I-artichoke yaseJerusalema - isitshalo esinemisebenzi ehlukile. Ezilimo eziyizigaxa zayo ezincane nezakhi ezincane zilinganisela kahle. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalema ekudleni kunomthelela ekwenzeni ukunakekelwa kwe-selenium, umphumela omuhle kwi-cholesterol emzimbeni womuntu. Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali wesitshalo kuhluke kakhulu kwezinye izitshalo.
Ungabhala zonke izimfanelo zakhe isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokuthi abalimi baluthola lesi sitshalo. Ukutshala nokulondoloza akudala izinkinga ezinkulu.
Izici zenqubo
- Kutshalwa izilimo eziyizigaxa ngendlela efanayo namazambane.
- Iguqulela kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi.
- I-autumn ithathwa njengesikhathi esihle sokutshala ezindaweni eziseningizimu, entwasahlobo enyakatho.
Eceleni kwalokho futhi emva kokutshala?
Izihlahla zezithelo zibhekwa njengomakhelwane abakhulu kunazo zonke ze-artichoke yaseJerusalema. Kungenzeka ukutshala lesi sitshalo emva kwezitshalo zensimu, into eyinhloko ukuthi umhlaba ukhululekile futhi ugcwele.
Ungakhetha kanjani izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nembewu?
Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela ekhethiwe yokutshala, kufanele ikhunjulwe ukuthi indaba yokutshala kufanele ibe nempilo, ingenasifo nezifo eziphilayo:
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubola kwezimpande;
- i-nematodes;
- ama-aphid.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa kudingeka zikhethe ngisho, hhayi ezinkulu. Isayizi ekahle yokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa sineqanda lezinkukhu. Uma i-tuber inkulu, ingaba yizicucu eziningana. Isimo kuphela ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye kumele ibe namehlo okungenani amathathu. Izigaba kufanele ziphathwe ngamalahle.
Umehluko ekukhuleni ku-cottage nasekhaya
I-artichoke yaseJerusalema ingakhula kusuka kumbewu noma kwamehlo. Kodwa lesi sitshalo sasitshala njalo e-dacha. Indlela yokutshala imbewu inzima kakhulu. It isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi abalimi abanolwazi, njengoba lokhu kudinga amakhono athile.
Ungahlwanyela kanjani ikhasi elibumba?
- Rassadny. Ikuvumela ukwandisa isikhathi semifino yesitshalo cishe inyanga, okungukuthi, ngale ndlela ungathola isivuno ekuqaleni. E-nursery, lesi sitshalo kulula ukuzivikela ngokumelene nezinambuzane. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni okukhulu. Kuzobaluleka esimweni sezulu esifanele.
- Ayizinamanzi. Le ndlela ithatha isikhathi esincane nomzamo. Kuye akudingeki ukwakha ukushisa okushisa noma esinye isakhiwo sokumboza. Ukungahambi kahle ukuthi leyo ndlela engenambewu ayiqinisekisi amahlumela okufika ngesikhathi nanobungane.
- Imbewu. Indlela enhle enhle yabalimi be-amateur. Kufanelekele abalimi abaningi ngezinhlobo ezintsha.
- Izilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngokuyinhloko i-artichoke yaseJerusalema itshalwe ngale ndlela. Azikho izimo ezikhethekile ezidingekayo, isitshalo sithatha ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo
I-artichoke yaseJerusalema inamandla amakhulu okukhula. Uphatha izitshalo ezingenakuzithoba. Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, ngokushesha uphakamisa izinhlobo zomdabu. Yakha amahlumela afinyelela ensimini yezitshalo eziseduze, lapho ikhula khona nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngakapheli unyaka, amahlumela anamandla ayakhula kubo, efaka izimbali ezikhula eduze. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umhlaseli uyaphonsa yonke insimu, futhi izitshalo zendawo azikwazi ukukhetha ngaphandle kokushiya indawo yazo.
Isikhathi
Isiko sezitshalo singaba kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. I-Topinambur itshalwe kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, kungenzeka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ze-Russian Federation. Ekwindla - ezindaweni eziseningizimu zeRussian Federation.
Ukulungiselela umhlaba ekwindla nasentwasahlobo
Ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema kufaneleke kakhulu ukukhanya okunamandla okwakhiwa. I-pH value kufanele ibe ngo-6.0-7.5.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa kahle umhlaba. Ukulungiselela kuqala ekwindla, ukutshala inhlabathi ngomquba noma umquba.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuqala ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngakho-ke ukumba umhlabathi kakhulu kunoma yikuphi kuhlelwe ukutshala isivuno entwasahlobo. Ungashiya izibungu zasebusika zenhlabathi.
Ukulungiselela indaba
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukusibekela i-topinambur kwisisombululo seZircon ngaphambi kokutshala. Lokhu kusiza izilimo eziyizigaxa ukuba zithuthuke ngokwengeziwe futhi zikhule ngokushesha.
Ukukhetha indawo
I-Jerusalem artichokes itshalwa ekukhiqizeni njengesitshalo sonyaka. Lesi sitshalo sakha i-biomass enkulu, ngakho-ke ukutshala kwayo kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo evundile nenhlabathi evulekile. I-artichoke yaseJerusalema iyisitshalo esithandekayo, ngakho kufanele sikhule endaweni evulekile noma ngomthunzi omncane.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ihamba kahle emgodini, ngoba ngisho nokuhlanza ngokucophelela i-artichoke emhlabathini akuqinisekisi ukuthi sekuqedwa ngokuphelele.
Iphethini yokukhula
Ukutshala i-topinambur kudinga imigqa, ukugcina phakathi kwabo ibanga ukusuka ku-60-80 cm. Emgqeni, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngu-30-40 cm. Ngaphandle kokuthi i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ikwazi ukukhipha noma yikuphi ukhula, kuzigaba zokuqala zokulima kufanelekile ukuhlanza inhlabathi kusuka ku-green aggressors. Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukukhula korowa utshani nokuhlwanyela inhlanzi.
Imbewu
Imbewu itshalwe ezitsheni. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yilapho isondeza umswakama kahle. Amanzi aqhubekayo akumelwe avunyelwe. Imbewu itshalwe enhlabathini ngokujula okungaba ngu-7 cm. Inhlabathi kufanele iphuze.
Kunconywa ukuthi kuhlelwe ukushisa okushisa ngokuvala isitsha ngesembozo noma ifilimu. I-Topinambur igqoka indawo efudumele, ekhanyayo. Le ndlela ithatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo, ngoba kamuva entwasahlobo uzodingeka utshale amahlumela.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukujula ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa. Ukuvunwa kwekusasa kuxhomeke kuyo. Ngokujwayelekile, i-artichokes yaseJerusalema ikhulwa emathangeni akhethekile, okujule okungagcini kuka-15 cm. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlwanyelwe kufanele zifakwe uphawu oluncane, ukuze zingalimazi ngengozi lesi sifo.
Emasontweni okuqala emva kokutshala, umhlaba kumele ukhululeke.Lokhu kuzokusiza ukudala i-aeration enhle. Cishe emavikini angu-2-3 amahlumela azovela. Uma sebefinyelele ukuphakama kwama-40-50 cm, kufanele bahlanganyele ekukhuleni. Ngesikhathi ufinyelela ku-80-100 cm, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema idinga ukuboshwa.
Izinkinga nezinkinga ezingenzeka
Ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema - akuwona umsebenzi onzima, ngoba lesi sitshalo esisetshenziswa njalo asizithobeki futhi singathatha izimpande kunoma yiziphi izimo. Into kuphela i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ayikuthandi iyinqobe inhlabathi. Lesi sitshalo singase siqale ukubola, ama-slugs kanye nemiski ezovela, okuzodla amaqabunga avele.
Ama-horticulturists akhula i-artichoke engenayo i-Jerusalem engenawo isikhumba esimhlophe ukuze isetshenziswe. Ngesinye isitshalo esinjalo, ungathola okungenani u-2 kg wezilimo eziyizigaxa. Uma kunethuba elinjalo, kungcono ukuthenga i-varietal topinambur, enika isivuno esikhulu.
