhaya sase-achimenez singaphezu kwezinyanga ezingu-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxenye yomhlabathi iyafa. NgoSeptemba, lesi sitshalo siyeka ukukhula, asifaki amaqabunga amasha, kanti amaqabunga aphendukile futhi afe.
Konke lokho kusikisela ukuthi umlimi wezitshalo kumele ayeke ukuphuza lesi sitshalo. Kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane. Ungayinqumi ingxenye eluhlaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba ama-rhizomes asinaso isikhathi sokususa zonke izinto eziwusizo kusuka emaqabunga. Ithimba kufanele lime, bese liphela.
Imbiza ingafakwa endaweni emnyama futhi epholile ngaphandle kokukhipha ama-nodule ebhodweni elidala.
Kubalulekile! Uma ama-archimenes akho ebekezelela ukugcina ubusika bokuqala, kungcono ukungayinisi ngalesi sikhathi.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula amanzi isitshalo kahle. Ukukhuphuka kubangela ukuvuswa kokuqala, futhi lokhu kuholela ekuthuthukiseni amahlumela abuthakathaka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya.
Uma i-archimenez ingekho ekuphumuleni, nikeza ukukhanya okuhle. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ilanga. Uma lesi sitshalo singavuswanga isikhathi eside, siphuze ngaso leso sikhathi ngokushisa kwamanzi cishe ngo-50 ° C.
Uma ungenaso isitshalo okwamanje, kodwa usuvele ukwazi ukukhulisa i-ahimenez ekhaya, sineluleka ukuthenga ngokushesha. Lesi sitshalo asizithobeki, siqhakaza kakhulu futhi ihlobo lonke.
Uyazi? Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ku-30 - 45 cm ukuphakama, ngokuvamile ngezimbali ezibomvu.
Izisekelo zokufakelwa okufanele
I-Ahimenez kudingeka ifakwe kabusha njengezigaba zokukhula, futhi izitshalo kakade sezikhulile. Ukutshala kabusha kuyinto yokubaluleka ebalulekile ethinta impilo yama-achimenes. Uma unesitshalo esincane, kufanele usufakelwe ama-rhizomes ama-Ahimenes ngoMashi no-Ephreli. Ama-Rhizomes atshalwe ngaphambi kukaMashi azodinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Ngenxa yalokho, uthola amahlumela abuthakathaka ayoba nomthelela omubi ekufakeni izimbali esikhathini esizayo.
Ama-Rhizomes, atshalwe ngoMeyi nakamuva, anikezela ekukhuliseni inkathi ekhulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase bafinyelele esimweni sokuphumula - ngo-Okthoba noma ngoNovemba. Ngakho-ke, u-Ahimenez uzovuka kamuva, futhi kuzokuthatha iminyaka eminingana ukubuyisela impilo nempilo yabo evamile.
Ama-rhizomes ahluma, ngoba ngaphandle kokuhluma isitshalo singaqala ukubola ngamanzi amaningi. Spread the rhizomes ngokugcwele futhi ufafaze ungqimba inhlabathi 0.5-3 cm obukhulu.
Kubalulekile! Isendlalelo sincike kwisayizi ye-rizom.
Uma izimbiza zoma ngokushesha (ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezimbili), isitshalo sakho sidinga ukwandisa inani lomhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa isitshalo ngosuku ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, vula ibhodlela uphinde ususe isitshalo kanye nebhola lomhlaba. Bese ubeka lesi sitshalo nge-drainage ebhodweni elisha bese uthele inhlabathi emaceleni. Shake ibhodlela kancane ukuze unqume phansi.
Amanzi okutshala okutshalwe kuwo. Sincoma ukwenza lokhu kungakapheli phakathi no-Agasti.
Uyazi? Indawo yokusabalalisa yakwa-Ahimenez isekela enyakatho yeMexico kuya eBrazil. Noma imiphi imbali ihlala izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, kodwa amahlumela amasha ahlale ebonakala futhi evulekile, ngakho-ke izimbali zalo zihlala kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba.
Izindlela zokuzalanisa ama-achimenes
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-achimenes kwenziwa ngezindlela ezintathu. - imbewu, cuttings kanye nokwahlukana kwama-rhizomes.
Imbewu
Imbewu yama-Ahimenes ingatholakala ekhaya.
Lesi sitshalo sithela izithelo eziluhlaza, ezihlala njalo kuze kube yilapho imbewu ivuthiwe ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwezimbali, imbewu ivuthwe izinyanga ezingu-2.5. Izithelo kufanele zibe mnandi. Bese bavuna futhi bahlwanyelwe ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yindlala futhi inomsoco, ungasebenzisa isihlabathi kanye neqabunga lomhlaba. Ungahlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini omanzi omanzi.
Kubalulekile! Powder imbewu phezulu akudingekile.
Amandla nembewu ayanisela futhi agcwele ingilazi. Indawo yokuvuthwa ibumnyama, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-22-24 ° C.
Imbewu yomoya kanye namanzi avela kule pallet. Uzobona amahlumela okuqala emavikini angu-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo zidonsa izikhathi ezingu-2-3. Kulezi zikhathi, shintsha izimbiza, uzikhulise ngevolumu. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kakade embizeni ehlala njalo futhi sinakekelwa njengomuntu omdala.
Cuttings
Le ndlela yokuzalanisa ayivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-achimenes. Ukuxhunyelela ukhethe ingxenye engezansi noma engezansi yamahlumela esitshalo bese uyibhidliza esihlabathini noma emgodleni wezingxenye ezilinganayo zeqabunga lomhlabathi nesihlabathi. Khona-ke yanyunyiswa futhi igubungelwe ngejubane leglasi. Into esemqoka akukona ukugcoba inhlabathi kakhulu, ngoba ngokunisela okuningi ukucheka i-cuttings.
Ukusheshisa inqubo ye-rooting achimenez ingashiswa yizinga elingaphansi kanye nokucubungula kwezikhuthazo ezifana neKornevin noma i-Heteroauxin. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-15, i-stem cuttings iqala ukuthatha izimpande, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa - ifomu lezilimo eziyizigaxa.
I-cuttings eseyizimpande kakade kumele ifakwe ibe yingxube yezitshalo ezindala nokunakekelwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes
Le ndlela isetshenziswa kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebruwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Uma ufuna ukukhula izitshalo eziningana ebhodweni elilodwa, amahlumela awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa noma atshalwe ngezicucu eziningana, afafazwe nge-substrate evulekile. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, i-achimenez idluliselwa endaweni ekhanyayo. Lapho, isikhathi sakhe sokuqala ukuya ku-pritenyat.
Amahlumela amahle aqiniswa ngezinsiza ezikhethekile. Ngakho zikhula ngokuma. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, qala ukudla isitshalo njalo. Kuzokwanela ukwenza lokhu kabili ngenyanga. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zangaphakathi, kodwa kusukela ngo-Agasti, sebenzisa umanyolo ngokuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwe-potassium.
Ezimweni ezinhle, lesi sitshalo sikhula, futhi izimbali zama-achimenes zivela emva kwezinyanga ezingu-4. Uma usakazeka nge-cuttings, khona-ke izimbali zizoqala ezinyangeni ezintathu, futhi uma zivela imbewu, ekupheleni konyaka wesibili.
Ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo ze-achimenez
Izifo zama-achimenes zenzeka ngokungajwayelekile. Izifo zingagwenywa uma uhlola njalo amahlumela ase-Ahimenez, futhi futhi, uma uqhuba kahle ukulima nokukhathalela, lesi sitshalo sizobe sempilweni futhi sikujabulele ngokuhleleka kahle.
Uma isitshalo sakho siqala ukuma amaqabunga, khona-ke isitshalo siqala ukulungiselela isikhathi sokuphumula.
Iziqu ezinomile zingaqedwa ngokucophelela. Embizeni kufanele ihlale i-rhizomes. Zingafakwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki, emva kokukumba. Isikhwama kumele sigcwaliswe nesihlabathi noma ama-chips. Lokhu kuzosiza umoya ukujikeleza ngokujwayelekile phakathi kwephakheji.
Ama-Rhizomes kufanele afakwe endaweni emnyama futhi agcine izimo eziphansi zokushisa nokuphuza umoya.
Ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu, izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni noma ngokungaphezu kokuswakama, ama-achimenes angathinteka ngokubola kwegrey. Ukuphulukisa lesi sitshalo kungaba kanje: izitshalo ezithintekile kanye namaqabunga asusiwe, kanti ibhodlela liyashintsha inhlabathi futhi iphathwa nge-fungicide.
Uma izindawo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo zivela emaceleni amaqabunga, kusho ukuthi wanisela isitshalo ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu - uyifake esikhundleni samanzi afudumele.
Uma ifihlekile iba mnyama, khona-ke izinga lokushisa emoyeni ekamelweni liphakeme kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ventilate ekamelweni kaningi kaningi.
Njengoba ungaqonda, isitshalo esinjalo, njengama-ahimenes, sikulungele kakhulu ekuzilungiseleleni futhi akudingi umzamo omkhulu. Ngakho ungathenga ngokuphephile le mbali futhi utshale ekhaya. Lesi sitshalo, siyophinde sikujabulise ngamafihle amahle.
