Amazambane aseDutch aseSwedish aBlack Scarlett: Kubheka Okukhulu, Kude Kude

I-Red Scarlett iyizinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ezivuthiwe zakuqala zesiDashi. Liye lalinganisa, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezijwayele njalo ezineziqabunga ezitshalo eziphambili ezibukeka zikhulu futhi zilondolozwe isikhathi eside.

Ngenxa yesethulo esihle kakhulu kanye nokukwazi ukubekezelela ukuhamba, amazambane alokhu okuhlukahlukene athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi nabalimi.

Esihlokweni sethu uzothola incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo, ujwayelane nezici ezikhethekile zokulima kanye nezici, thola ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezitholakala kumazambane.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

I-peel isincane kakhulu, i-crimson-red, ibushelelezi noma i-rough kancane. Amehlo angaphandle futhi angabonakali kakhulu, 1-1.5 mm ejulile, emnyama noma ephuzi embala. Izihlumela ezikhanyayo zibomvu noma zibomvu phansi.

Umbala we-pulp wezilimo eziyizigaxa ezibandayo: kusuka emhlophe kuya ekukhanyeni okuphuzi. Lapho ukusika kungabumnyama emoyeni. Ngesikhathi sokupheka, umbala nawo awushintshi. Ifomu ihlukaniswa, i-oval, ezimweni eziningi zilungile ngempela.

Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, okuqukethwe kwe-starch kungu-10-15% noma 16-17%. Indawo ye-amazambane e-Red Scarlett isuke ibilisiwe ngokubambisana ngalokhu.

Ubuningi be-tuber eyodwa ngokuvamile buphakathi kwama-50-80 kuya ku-100-120 amagremu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu zitholakala, kufaka phakathi lezo ezilinganiselwa ku-150 g, kodwa ezingavamile. Ukuma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu ngokuvamile kuvamile. Inombolo yezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini kusukela ngo 12-15 kuya ku 20. Zakhiwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi umehluko ngobukhulu nesisindo akusilo kakhulu.

Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola ulwazi ngenani lezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nesisindo sakho kwezinye izinhlobo zamazambane:

Amazambane agcinwe kahle. Mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinkathi zokugcina, kanye nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izimpande ebusika, emabhokisini, esiqandisini futhi uhlutshiwe, funda ezihlokweni zesayithi lethu.

I-shrub ephakeme ephansi eneziqu zobuningi obuphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sikhiwa masinyane. I-corolla yembali ingase ibe mnyama, obomvu-obomvu, noma i-pink-lilac elula. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubukhulu obuphakathi, emaphethelweni weqabunga leqabunga elincane.

Isithombe

Izici

Isimo sezulu esifanele kunazo zonke ezihlukahlukene ze-Red Scarlett ezifundeni zaseCentral naseNingizimu zaseRussia, lapha ukutshala kwalo kunika imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ikhulile ngempumelelo kwezinye izindawo zaseRussia, nakwamanye amazwe ase-USSR yangaphambili.

Amazambane alezi zinhlobonhlobo afaneleka kakhulu ezinomanzi, hhayi isimo sezulu esishisayo. Ezindaweni lapho kusetshenzwa khona izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi noma ukoma, faka ama-ridato ama-ridato amakhulu futhi uwaphuze njalo. Ngesikhathi sokutshala wenze inani elengeziwe le-calcium. Ungaphazamisi ukusetshenziswa komquba womhlabathi.

Ukukhiqiza kuxhomeke esifundeni. I-value yamathani angama-45 ku-hektare ngokuvamile iboniswa. Isivuno esiphezulu sifinyelela kumathani angu-60 ngehektare. Ukuvuna amazambane amancane angafinyelela kuma-230-250 angama-hegtare angamahektha ngalinye. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngo-Agasti, endaweni efanayo, isilinganiso sokuqoqwa kokubili kabili.

Ungaqhathanisa izithelo nezinye izinhlobo etafuleni elingezansi:

Ukuthandana kuvela okuhle kakhulu kuya kokunethezeka kakhulu. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid, amaminerali namavithamini.

Amazambane ama-Red Scarlett - ibanga elivuthiwe. Emva kokutshala, imbewu yezilimo eziyizigaxa zithatha cishe izinsuku ezingu 65-70, futhi ungakwazi ukuvuna isivuno esisha. Ehlathini kukhona ama-tuberiti angu-14-15.

Ithebula elihlukahlukene. Okuhlwabusayo futhi okuthosiwe, futhi abilisiwe. Sika tincetu zivame ukuzigcina kahle, ukuze i-Red Scarlett isetshenziswe njalo ukwenza amaFries nama-chips.

Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso kuvamile noma kancane ngaphezu kwesilinganiso. Ngezinga lokumelana nesomiso, ibanga linikezwe inani lamaphuzu angu-6.5. Ngokusho kwalesi simiso, amaphuzu amathathu ahambisana nobuzwe besomiso, amaphuzu angu-9 - ukuzinza okuhle.

Ukukhula

I-agrotechnology yalezi mbatata inendlela elandelayo: inhlabathi kumele ngokuqinisekile ivuleke ngokwanele, ngakho-ke kuphela uhlelo lwempande nezilimo eziyizigaxa luzohlinzeka kahle ngomswakama nomoya.

Izinhlobo ezivela eHolland njalo kudingeka ukugcina umswakama omuhle womhlabathi. Kuze kube sekugcineni, lezi zintaba zenziwa 10-20 cm ephakeme kunezinye izinhlobo, futhi zisekela ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa kusuka ku-70 ukuya ku-80 cm.

Kusukela ekwindla, i-bio-fertilizer ifakwa enhlabathini, isibonelo, humus noma peat. Mayelana nokuthi nini ukondla kanjani, kanjani ukukwenza lapho utshalwa, funda izihloko zesayithi lethu.

Indima ekhethekile ekulungiseleleni inhlabathi amazambane unikezwa ukutshala okunye. Uma izitshalo zikhula esakhiweni sonyaka odlule, inhlabathi yayilungiselelwe ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Izitshalo namazambane zihamba kahle njalo ngonyaka.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa zingabi mnyama ngokulimala komshini futhi zithwale kahle.

Kunezindlela eziningi ezithakazelisayo zokutshala amazambane. Sinikeza ukujwayela ubuchwepheshe beDutch, funda ngokukhula ngaphansi komshini, emibhalweni nasesikhwameni.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziye zafakazela ukuthi ziphikisana nezifo nezifo ezilandelayo:

• amazambane nematode;
• umdlavuza;
• igciwane A;
• igciwane Yn (noma i-PVYn).

Ukumelana okuphakathi - kuya esikhaleni esivamile kanye phezulu kwezinto ezilimazayo. I-Red Scarlett inokumelana nokuphikisana okuphezulu kwesikhathi kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.

Funda futhi ngalezi zifo ezivamile zezambane njenge-Alternaria, i-Fusarium ne-Verticillis.

Njengazo zonke amazambane, i-Red Scarlett ingadinga ukuvikelwa kwi-Colorado amazambane beetle kanye nezibungu zayo.

Indlela ongayisebenzisa ekulwa namakhemikhali ama-insects namakhemikhali, funda izihloko kwiwebsite yethu.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukuze unakekele kahle amazambane ama-Red Scarlett, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ekhaya, eHolland, likhule ngokuvumelana nesistimu ehlelwe kahle.

Ngomongo waseRussia, akunakwenzeka ukunganaki izincomo ezibalulekile, ezibonisiwe. Ngakho kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele ngokucophelela ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zomuntu ngamunye futhi akumukeleki "ukulondoloza isikhala": lokhu kuzoholela ekulahlekeni kwezitshalo.

Mayelana namathiphu okulungiselela ezihlukahlukene ze-Red Scarlett yokugcina isitoreji, ukusebenza okuphumelelayo kakhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukususa iziqongo. Izinsuku ezingu-10 (ubuncane) ezinsukwini ezingu-7 ngaphambi kokumba izilimo eziyizigaxa, iziqongo ziyadliwa futhi zisuswe ensimini.

Izinsuku ezisele ngaphambi kokuvuna zidinga amazambane ukuze ziqiniseke. I-rind firmer izovikela kangcono izilimo eziyizigaxa ekulimazeni ngesikhathi sokumba nokuhamba. Uma utshala amazambane ama-Red Scarlett eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili kaMeyi, lapho isimo sezulu sivame ukuvuna, uzokwazi ukuvuna engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti.

Naphezu kokuphikiswa okuphezulu kwalezi zifo ezifweni nezilokazane, idinga ukwelashwa okuvamile ngezinambuzane, ukubulala imithi kanye namafungicide ngokuhambisana nokulingana kwemithi.

Isici esibalulekile se-Red Scarlett ezihlukahlukene ukuthi ayilahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo phakathi nokugcina.. Amazambane aphekwe ngoFebhuwari noma ngo-March awafani nokunambitha nezakhiwo ezivela kulabo abavuthiwe nje.

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu ezikhishwe, i-Red Scarlett ingenye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezifunwa.

Ngezansi kwetafula uzothola izixhumanisi ezihlokweni ezinhlobo zamazambane ukuvuthwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene: