Sijwayelene nama-orange gerberas futhi sifunda ngemithetho yokunakekela, ukulima nokukhiqiza

I-Gerbera iyisitshalo esine-herbaceous esingapheli, esingomndeni wakwa-Astrov. Kusukela esihlahleni esinyene esitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, i-rosette eneamaqabunga ama-pinnate amakhulu anemiphetho ebukhali ikhula.

I-Peduncle ayinawo amaqabunga, inciphisa futhi ifinyelela kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-65 cm ukuphakama. Uthando lwabalimi base-gerberas alufanelanga umkhondo isikhathi eside: kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Ikakhulukazi yaqala ukukhula ekuthandeni kwezimbali kule minyaka engamashumi amahlanu edlule. Kusukela ezitshalweni zasendle zase-Afrika, i-gerberas iphenduke izintandokazi ezinhle kakhulu zabalimi bembali baseYurophu.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando

Lesi sitshalo yisikhathi eside sokuhlala komndeni wakwa-Astrov. Isiqu, esivela kuso isikhwama esineziqabunga zamagilebhisi, sitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba. I-Peduncle gerbera ikhula ngaphandle kwamahlamvuUkuphakama kwalo kufinyelela kumamitha angu-30-65.

Ngokuvamile, i-flower basket iyinkulu kakhulu, enezikhala ezinjengamahlanga. Zingatholakala endaweni eyodwa noma eminingana.

I-gerberas engaphandle ingaqhakaza sonke isihlobo sasehlobo. Ngemuva kokubhola amabhokisi amabhodlela, ukuvuthwa okuwela ekupheleni kwehlobo - ekuqaleni kwekwindla.

Uma sikhuluma ngomlando wezimanga zase-Afrika, lapha kufanelekile ukukhumbula indaba eyodwa enhle. Ikhuluma ngengelosi yasezulwini eyake yaveza imizwa yentombazane yasemhlabeni. Kodwa le ngelosi yayiyazi kahle ukuthi ayengeke ibe ndawonye.

Ngakho-ke, nganquma ukunikeza intombazane isipho njengesimo se-star glade. Lezi zinkanyezi ziphenduke zibe yi-orange gerberas. Le ntombazane, ebona ithalenta layo, yahleka nje. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinkanyezi-izibani ziye zaba uphawu lobuqotho.

Incazelo yokubukeka nezici

Ipuleti emaphethelweni emaphethelweni njengokungathi usikwe. Ngalesi sibalo sabo, bafihla iziqu ezincane. Imbali ngayinye ikhula ngokwahlukana. Ama-buds angafinyelela kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 amasentimitha ububanzi. Kukhona amabhasikidi embali emicibisholo yembali.

Ukungajwayelekile kwe-orange gerberas ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zale mthunzi.

Okuvamile kakhulu:

1. I-caroline enhle. Amafutha ahlukene e-orange ane amathiphu aphuzi.
2. I-Orangina. Izilimi zombala ovuthayo, kodwa ngezindwangu zegolide.
3. Ubumnandi obuhle. Imbali yonke i-orange, futhi ingqikithi yayo iphuzi.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo ungabona isithombe se-orange Gerbers:

Ngabe kuphi futhi kuphi?

I-orange gerbera etshalwe ezitshalweni ezivulekile zomhlabathi. Ngokokuqala ngqa, kungase kubonakale kunzima ukufeza le nqubo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umgadi wegadi oyisitimu uzokwenza (sitshela ngokuningiliziwe lapha ukuthi ama-gerberas ahlwanyelwe kanjani emhlabathini ovulekile nokuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okudingayo.

Umyalo wokutshala izimbali

1. Ukuthengwa kwezinto zokutshala. Uma usukhulile i-gerberas ngaphambili, ungakwazi ukuqoqa imbewu ebhokisini. Uma nje wanquma ukuthola lezi zimbali, imbewu ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile.

   Sincoma ukuthi ukhethe abakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe kuphela futhi ukhokhele ngokukhethekile impilo yeshalofu.

2. Ukuze unqume usuku lokutshala, gxila ukuthi i-gerberas iqala ukuqhakaza ngemva konyaka owodwa wokukhula nokuthuthukiswa.
3. Amabhokisi wezithombo akudingeki ukuba afinyelele, ngoba maduzane kuzodingeka udilize izithombo.

   Ungakhohlwa mayelana nesendlalelo esihle se-drainage.

4. Ukuze ulungise ingxube yomhlabathi izithombo ngokwayo, udinga ukuthatha inhlabathi, i-humus kanye ne-sheet inhlabathi ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Kodwa kungaba ngcono ukuthenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo sembali. Inhlabathi ephelele yama roses.
5. Kuhle ukuthululela ingxube elungiselelwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
6. Ukuhlwanyela okutshaliwe kuhlwanyelwe, kushiya isikwele esingamamentimitha angu-2 enzalweni ngayinye nokuyihlwitha kancane.
7. Indawo yezithombo zikhetha ukushisa nokumnyama.
8. Amahlumela avamile aboniswa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
9. Ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga amathathu okuqala avele, izithombo zingasetshenziswa zibe yiziqukathi ezihlukene.
10. Uma usuqaphela amaqabunga angaphezu kwamahlanu, kudingeka ukhethe okwesibili, ngenkathi usebenzisa izimbiza ezijulile (ububanzi bawo kufanele bufinyelele ku-10-12 cm).
11. Ungakhohlwa ukondla izithombo nge umanyolo wamaminerali okungenani kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-15.

Kungenzeka ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela emva kokushisa kwebusuku ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuwa ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-18.
Zonke izinhlobo ze-gerberas ezikhulayo ezivela kumbewu zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kule ndaba.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

I-Orange Gerbera - isitshalo esidinga ukukhanya okuningi.. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha indawo yembali, kungcono ukukhetha okuseningizimu, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - ezinhlangothini ezisempumalanga. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yekamelo, imbali izobhekana nokuntuleka kokukhanya okuqhubekayo.

Esikhathini esifudumele sonyaka kuyoba usizo kakhulu ukuthatha i-gerbera emoyeni ovulekile.

Ukujwayela isitshalo ekushiseni okusha nokukhanya kancane kancane.

Ekwindla nasebusika, kufanelekile ukucabanga ngokukhanya okungeziwe. ngokuba "ilanga lasekhaya".

Izidingo zomhlaba

I-Gerberas ayinalo okukhethwayo okhethekile kwenhlabathi nhlobo.

Ungathatha noma yimuphi umhlaba jikelele ngokufaka i-vermiculite namalahle, i-peat, iqabunga lomhlaba nesihlabathi. Uma ungasebenzisi lezi zithasiselo, uzovikela isitshalo ekubolekeni kwesistimu. Kodwa kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukondle njalo izimbali. Isimo esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa okuhle kwe-gerbera kuba khona koqweqwe lwamanzi, olungadalwa ngosizo lobumba obunwetshiwe, amahlumela noma amagobolondo aqhekekile.

Izinsisekelo zokunakekelwa okufanele

• Ukushisa. Ababelethi bathanda ngokufudumele. Ngakho-ke, ngaphakathi endlini noma ngaphandle, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni lama-22-24 degrees ngaphezu kwezinga.

  Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukulwa nokushisa kwelanga lokulala nobusuku.

  Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma umhloli wezimbali efuna ukujabulela "izibani" isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ekupheleni kwezimbali, izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele lancishiswe kancane kancane ukuze ngesikhathi sebusika sifinyelele kumadijithi angu-14 ngaphezulu kwezinga.

• Imodi yokukhanya. Kufanele kube nokukhanya okuningi. Kodwa umsebenzi oyinhloko womlimi ukunikeza ukukhanya okungafani nokusiza i-gerbera ukuba ingabi ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile, elingashisa amaqabunga amahlamvu esitshalo.

  Uma i-flowerpot enembali isendaweni engeningizimu yekamelo, emahoreni ashisayo udinga ukuvala iwindi ngefestile ebonakalayo. Ubude bemibala buxhomeke ebude bemini: kufanele kube okungenani amahora ayishumi nambili.

• Ukunisela. Amanzi okugcoba inhlabathi kufanele athambile futhi ahlanzeke, abe nokushisa kwamakamelo.

  Kubalulekile ngenkathi ukuchelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi awawa esitolo seshidi.

  Ukunisela kuyadingeka ukuze inhlabathi ingapheli isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukugcoba kwe-substrate kufanele kunciphise kancane, kodwa kungavunyelwe ukukhipha umhlaba.

  Spray isitshalo ngokwazo akudingekile. Kuyokwanela ukuvuselela umoya ojikeleze i-gerbera.

  Isimo esibalulekile sokukhula okugcwele nokuthuthukiswa kwembali ukuhlinzeka ngobumba obunwetshiwe, amatshe amancane noma ama-moss epanini. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukubola kwempande.
• Umanyolo. Kuwanele ukuba abalimi bembali bakwazi ukondla i-gerbera kanye kuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-15 ngezikhungo ezikhethekile ezilungiselelwe izitshalo zezimbali.
• Ukufakelwa. Njalo ngonyaka kuyadingeka ukushintsha indawo "yokuhlala" ye-gerbera ibe yindawo evulekile kakhulu. Lapho u-transplanting, udinga ukuqiniseka ngokucophelela ukuthi umhlabathi ungangeni esitokisini seshidi, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi le ndawo ayikhiphi.

Kudingekile ukususa amafihledi aphelile ngesikhathi ukuze kungavimbeli ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwe-gerbera futhi ungaqhubeki izifo zayo.

Ukuzala

I-Gerbera ichithelwa yinzalo, ihlukanisa isihlahla noma ihlanganiswa. I-Cuttings ingadliwa kusuka emahlumela amancane enempilo futhi itshale emhlabathini. Okulandelayo - ukunakekelwa kuyafana nezitshalo.

Ungahlukanisa kuphela isihlahla esifike eminyakeni yobudala engaphansi kweminyaka emithathu, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwezinhlanu. Ukunakekela isihlahla esihlukanisiwe kufanele kufane nesitshalo somdala.

Abalimi bezithelo bazovula amahlumela abo kuphela ngonyaka ngemuva kokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Uma utshala izithombo ezincane kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi i-rosette yamashidi yayingu-1-2 centimitha ngaphezu komhlaba. Cishe zonke izindlela zokuzalisa abagibeli ekhaya, thola lapha.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Lolu hlobo lwezimbali lungalwa yizidumbu ezilandelayo:

• Idonsa likaMealy. Ivela ezimweni zomhlabathi wethamanzi, umswakama ophezulu kanye nokuphumula okungajwayelekile kwegumbi. Ngendlela, ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, i-gerbera ingase iqale ukubola uhlelo lwempande.

  Izimpawu zokuqala zentuthuko ye-powdery isikhutha zizokwenza amaqabunga - azoba ophuzi embala noma angabe abonisa ukuguqulwa kwesibhakabhaka. Ukuze ulwisane nale nkathazo, udinga ukuqeda konke ukushiyeka ekutshaleni imbali, ususe izingxenye ezithintekile uphinde ufeze isitshalo sonke nge-Fitosporin-M.

• Aphid, shchitovki, whiteflies kanye nezibungu. Ngokuvamile zivela ngenxa yokudlula kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini, kanye nangenxa yokunisela ngamanzi abandayo kanye nokushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa.

  Ukuze ubhekane nezinambuzane, udinga ukuqala ukunakekela lesi sitshalo futhi, futhi uyiphathe nge-fungicides. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi eziningana ngekhefu lezinsuku ezinhlanu.

• Isibungu se-spider. Ukuyiqaphela ngamehlo enqunu akulula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuhlola i-gerbera yokutheleleka.

  I-spider mite ivame ukubhujiswa ngosizo lwesisombululo sensipho (badinga ukusula zonke izingxenye zesitshalo) noma inambuzane. Inqubo yenziwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 nge-interval of days seven.

Ezifweni ezivamile ze-gerberas nezindlela eziphumelelayo zokubhekana nazo, funda isihloko sethu.

Isiphetho

Ukubamba iqhaza, singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi ama-gerberas e-orange anesitshalo esiyinkimbinkimbi esidinga ukunakwa njalo. Kodwa ukubukeka kwabo okuthakazelisayo kuwufanele yonke imizamo eyenziwe ngesikhathi sokulima.