Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane, ezithandwayo nabalimi be-amateur, indawo ekhethekile ihlala "iSineglazka". Ibanga lithole igama lombala ongajwayelekile, okhunjulwayo wezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ezinye izimfanelo ezifanelwe ukunakekelwa: isivuno, ukunambitheka okuhle kwezimpande izitshalo, ukumelana nezifo.
Kulesi sihloko uzothola lonke ulwazi mayelana namazambane "i-Sineglazka", incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, izithombe nokuningi okuwusizo, nolwazi olubaluleke kakhulu.
Incazelo ehlukahlukene
| Igama leBanga | Ama-blue eyed |
| Izici ezijwayelekile | ezihlukahlukene zokuzalisa amateur, ukuphakama okuphezulu nokunambitheka okuhle, kodwa izinga eliphansi lokugcina |
| Isikhathi sokubeletha | Izinsuku ezingu-65-80 |
| Okuqukethwe kwesitashi | 15% |
| Izikhulu eziyizilimo eziyizigaxa | 70-130 gr |
| Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini | 8-12 |
| Ukuthela | kuze kube ngu-500 kg / ha |
| Ikhwalithi yabathengi | ukunambitheka okukhulu, okufanelekayo noma yikuphi izitsha |
| I-Recumbency | cishe i-75% ibolile lapho igcina inani elikhulu |
| Umbala wesikhumba | ukhilimu |
| Umbala we-Pulp | umhlophe |
| Izifunda ezikhulayo ezikhethiwe | Izinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe iRussia ephakathi |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | isilinganiso sokumelana nazo zonke izifo ze-nightshade |
| Izici zokukhula | ubuchwepheshe obuvamile bezolimo |
| Umsunguli | esungulwe kuma-50s ekhulwini lokugcina yiS S. Domin e-Institute of Starch Products; kuqashelwa njengokungavumi |
"Sineglazka" - phakathi nenkathi yezinyanga ezihlukahlukene nokuqala kwe-tuberization ekuqaleni. Okuhle kakhulu emapulazini asekhaya, ezindaweni eziningi ezimbonini cishe azange zikhule. Indlela yokutshala amazambane zakuqala kahle funda lapha.
Incazelo yempande:
- Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinkulu, zilinganisa kusuka ku-150 kuya ku-200 g;
- isimo se-oval, esicwecwe kancane;
- i-rind i-pink-grey ne-bluish tinge;
- amehlo angaphandle, ambalwa, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- i-pulp ekunqunyeni imhlophe;
- isilinganiso samatashi isilinganiso, kufika ku-15.5%;
- amaprotheni aphezulu, usawoti wamaminerali, amavithamini eqembu B.
Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola idatha kokuqukethwe kwesitashi ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zamazambane:
| Igama leBanga | Okuqukethwe kwesitashi |
| Ama-blue eyed | 15% |
| Bonisa | 11-15% |
| I-Tiras | 10-15% |
| Elizabeth | 13-14% |
| I-Vega | 10-16% |
| Lugovskoy | 12-19% |
| I-Romano | 14-17% |
| Santa | 10-14% |
| Tuleyevsky | 14-16% |
| Owesifazane we-Gypsy | 12-14% |
| Ithebula | 14-17% |
Isithombe
Manje njengoba usuvele uthola imibono ethile mayelana nezimila ezihlukahlukene ze-Sineglazka, izici zokubukeka kwayo, isitshalo sezimpande, ake sibheke ezithombeni:
Izindawo zokuzalanisa nokukhula
Ukuhlukahluka okwenzelwe i-Russia ephakathi, kukhule ngempumelelo kwezinye izifunda. Ukukhiqiza kuphakeme, kufika ku-500 kg. ngekhulu. Ikhwalithi yesitshalo incike ekutheni ukutshala, izimo zezulu kanye nenani lomsoco enhlabathini.
Qhathanisa isivuno salezi zihlukahlukene nabanye, ungabhekisela etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| Ama-blue eyed | kuze kube ngu-500 kg / ha |
| Kubanka | kufika ku-220 kg / ha |
| Felox | 550-600 c / ha |
| I-handsome | 170-280 kg / ha |
| Obomvu obomvu | kufika ku-400 kg / ha |
| Borovichok | 200-250 abaphakathi / ha |
| Bullfinch | 180-270 c / ha |
| Kamensky | 500-550 c / ha |
| Colomba | 220-420 c / ha |
| Spring | 270-380 c / ha |
Isihlahla samazambane "i-Sineglazka" sikhulu, sinamandla, sinesitshalo esinamandla nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile. Ukwakheka okuningi kobumnyama obuhlaza. Amaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, aluhlaza okomnyama. Izimbali zikhanya okwesibhakabhaka, ezincane.
Amazambane abonakala nge-tuber ekutholeni kanye nokwedlula isikhathi semifino. Ukuvuna kokuqala kungaqoqwa ngoJuni, ukuphela kokuvuna - ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi esicacile nge-acidity neutral, enzima kakhulu, isivuno somhlabathi esibi kakhulu sinciphile.
Ukuphuza ukulinganisela, okungaphezu kuka-5 izikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile. "Sineglazka" ikhetha inhlabathi enomsocoIzimpande ezigunyaziwe zokugqoka nezimbiwa zamaminerali noma ama-fertilizer eziphilayo. Mayelana nokuthi ungakondla kanjani nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lapho uhlwanyela amazambane, funda ama-athikili ngabanye webhusayithi yethu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo ezivamile: umdlavuza wamazambane, ukulimala okuphuzile, isikhumba, imatode, ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinamandla azimeleki lapho zimba. Izindleko ezincane zigcinwa kahle, kepha ezihlukahlukene azifanelekile ukutshala izimboni.
Mayelana nemibandela yokugcina amazambane ebusika, yikuphi indawo ongayikhetha kulokhu nokuthi yisiphi isikhathi okudingekile ukuhlangabezana ngaso, funda izinto zokwaziswa okuningiliziwe zesayithi lethu.
"I-Sineglazka" ithandwa abalimi ngoba banambitha kakhulu. Amazambane afanele ukupheka, ukugcoba nokugcoba, i-crumbly, ithenda kakhulu, ne-flavour ecebile enhle. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezibilisiwe zinebala elimhlophe nelomhlophe. Amazambane atshawa kalula futhi anganconywa ukudla noma ukudla okudlayo.
Sikulungiselele izihloko eziningana eziwusizo zokugcina kahle amazambane ahlutshiwe nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukugcina izinzuzo zalo mkhiqizo esiqandisini.
Umsuka
Amazambane ahlukahlukene "Sineglazka" - i-hybrid yezinhlobo eziningana zamazambane azitshalwe ngokukhula kwendle. Izalwe ngumfuyi S. Demin ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940, ebhaliswe ku-Institute of Starch Products ngaphansi kwenombolo 15555.
I-hybrid yavivinywa eziteshini eziningana zokuhlola, yahlonishwa kakhulu yizintatheli futhi yaphakanyiswa ukuba ikhuliswe emapulazini angasese. Izivivinyo ekutshalweni kwezimboni "iSineglazki" aziphumelelanga kangako. Ama-apulabhisi amaningi avunyiwe ayengagcinwa kahle, lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa zalahlekelwa ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobo zatshengiswa:
- ukunambitheka okukhulu kwemifino yezimpande;
- amathuba amaningi okudla (ukupheka, ukupheka, ukupheka, ukugcoba kungenzeka);
- ukumelana nezifo ezinkulu;
- ukubukeka okuhle kwezitshalo ezimpande;
- isikhumba esincane, inombolo encane yamehlo.
Phakathi kokushiyeka kwezinhlobonhlobo kwaphawula:
- kungenzeka ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwezinto zokutshala;
- inqwaba yamazambane evunyiwe egcinwe kahle;
- izilimo eziyizigaxa zingalimala yi-wireworm.
Izici
"I-Sineglazka" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezindala, ezinezinombolo eziningi. Ngonyaka omuhle (sezulu esishisayo, okwanele, kodwa hhayi emvula eminingi, inombolo encane yezinambuzane) amazambane abonisa isivuno esikhulu, izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhulu, zibushelelezi, zihambelane. Ukuwohloka kwezimo zezulu kuncishisa kakhulu isivuno, izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyancipha.
Imiphumela emihle itholakala ngamazambane ekhulayo kusuka kumbewu.Lokhu kwenza ukwazi ukuvuselela izinto zokutshala ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe zokuthenga. Amazambane asabela ekudleni. Akulimazi futhi kubhebhe imibhede.
Ukutshala izitshalo ngqo emva kokuchelela, izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukondla, umquba obolile noma izinyoni ze-droppings ezihlanjululwayo. Ama-engokwemvelo angase ahambisane nesakhiwo se-mineral, kuhlanganise i-ammonium nitrate, i-superphosphate noma i-ammonium sulfate.
Ukwengeza kumanyolo ekutshalweni kwamazambane usebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene nezidakamizwa. Izingxabano mayelana nezinzuzo zabo ziningi.Siyakuncoma izihloko eziningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi kungani u-herbicide, i-fungicides kanye nezinambuzane zisetshenziswa kanjani.
Ukuvuna kungaqoqwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kufike ngoSeptemba, kodwa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinhle kakhulu zithola ngo-Agasti. Ngemuva kokumba, izilimo eziyizigaxa zomile okungenani amahora amathathu. Esikhathini sezulu esibhakabhakeni, ukomisa kwenziwa endaweni yokukhosela noma ngaphansi komcibisholo.
Ukuvuna okukhulu, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezomisiwe ngokucophelela. Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa ngezinga elibi lokugcina, ngoba amazambane i-cellar eyomile edingekayo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zifakwe emabhokisini. Amazambane kufanele athathwe njalo, alahle izilimo eziyizigaxa ezibolile noma ezinegciwane.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Hlunga "i-Sineglazka" unesandulela-ngculazi esihle. Noma kunjalo, ukwaziswa okuhlukahlukene okubuyekeziwe okusha kuhlukile kokumelana ne-nematode, isikhumba, noma ukulimala kwesikhathi. Amazambane akhulile kumasayithi amateur athatheka kancane kancane futhi ahlaselwe amagciwane. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukubuyekezwa okwesikhashana kokutshala impahla kuyadingeka.
Amazambane angathinteka yi-Colorado amazambane amazambane amahlumela awonakele. Amabhungane ayingozi kakhulu. Izibungu zazo zilimaza lezi zilimo eziyizigaxa, zibenza zingakulungele ukondla, ukufinyelela okuvulelekile kumagciwane kanye nama-bacterium, kumele balwe.
Ukuze ugweme ukulimala isitshalo, amazambane atshalwa kuphela enhlabathini, ngaphambi kokuphathwa ngamakhemikhali. Emva kokuvuna, kubalulekile ukukhetha zonke izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivela emhlabathini. Kwesobunxele izimpande zezitshalo zasebusika zibola, ukudala indawo yokuzalanisa amabhaktheriya nokuheha izinambuzane.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamazambane zilokhu zithandwa iminyaka eminingi. Ngokukhethwa kahle kokutshala izinto nemhlabathi evundile, ungahlala uthola isivuno esihle. Amazambane avuthiwe adinga ukugcinwa ngokucophelela kanye ne-bulkheads evamile.
Sithemba ukuthi ngosizo lwazi olungenhla mayelana namazambane e-Sineglazka, incazelo yezinzuzo nezinsalela zayo, kuyoba lula kuwe ukuthi unqume ukuthi uyakhula yini.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayele ngezinhlobo zamazambane ezinemigomo ehlukile yokuvuthwa:
| Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ngaphambi kokuqala | Phakathi nonyaka |
| Vector | I-Gingerbread Man | I-giant |
| I-Mozart | Ithebula | I-Tuscany |
| Sifra | Ilinsky | Yanka |
| I-Dolphin | Lugovskoy | Ubunkungu bukaLilac |
| I-Crane | Santa | I-Openwork |
| Rogneda | Ivan da Shura | Desiree |
| Lasock | Colombo | Santana | I-Aurora | Bonisa | Isivunguvungu | I-Skarb | Innovator | Alvar | Umlutha | I-Krone | I-Breeze |
