I-Phytophthora iyi-fungus engumzimba oyingozi ehlasela utamatisi, amazambane nezinye izitshalo. Iphuzu elibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuthuthukiswa kwesimiso esibucayi sekukhethwa yizinhlobo zezifo ezingamelana nezifo.
Lesi sifo sisakazwa yizinhlamvu, futhi sithinta isikhala phakathi kwamaseli, okwenza izithelo zibole, futhi amaqabunga namahlumela abomile. Ezimweni zokushisa, ingozi yokutheleleka kwetamatisi iyanda.
Umswakama ophezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umoya oshonile - izimo ezihle zokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwefungusangwane yama-parasite. Uma lesi sifo sihlala isikhathi eside, sizobhubhisa sonke isitshalo.
Ingozi yokugula
Ukulimala kwesikhathi eside yisifo esibi kakhulu, ngoba asikwazi ukubonakala esigabeni sokuqala.. Izingxabano azigcini nje kuphela, kodwa zingazivumelanisa namakhemikhali. I-Spores ibekezelela ukushisa uma isesimweni sokulala. Bahlala ekwakhiweni, ekusungulweni.
Emhlabathini, kwi-garters for utamatisi, kumbewu. I-Phytophthora esiteji sokuqala yentuthuko ibonakaliswa ngamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezithelo, iziqu kanye namahlamvu. Uma ungenzi ukwelashwa, amaqabunga aqala ukuma, futhi isithelo sinokukhubazeka kakhulu, futhi kukhona ukubola ngephunga elimnandi.
I-Phytophthora ikwazi ukubhubhisa kuze kufinyelele ku-70% yesitshalo sezotamatisi. Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nezithelo ezibonakala ziphilile ezithathwe ekuvuthweni ziqala ukubola ezindaweni zokugcina.
Ukulimala kwesikhashana kusakazeka ngokushesha ngamazambane amazambane, ngakho ukutshala utamatisi eduze kokutshala kwamazambane akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Utamatisi ukuzivikela ekuguleni: iqiniso noma inganekwane?
Ababelethi basebenza ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha zika utamatisi ezinamathele ku-phytophthora, futhi baphumelela. Kodwa azikho izinhlobo ezinjalo ezivikelekile kulesi sifo. Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa zahlukaniswa, ezinika isivuno kuze kube sekupheleni kokulimaza kokuqala.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu Utamatisi nzalo une-immunity engconookuyinto kusiza isitshalo hhayi ukuthola phytophthora. Cabangela utamatisi ovame kakhulu, othanda abalimi ezweni lakithi.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu
Uma kukhona izakhiwo ezinkulu, izakhiwo ezinkulu esakhiweni, khona-ke zingatshalwa ngezinhlobo ze-utamatisi ezingazinzile nezithelo ezinkulu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zigxila kancane, njengoba ziqedile futhi zilungiselela ama-juice, ama-tomato namadayisi, azifaneleki ukunamathela.
Ithi iphakama
Izindebe, izinhlobo ezikhiqizayo ezizohlobisa noma yiliphi isayithi. Isihlahla sibukeka njengomvini, lapho amagatsha ezithelo ehlelwe khona njengamagilebhisi. Isikhumba se-utamatisi sinomdlandla, siphundu, siphundu, okuvimbela ukuphahlazeka.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu, isisindo sesitamatisi esisodwa sifinyelela amagremu angu-400. eyodwa shrub inikeza 6 kg izithelo. Lona umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu futhi unempilo abalimi abaningi abathanda.
I-Etoile
Leli banga lenzelwe umhlabathi ovaliwe. Isiqu si-lianovid futhi singakwazi ukukhula ngokungapheli, kodwa abalimi baneluleke ukuba baphonce ithiphu ngamamitha ayi-1.5, bese bakha isihlahla ngaphandle kwezinhlaka ezintathu.
Uma wenza inombolo enkulu yeziqu, izithelo ziyochotshozwa, njengoba bengenayo izakhi ezanele. Utamatisi ovuthiwe ovuthiwe, onesithelo esizungezile lapho kuqhutshwa khona izigqoko ezigqamile. Izinhlobonhlobo zikhulu-fruited, nge ubuchwepheshe obuhle kwezobuchwepheshe, isisindo 300 amagremu.
Esmira
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezitamatisi ezibomvu, ezihlamba ukunikeza isivuno esikhulu, ngokuya kokwakhiwa kwesihlahla esitokisini esingu-1. Izinhlangothi ezithandekayo zika utamatisi:
- izithelo - 300 g;
- umbala - pink;
- ama-ovari enza ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimbi;
- ukugcina okuhle nokuhamba;
- ukumelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.
Abanye balimi benza ama-cuttings amabili, kodwa lokhu akukwandisi isivuno, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukulinda utamatisi ovuthiwe.
Isibhedlela iTarasenko
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu zokuthela izithombo zokugcina, ezijabulisa abamalimi abaningi, njengokusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungakwazi ukufika ku-15 kg wezithelo ezivuthiwe, ezihlwabusayo. Utamatisi udinga i-garters kanye nokubunjwa kwamahlathi. Uma indawo yokushisa ivumela indawo, ungafaka iziqu ezintathu.
1884
Umnikazi wokurekhoda wezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezinkulu-fruited. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isisindo somutamatisi owodwa singafinyelela ku-1 kg. okungenani izitshalo ezimbili zitshalwe endaweni eyodwa yendawo yokushisa. Ezihlukahlukene ezide - kufika kumamitha amabili. Ngesikhathi sokugcina ikhefu kuphela i-stem eyinhloko, edinga ukusekela okuhle nama-garters, njengoba izithelo zinzima kakhulu.
Okuphakathi okuhambisanayo
Ukuma kwesithelo kulezi zinhlobonhlobo kuyinto encane, okuyivumela ukuthi ingasetshenziswanga nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ikwazi ukukhanda. Lezi yizitamatisi zendawo yonke.
I-Gypsy
Izithelo ezinhle ezibomvu ezinezintambo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhakakungase kusimangaze omakhelwane nezivakashi. Isiko esinqunyiwe senzelwe ukutshala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Lesi sitshalo siphakathi nonyaka, isivuno siqala ukunikeza ngezinsuku ezingama-95.
Isimo se-Hali
Okuhle kakhulu, phakathi nonyaka-sonyaka, ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene zamatamatisi. Izithelo zincane ngesikhumba esicacile, isikhumba esinomsoco nesinambitheka esihle kakhulu.
Utamatisi obamba ukushisa, kudinga ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla kanye nama-garters. Umkhiqizo uphakeme, okwenza utamatisi ukhange ukutshala e-dacha. Ababelethi baletha le hybrid ngokumelene nokulimala okuphelile, isikhumba se-powdery nezinye izifo.
Frost
I-hybrid ehle kakhulu edinga amahora angu-14 emini. Ibanga lihloselwe ukutshala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. uma isiko sitshalwe emgwaqeni ophakathi, kufanele uqaphele ukukhanya okungeziwe, kodwa lokhu akuwona wonke ama-nuances wokulima. Ukuhlukanisa okuhlukile:
- Izinsuku ezingama-50 ngaphambi kokutshala ku-greenhouse kuveza imbewu;
- ukutshala kwabantu - izihlahla ezintathu ngamamitha ayi-square;
- ukondla njalo emavikini amabili;
- Ukuze uthole isivuno esheshayo futhi esihle isivuno emahlathini amabili.
Ukudla okumnandi eMoscow
Utamatisi omnandi, ophezulu, oye wathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, ngokuthanda kwawo okukhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe kuphela izithombo zokugcina. Isihlahla sikhula sibe ngamamitha angu-1.8 ukuphakama. Isitshalo esikhulu kakhulu futhi sidinga indlela ekhethekile yokulima.
Izithelo zesitshalo akuzona ezinkulu, ezilinganisa 180 g kuphela, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa utamatisi ekuvuneni kwasebusika. Umbala wezotamatisi ukhangayo kakhulu ngezimvuthwane ezingabonakali kahle. Kudinga ama-garters nokubunjwa kwamahlathi. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayeluleka ukususa wonke amaqabunga aphansi, ukuvimbela izifo.
I-Silver fir
Izinhlobonhlobo zihlobisa kakhulu, njengoba amaqabunga ayo aqoshiwe, amancane aphethe i-plaque yesiliva. Izithelo ezivela ebomvu ezibomvu kuya ku-orange, ezungezwe ngesimo seplati. Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuyinto enhle, ecebile, okukuvumela ukuba uyisebenzise njengesidlo esihlukile, futhi ulungiselela amajusi.
Ibanga elivuthiwe lokulima endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Isihlahla sihle kakhulu, kodwa sidinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile - garter, pasynkovanie. Ukuphikisa phytophthora.
Ide kakhulu futhi iphansi
Utamatisi amancane ane-flavour ecebile, kuyilapho aqukethe amavithamini amaningi nezakhi. Cabanga ngezinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko zamatamatisi nezithelo ezincane.
Ukuhamba
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala, izinhlobo ezincane ezincane, izihlahla ezincane kuphela zi-0.5m ubude. Kuphela izinsuku ezingu-85 kuphela kusukela ekutshalweni kuya ezenzweni zokuqala. Ukuma kwesithelo kuhlanganiswe nophuzu olukhali, kubonakala kuhle kakhulu kufomu ekheniwe. Isisindo sesitamatisi esisodwa asidluli ama-gramu angu-60. ngenxa yesikhumba sayo esinyene, utamatisi ugcinwe kahle futhi uhanjiswe.
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu, ezikwazi ukunikeza isitshalo ngaphambi kweqhwa, okwenza kube yingozi kwizifo ze-fungal.
Uma i-greenhouse esakhiweni ishisa, kungenzeka ukukhula izitshalo ezimbili ngenkathi ngayinye.
Akudingi ukwakheka kwesihlahla, kepha izitshalo ziyadingeka ukuze iziqu zingaphuli esisisindo sesithelo.
Umdlali
Izinhlobo zezihlahla zezitshalo zikhula okungaphezulu kwesigamu semitha. Ukuhlanganiswa kwetamatisi kukuvumela ukuba utshale njalo, kanti isihlahla esisodwa ngesizini sinika u-7 kg wezitshalo. Izithelo ezincane zithokozisa emagatsheni. Lesi yisitshalo se-hybrid, esingamelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. ibanga laziwa ngezimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukuzivikela okuhle;
- ungesabi izinguquko zokushisa;
- ikhula kahle kuma-balconi nasefasiteleni elayini;
- unomusa omuhle.
Ukuphazamiseka ukuthi utamatisi cishe akuqambi amanga, ngokushesha uqala ukuwohloka. Kodwa ngisho nezingane zenza amalungiselelo namaju ezenziwe kuwo.
Schelkovsky ekuqaleni
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zika utamatisi, ezibomvu, izithelo ezincane. Kusukela kokutshala kuya ekuvuneni kokuqala kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-80 kuphela. Khula ezihlukahlukene kuphela ezimweni zokushisa futhi kunezinzuzo ezithile:
- Isikhathi esifushane sokukhula;
- ukumelana phytophthora;
- yonke indawo esebenzayo;
- izithelo ziphakeme, ngisho nalapho zikhulile embizeni yembali ebhalini.
Ukumelana nokulimala kwesikhashana sekuphakeme kangangokuthi ezihlukahlukene zikhule ngisho nangaphansi kokugqoka ifilimu.
I-Ephemer
Utamatisi owedlule kanye nesihlahla esincane - 70 cm. Izithelo zincane, ngisho nokubomvu kwesisindo esingama-60 g ngamunye. Umkhiqizo wezinhlobonhlobo uphezulu kakhulu, kusukela ehlathini ungakhuphukela ku-6 kg wezithelo.
Utamatisi uqoqwe ngezibhamu, 8-10 izicucu. Amapulazi athande lokhu okuhlukahlukene ukuze kube nesethulo, ukuzinza kwezithelo ukuthutha nokugcina isikhathi eside. Utamatisi afanele ukutshala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo zokugcina, futhi ukushisa okushisa kungase kube nokugqoka ifilimu. Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezifo ze-fungal.
Isiphetho
Ukulimala okwesikhashana kukhulisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa kwezitshalo zotamatisi ngokugcwele, kepha ngokukhetha okulungile kokutshala izinto, indlela enamandla yokulima, kungenzeka ukuba ugweme le nhlekelele esakhiweni sakho. Uma ukhula utamatisi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, kufanele ugcine imithetho elandelayo:
- ukushayela njalo;
- ukwelashwa nama-prophylactic agents;
- ukunakekela kahle utamatisi;
- ukuphuza kuphela empande.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo eziqinile kuphela ezidlulile ngaphambi kokubhakabhaka zitshalwe endaweni yokushisa.
