Ubuchwepheshe beDutch obuhle kakhulu bokukhulela amazambane: incazelo yendlela kanye nemithetho yokusetshenziswa emgwaqweni nasekhaya

Abaningi benu bakhule amazambane kusayithi lakho. Ngokujwayelekile isivuno siphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi kungakhula cishe kabili. Yilokho kanye okwenziwa yizobuchwepheshe bezambane zaseDutch. Sekuyiminyaka embalwa, abalimi basebenzise ngempumelelo indlela yokutshala amazambane aseDutch, ehlukaniswa isivuno esikhulu. Ngaphambilini, le ndlela yayibhekwa njengeyamukelekayo kuphela kumafemu amakhulu, kodwa futhi yaqala ukusebenza ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Lesi sihloko sichaza ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokutshala amazambane usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beDutch futhi uthole isivuno esihle.

Iyini le ndlela?

Ngakho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kwenzeka ezimweni ezihle kakhulu. Etholakala emagqumeni, banokufinyelela ngqo emisebeni yelanga.

Imithetho eyisisekelo elandelayo yobuchwepheshe beDutch:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphakeme kakhulu zokutshala, ezithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile nezindawo zokudlela.
2. Ukusebenzisa isimiso sokujikeleza kwezitshalo - indawo yokufika kufanele ishintshwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ama-precursors ama-mbatata amahle yizolimo nezitshalo.
3. Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanele kumanyolo afanelekayo.
4. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane zezitshalo zemifino, kanye nemithombo ye-viral and bacterial contamination.
5. Ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi okukhethekile entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

Le nqubo ayibekezelelanga ukusebenza kwe-amateur - zonke izinqubo kufanele zihambisane futhi zifike ngesikhathi. Ubuchwepheshe bukhiqiza kakhulu - isivuno esivela esihlahleni esisodwa sifinyelela ku-1.5-2.5 kg. Ngakho-ke, emkhakheni ojwayelekile wekhaya, umlimi uzothola cishe ama-kilogram ama-300 amazambane akhethiwe avela ku-weave.

Izinzuzo nezindleko zendlela

Imiphumela emihle yokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beDutch:

• Ukuvuna okusheshayo kubonga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zamazambane zakuqala.
• Ukwakhiwa okunamandla kakhulu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ehlathini ngalinye.
• Ifomu elungile kanye nohlobo oluthile lokutshala imifino.
• Izici zokunambitheka okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokugcina.

Izinkinga zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlakulela amazambane ngokwendlela yeDutch kudinga umzamo omkhulu kumlimi ngesikhathi sonke sokudla, kufanele kube nokuqaphela okukhethekile emsebenzini wokulungiselela.
• Ukuyinkimbinkimbi kokugcina izitshalo zokutshala kwezitshalo ezindaweni ezincane zasemadolobheni.
• Ukwenyuka okwedlulele ngenxa yokulondoloza isikhala kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwendlela.
• Umlimi wezandla angenza iphutha ngokuthenga izinto zokutshala - kukhona okuhlangenwe nakho okudingekayo ukuthenga izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.
• Umhlali wehlobo akanalo ithuba lokunamathela ngokuqinile emigomo yazo zonke izindlela ezidingekayo.

Izimo ezidingekayo ezweni

Ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle, izinqubo eziqinile kufanele zilandelwe.

Ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene

Izinhlobo zeDutch zifanelekile kakhulu kule ndlela.. Zibhekwa njengeziphikisana nezifo eziningi, kanye nezimo zezulu ezingaguquki. Umlimi kufanele anake izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ISanta;
• I-Scarlett Ebomvu;
• Ngaphambi kwalokho;
• Mona Lisa;
• I-Romano;
• I-Condor

Ama-agronomists aseRussia avela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho akhuthazwa ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifuywayo ngenxa yezimo zezulu.

Kungakhathaliseki ibanga elikhethiwe, izinto zokutshala kufanele zilungiselelwe kahle.

Ukuze uthole amahlumela anamandla, amazambane kufanele abe yi-varietal futhi ayinkulu kakhulu. Imingcele emihle yamazambane - 5 cm ububanzi ngesisindo kuze kube ngu-50 g. Amehlo akufanele abe ngaphansi kwama-5. Amazambane ahlwanyelwe emgqeni omncane wephepha noma izicubu ngaphakathi kwenyanga ekushiseni okungekho ngaphezu kwe-+18 ° C.

Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ukutshala lapho amahlumela efinyelela ku-5 mm. Lona usayizi ofanele kakhulu wokutshala izinto. Le mithetho kufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile kuphela ngokufika ngokuhlelekile ukuvimbela umonakalo emahlumela. Ezimweni zendlu yasehlobo, ubude behlumela kufika ku-2.5 cm kungenzeka.

Izwe, amathuluzi kanye namanyolo

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi kufanele kube khona ukuwa. Isayithi lokufika kufanele libe yizinga eliphakeme ekukhuphukeni okuncane, kanye nokukhanya kahle. Lezi zimo zibaluleke kakhulu ukuze kugweme ukuqhuma kwesimiso esiyingozi.

Ngemuva kokuphawula imibhede, kufanelekile ukumba umhlabathi ekujuleni kwe-22-27 cm, kanye nomanyolo. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, umquba ovuthiwe noma umquba. Ngokuphathelene nezinhlanganisela ezingavamile, engeza ama-20 g we-potassium sulfate no-50 g we-superphosphate ngomitha wendawo ngayinye.

Inzuzo eyengeziwe izohlwanyela isayithi nezitshalo ezizofakwa kamuva emhlabathini, ziwuthembe nge nitrogen - alfalfa, lwesinaphi noma ukudlwengulwa. Yonke into eyenziwa kahle iqhutshwa ngokuhlelwa ngokulimala noma umlimi onesidiski.

Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, umbhede utshalwa kabusha, ngalesi sikhathi kuvuselela inhlabathi nge-carbamide noma i-ammonium sulfate (40-50 g ngayinye²). I-Urea ingafakwa futhi. Ukucubungula phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwenziwa ngumuntu ohlala e-frezoy-umlimi, owehlisa, okhulula futhi ohlalisa inhlabathi.

Amafolda ejwayelekile anomkhawulo wokujula angasetshenziswa (ubukhulu bamazinyo kufanele bube ngu-6 mm, futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe ngu-30 mm).

Kubalulekile ukunciphisa isikhala phakathi kwesikhathi sokulungiselela umhlabathi nokutshala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ukuze umhlaba ungalahlekelwa umswakama kanye ne-oxygen. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukulinda inhlabathi ukufudumala kuze + 10 ° С.

Izinto zokutshala zifakwe amahlumela kuze kufike ku 6-8 cm ngokujula ngamadota, ama-eggshell kanye ne-onion ikhasi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla ezizayo kufanele libe ngu-30 cm, futhi phakathi kwemigqa ngokwayo - 70-75 cm i-ridge ephezulu ihlanganiswa nendawo engezansi ye-1500 cm². Izimo ezinjalo zinikeza ukondla okuphezulu kwesibhakabhaka, izimpande ziyancipha, futhi amanzi amaningi adlula ngokukhululekile phakathi kwezingqimba.

Ukunakekelwa kokutshala

Uma iziqu zokuqala zivela, kufanele ususe ngokucophelela yonke ukhula bese uhlanganisa izithombo ukuze u-shaft ufinyelele ukuphakama kwe-12 cm. Ububanzi obuningi be-embankment kufanele bube ngu-35 cm. Ngemva kwenyanga, inqubo ye-weeding kumele iphindwe futhi imigwaqo kufanele ikhuphuke ibe yi-30 cm. Ungasebenzisa i-hoe noma ifosholo.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukubulala ukhula kuyasetshenziselwa ukulawula ukhula. Futhi ngalezi zinhloso, kuvunyelwe ukugcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwemigqa ne-peat crumb noma utshani olusha.

Ukunisela kungcono kakhulu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuchelela kokunisela.. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, yonke inkathi yemifino iqhutshwa izikhathi ezintathu - ngaphambi kokuvela kwefihlekile, izinsuku ezingu-7-10 emva kokuqala kwezimbali ezisebenzayo, bese kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 kuphelile.

Ukucubungula kusuka e-Colorado amazambane we-mbatata kwenziwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuvuna kwezihlahla, bese uphinda izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngaphezulu. Ukuze ugweme ukuhlala, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ithuluzi elisha isikhathi ngasinye - "Zukoed", "Bankol", "Corado".

Ukuvimbela ukulimala okwesikhashana kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingu-5-6 ngezikhathi ezithile ngezidakamizwa ezifana "Skor", "Topaz", "HOM".

Ngaphambi kokuvuna amazambane, amahlumela avuna futhi ashiswa.. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zishiywe emhlabathini ngamanye amaviki angu-1.5 ukwenza isikhumba sabo sibe nzima kakhulu. Lokhu kuzovumela ukuthi imifino igcinwe isikhathi eside.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani le ndlela ekhaya?

Kuyathakazelisa ngokufanayo ukuzama ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe beDutch ngokuqondile ebhokisini. Ukwenza lokhu:

1. Lungiselela amabhokisi, izikhwama noma amabhakede lapho amazambane azokhula khona bese uwabeka kwi-loggia efudumele. Ukujula kwezinto kufanele kube okungenani ngu-25 cm.
2. Khetha inhlabathi - umoya, kodwa hhayi ekhululekile kakhulu. Faka uhlaka lwamamitha angu-2-3 cm phansi kwebhodini.
3. I-substrate efanelekayo - i-turf noma i-compost ebolile.
4. Hlaza izilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi kokutshala bese uzifaka esitsheni ngezihlumela phezulu ezinqabeni ezintathu (umugqa wokuqala - 6 cm ukusuka phansi, bese kuthi ezinye ezimbili zinezikhathi ezifanayo). Lokhu kuzosindisa kakhulu isikhala.
5. Umbuso wokushisa kufanele uzinze ngaphandle kwehla ngokuzumayo (25-32 ° C), futhi umswakama womoya awufanele udlule 65-75%. Imingcele enjalo izoba negalelo ekuhlukaneni okukhulu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.
6. Ukunisela kudinga ukuthi kube nesikhathi esincane kakhulu njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-12-15, okuzovikela izimpande ekuguleni nasezikhungweni ze-fungal.
7. Izitshalo zokudla - izakhi zomquba zamaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinsuku ezingu-7 phakathi nesikhathi sokudla.

Ngokunamathela ngokuqinile endleleni, kuyokwazi ukuqoqa 1.5 kg yezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezivela ehlathini elilodwa. futhi udle amazambane ozenziwe endaweni yokuhlala emadolobheni.

Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo baseDutch kuyindlela enokwethenjelwa yokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokutshala amazambane. Impahla ye-Elite yembewu kanye nomzamo owenziwe ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithethonqubo, izokhokhela inani lezithombo kanye nekhwalithi yezilimo eziyizigaxa.