Ithebulethi, amazambane asezingeni eliphansi "Aurora": incazelo yezinto ezihlukahlukene, izici nezithombe

Uma ukhetha izinhlobo ngezimfanelo zethebula ezinhle kakhulu ezingasetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha ezizenzekelayo, khona-ke amazambane ase-Aurora afanele kuwe futhi ngokuqinisekile uzokujabulela ukuvuna okucebile namasayizi amakhulu ezitshalo ezimpande.

Funda esihlokweni sethu konke mayelana namazambane ase-Aurora: incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezici zayo, ikakhulukazi ama-agrotechnics kanye nokuthambekela kokuthinteka yizinambuzane nezifo eziyinhloko.

Amazambane Aurora: incazelo ehlukahlukene

I-Aurora yavulelwa eVsevolozhskaya Breeding Station, yangena kwiRejista Yombuso Yezinhlobonhlobo zeRussia Federation ngo-2006 (eNyakatho, eNyakatho-West, Volgo-Vyatka, Central, Central Black Earth, eNyakatho-Caucasia, ephakathi kwe-Volga naseMpumalanga Ephakathi).

I-CJSC "Isiteshi sokuzalanisa iVsevolozhskaya" ngumsunguli wezinhlobo zamazambane "i-Aurora". Leli itafula, ukuhlukahluka okuphakathi kwesikhathi kwamazambane, kuvuthwe ngokugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 ngemuva kokusuka kokuqala. Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe amathani angu-21-38 omvuno odayiswayo ngehektha ngalinye lezitshalo, noma kunjalo, isivuno se-40 t / ha saqoshwa.

Ukuze uqhathanise isivuno nokugcina izinga lezinhlobonhlobo nabanye, ungasebenzisa ithebula elingezansi:

Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula i-oblong, isikhumba sinomzimba omncane, ubushelelezi, umbala obomvu ombala. Izithelo zikhulu ngobukhulu, futhi isisindo sifinyelela ku-90 kuya ku-130 g. Ngokwesilinganiso, isihlahla esisodwa singakha ama-tubus aphakathi kuka-10 kuya kwangu-15.

Inyama yikhilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enemibala enhle futhi inomsoco omuhle kakhulu, futhi okuqukethwe okwe-starch kuhluka phakathi kuka-13 no-17%. Amehlo avame ukubunjwa okuncane, futhi amancane kakhulu futhi angaphenduki. Ukuthengwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kuhle (83 - 93%), nokugcina ikhwalithi kugcinwe ku-94%.

Etafuleni elingezansi ungabona ukuthi yini le nkhomba yezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene:

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokugcinwa kwamazambane: isikhathi, izinga lokushisa, izindawo ezivela enkambeni yenkinga.

Futhi, ukuthi ungagcina kanjani amazambane ebusika, ezitolo zemifino, emiphongolweni nasemaphandleni, emabhokisini nasemabhokisini, esiqandisini futhi ehlutshiwe.

Amabhasi aphezulu, ahlukene-aqondile, ahlobo lwephepha. Amaqabunga amancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anesisindo esijwayelekile emaphethelweni. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, lesi sitshalo sigcwele izimbali ezinama-halos amakhulu obomvu-violet. Babuye bawa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukujabulela ubuhle isikhathi eside.

Funda kabanzi ngezakhiwo ezahlukene zamazambane: i-solanine eyingozi kanye nejusi ewusizo, kungani abantu, abantu bedla amazambane abomvu namahlumela.

Isithombe

Vsevolozhskiy Aurora amazambane ezihlukahlukene ongabona esithombeni ngezansi:

Izici zokukhula

Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okumangalisayo, i-Aurora izoba isivakashi esamukelekile kunoma iyiphi itafula lesidlo sakusihlwa. Izithelo zine-crumbly ebonakalayo, ngakho-ke zilungele ukupheka isobho, ama-casseroles namazambane ahlambulukile. Kodwa uma upheka nabo kudingeka uqaphele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-Aurora ibekezelele ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ukushaya kwemvelo, ikakhulukazi ukubhekana nesomiso ngokuphumelelayo. Ngokuqondene nomhlabathi, izitshalo zezikhukhula, izitshalo ze-sandy ne-sod-podzolic light loamy zifanelekile ukulima. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izinto zokutshala kufanele zihlume, futhi kungcono ukuqala le nqubo inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuphuma emibhedeni. Ngokwemvelo, ukuhluma kungenjalo kungenziwa ekamelweni elimnyama nelomfudumalo.

KUBALULEKILE! Kakhulu kakhulu isitshalo esincane sizosiza kahle umhlabathi olimale. Kulesi simo, kungaba kuhle ukusingatha izixazululo ze-ammonium nitrate ne-urea.

Uma ufuna ukuthola isitshalo esikhulu futhi esiphakeme, khona-ke esikhathini esizayo Kudingekile ukuba ulandele imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhula kulokhu okuhlukahlukene.:

1. Emva kokutshala emhlabathini futhi ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, kunconywa ukuthi kuhloswe inhlabathi.
2. I-Aurora kakhulu ayithandi ukubonakala kwe-crust emhlabathini, ngakho ungakhohlwa mayelana nokukhishwa kwesikhashana kwenhlabathi.
3. Uma nje amahlumela amazambane afinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-12 ukuphakama, kubalulekile ukufeza izintaba. Igalelo ekwakhekeni kangcono kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye namahlumela.
4. Uma inhlabathi ingekho emaminerali, khona-ke ukondla kufanele kwenziwe nge-slurry noma ama-droppings ezinyoni.
5. Abalimi abaningi balungise ukwanda kwemifino lapho behlangana ngemifino ne-hay kanye netshani.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kudingeke yini ukuba u-hilling kudingeke amazambane, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani ngesandla futhi ngosizo lwe-tractor ngemuva.

Kanti futhi, kungenzeka yini ukuthola isivuno esihle ngaphandle kokusikhipha kanye nokukhuphuka nendlela yokuhlela ukuchelela ngendlela efanele.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithandwa ikakhulukazi nabanikazi abaningi ngoba kunezivikelo ezinhle ezifweni eziningi nezinambuzane.

Ivikelwe kahle kusuka e-golden potato nematode kanye ne-causative agent yomdlavuza. Ibuye ibe nokuvikeleka okulinganiselwe ekubhekaneni nokulimala okuphelile kwesikhathi sezintambo nezilimo eziyizigaxa, futhi lokhu kufanele kubone, izitha ezimbi kakhulu zamazambane. Funda futhi nge-Alternaria, i-fusarium ne-verticillis yamazambane, isikhala esivamile.

Ngokuvamile, uma uqapha ukuvuna kwakho, ukukhuphuka, ukumba nokufaka umquba ngamaminerali, izitshalo zakho ngeke zidingeke ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kwezilokazane. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungadla kanjani amazambane, nini futhi kanjani ukusebenzisa umanyolo nokuthi ungayenza kanjani uma utshala, yiziphi ezihamba phambili.

Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, eziyingozi kakhulu futhi ezingathandekayo zazo yi-Colorado amazambane beetle kanye nezibungu zalo, i-wireworm, i-medvedka, inundu yamazambane, i-cicadas, i-aphid. Mayelana nomunye wabo, kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ongazifunda kuwebhusayithi yethu.

Ungabona ukuthi ukhula ngokushesha uphinde ufeze amazambane usebenzisa i-motoblock kule vidiyo:

I-Aurora yilezo zonke izinhlobo zamazambane, ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okungaphezu kwemvelo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ikunikeza isivuno esikhulu ngokunambitheka okumangalisayo. Futhi ngenxa yokubukeka okumnandi kwezithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zithengiswa ngokushesha kunabanye abaningi abaqhudelana.

Kunezindlela eziningi ezithakazelisayo zokutshala amazambane. Funda kusayithi lethu konke mayelana nobuchwepheshe beDutch, mayelana nokusebenza ngezinhlobo zakudala kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi lezambatho. Mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezithandwa eRussia nokuthi yini ekhuliswe kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni. Futhi mayelana nezindlela ezingezansi: ngaphansi komshini, ezikhwameni, emibhawulweni, emabhokisini, kusuka kumbewu.

Siphinde sinikele nezinye izinhlobo zamazambane ngezimiso zokuvuthwa ezahlukene: