Naphezu kwezici ezijwayelekile zetafula lezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane, ngayinye yazo inezici zayo.
Ngakho-ke, uma lesi sitshalo sihlwanyelwa ukuze sithole umkhiqizo ocebile futhi onomsoco, kungcono ukwazi kusengaphambili mayelana nazo zonke izici ezithile ezihlukahlukene.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngezici ezihlukahlukene kanye nezici eziyinhloko zamazambane e-Santana. Uzojwayelana nezici zemikhuba yakhe yezolimo, ufunde ngokuthinta izifo nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane.
Amazambane "Santana": incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
| Igama leBanga | Santana |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | etafuleni lesikhathi esingaphakathi kwezinhlobo zamazambane okhethwe yiDutch, ezwela ukungabi nomswakama |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-80-95 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 13-17% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 90-170 gr |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | 6-11 |
| Ukuthela | 164-384 (esiphezulu - 419) c / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okukhulu, okufanelekayo ama-saladi, ukuthosa, ukupheka amaFries nama-chips |
| I-Recumbency | 92% |
| Umbala wesikhumba | ophuzi |
| Umbala we-Pulp | umhlophe |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | I-Northwest, Central, Central Black Earth |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | lezi ezihlukahlukene ziphikisana nematode ehlanzekile yegolide, ama-virus kanye namazambane carcinoma |
| Izici zokukhula | ubuchwepheshe obuvamile bezolimo |
| Umsunguli | inkampani Handelmaatschappij Van Rijn BV (Holland) |
Amazambane "i-Santana" kubhekwa njengenkathi ephakathi nonyaka. Inkathi kusukela ekubukeni kwamahlumela okuqala kuya ekuvuthweni okugcwele kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-80 kuya kwezingu-95. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zenziwe njenge-oval futhi zinekhanda elibushelelezi, eliphuzi. Isici esiyinhloko sokubukeka - "amehlo" amaningi amancane phezu kwendawo yonke ye-tuber.
Inyama yamazambane iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisindo sesilinganiso sezilimo eziyizigaxa singama-90-120 g. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo ezinesisindo esifike ku-170 amagremu.
Ezihlukahlukene yi-starch ephakathi. Njengomthetho, okuqukethwe kwezinto ezinesitembu esiku-tuber akudluli ku-13-17%. Ngenxa yale mfanelo, ukwelashwa kokushisa kuphelisa amathuba okuqhekeka nokugaya amazambane.
Etafuleni elingezansi ungathola izici eziyinhloko zezinye izinhlobo zamazambane:
| Igama leBanga | Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | I-Recumbency |
| Santana | 13-17% | 92% |
| Milena | 11-14% | 95% |
| Elmundo | 12-14% | 97% |
| Cheri | 11-15% | 91% |
| Ukuzijabulisa kukaBryansk | 16-18% | 94% |
| Ariel | 13-16% | 94% |
| Borovichok | 13-17% | 94% |
| I-Tuscany | 12-14% | 93% |
Naphezu kokuqukethwe kwesitashi, ukunambitheka kwamazambane kuhlala kuphakeme.. "I-Santana" ibhekwa njengendlela ehlukahlukene yokulungiselela ama-chips namaFries amafries. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zigcina ukubukeka okuthakazelisayo lapho kuthosiwe, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezaladi. Ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo wokulungiselela amazambane ahlambulukile kuvunyelwe.
Isithombe
Ungazijwayela amazambane "iSanaana", ngokusho kwencazelo ehlukahlukene, esithombeni ngezansi:
Izici
Amazambane "iSanaana" kungokwamaqembu ezinhlobonhlobo zokukhethwa kweDutch-Germanemelelwe emakethe yaseRussia yi-KWS POTATO B.V. Isivuno sempande sinconywa ukulima endaweni yeziKhulu, eNyakatho-ntshonalanga naseCentral Black. Ngokuqondile, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamazambane "Santana" zizokwazi ukuziveza emazweni afana ne: Russia, Moldova, Ukraine.
Kungcono ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ekuqaleni noma phakathi kukaMeyi. Inhlabathi ekahle ye "Santana" ibhekwa njengezindawo lapho utshani obungapheli, izitshalo kanye nezitshalo okusanhlamvu kakade kuhlwanyelwe khona. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo asihlosi uhlobo lomhlabathi, noma kunjalo, njengezinhlobo eziningi, Umvuno omuhle kakhulu "iSanana" ubonisa emazweni alula, asemhlabathini. Ngokujwayelekile, ukuvunwa okujwayelekile kwezihlukahlukene kunama-centri angu-419 / ha.
Ungaqhathanisa isivuno seVeneta nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane usebenzisa itafula elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukukhiqizwa (c / ha) | Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini (pc) |
| Santana | 164-384 (esiphezulu 419) | 6-11 |
| I-Labella | 180-350 | kuze kufike ku-14 |
| Melody | 180-640 | 7-11 |
| I-Margarita | 300-400 | 7-12 |
| Alladin | 450-500 | 8-12 |
| Isibindi | 160-430 | 6-9 |
| Sifra | 180-400 | 9-11 |
| Ibhodlela | 100-200 | 6-11 |
Izici zokunakekelwa
Izitshalo ezihlahleni ziphansi, zihamba kahle. Lesi sitshalo sihlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinamagatsha amakhulu kakhulu. Isici sesici siwubuhlungu obuncane bomkhawulo wamakhasi. Esikhathini sokukhala kwezimbali ku-"Santana" kubonakala ama-inflorescences amancane abomvu-obomvu. Izinhlobonhlobo azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.. Njengomthetho, wonke umsebenzi wezolimo ohlotshaniswa nokulima kwalolu hlobo uyancipha ube yi-weeding, futhi ukhulula inhlabathi.
Lesi sitshalo asibekezelele isomiso. Phakathi nezikhathi ezinjalo, kungadinga ukuchelela okunamandla okumele kuhlanganiswe nokusungulwa kwamanyolo we-nitrogen.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela ephezulu, ngesikhathi sokufika kuyadingeka ukwakha umchamo ophakeme.
Isidingo senziwa ngenxa ye-tuberization engajulile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazambane alezi ezihlukahlukene azibekezeleli umonakalo womshini, isibonelo, ngesikhathi se-hilling. Ukunciphisa umzimba kuzosiza ekulawuleni ukhula.
Ngaphansi kwemithetho elula yokunakekelwa, ukondla okwanele nomswakama womhlabathi "Santana" uyakwazi ukunikeza isivuno esikhulu kakhulu. Futhi ngenxa yezinga elihle lokugcina, amazambane akukho nkinga egcinwe kulo lonke ubusika.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi nokushisa kwesitoreji samazambane, mayelana nezinkinga ezingenzeka. Futhi mayelana nokugcinwa okufanele kwezitshalo ezisempandeni ebusika, ezitsheni nasebhaleni, esiqandisini nasefomini elihlutshiwe.
Ngakho-ke, uma inhloso eyinhloko yokulima isitshalo ukucubungula ukudla ngezinhloso zezimboni (isibonelo, amafries amaFrench asuphelile), lokhu kuhloswe kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela zokutshala amazambane.Funda ezintweni zethu zonke mayelana nobuchwepheshe besimanje saseDutch, mayelana nokutshala okufanele kwezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala, mayelana nokuthi ungathola kanjani isivuno esihle ngaphandle kokusikhipha kanye nokukhuphuka futhi uguqule le nqubo ibe ibhizinisi.
Kanti futhi ngezindlela ezithakazelisayo zamazambane ezikhulayo ngaphansi komshini, emabhokisini, ezikhwameni, emabhaleni, ezivela kumbewu.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izitshalo zicatshangelwa ukumelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zegciwane, ama-pathogens of umdlavuza wezambatho, kanye ne-cyst nematode. Noma kunjalo, njengoba isipiliyoni sibonisa, asikwazi ukulwa nokuhlaselwa kokulimala kwesikhathi sekwephuzile.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo ezithandwa kakhulu zamazambane: i-Alternaria, i-fusarium, i-verticillis, isikhumba, nokulimala kwesikhathi.
Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane zezinambuzane, izinkinga ezinkulu zivame ukuhanjiswa yizilova zaseColorado kanye nezibungu zazo, amabhere, i-moth, i-wireworm.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokubhekana nazo futhi uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngabo kwiwebsite yethu:
- Indlela yokubhekana ne-Colorado amazambane i-beetle ngosizo lwezindlela zomuntu namakhemikhali.
- Indlela yokukhipha u-wireworm ensimini.
- Yini ezosiza ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kukaMedkaka kumazambane: izindlela zezimboni kanye nabantu.
- Yini okufanele ulethe inundu yamazambane: ingxenye 1 nengxenye 2.
Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayelane nezinye izinhlobo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa:
| Superstore | Ukukhula kokuqala | Ngaphambi kokuqala |
| Umlimi | Bellarosa | Innovator |
| Minerva | Timo | I-handsome |
| Kiranda | Spring | Owesifazane waseMelika |
| I-Karatop | Arosa | I-Krone |
| Juvel | Impala | Bonisa |
| I-Meteor | Zorachka | Elizabeth |
| Zhukovsky ekuqaleni | Colette | I-Vega | Umfula | Kamensky | I-Tiras |
