Unganikeza ukunakekelwa okuhloniphekile kwe-begonia e-Elatior ekhaya? Amathiphu okutshala nokutshala izitshalo

I-Begonia Elatior (izimbali) - uhlobo oluvame kakhulu noluthandayo lwe-begonias yezimbali. Leli yizinhlobo ze-hybride, ezenziwe ngenxa yokuwela kweSocotransky begonia nase-tuberous.

Umphumela waba isitshalo esimangalisayo: izimbali ezikhanyayo ngokumelene namaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - kubonakala kunhle futhi kumangalisa.

Ngezansi kukhona izithombe ze-begonias ka-Elatior, okuyiqiniso, okungenzeka ukuthi iyingxenye eyodwa kuphela idlulisela ubuhle obuhle bomusa walesi simbali, futhi ithole indlela yokunakekela kahle lesi sitshalo.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nesithombe

U-Begonia Elatior ungummeleli webusika wezinhlamvu zeHiemalis. I-Evergreen ihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ikhulile njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke ephonswa ngaphandle kwembali.

Ukuphakama okukhulu kwembali kungamamitha angamashumi amane. Isitshalo sigxile futhi sinzima, umbala obomvu. Amaqabunga e-Begonia amancane; enemibala ekhanyayo, enombala obomvu ngokukhanya okukhulu. Izimbali zesitshalo zinkulu, zifinyelela ngamamitha amabili ububanzi. Amapetali ajwayelekile noma a-terry, ngezinye izikhathi ahlotshiswe emaphethelweni ane-fringe.

Yilokho u-Begonia Elatior abukeka:

Umlando we

I-Begonia yatholwa okokuqala ngunkosikazi uCharles Plume (kwakuyikhulu leminyaka leshumi nesikhombisa), wayeyilungu le-expedition eya e-Antilles. Sekuphelele, bathola izinhlobo eziyisithupha zalesi sitshalo. U-Plumier wanikeza igama lembali ngokuhlonipha umbusi walesi siqhingi, owayengumngane wakhe, uMichel Begon.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Ukukhanyisa

Nakuba lobu buhle bubuthanda ukukhanya kahle, kungcono ukumgcina ilanga eliqondile. Ukuze ukhule i-Elatioor efasiteleni, udinga amawindi ukuze ubheke izinhlangothi ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Uma ufaka u-begonia ngasehlangothini oluseningizimu, khona-ke luzoqhakaza ngezimbali ezincane.

Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama

Ukuze i-hybrid ikhule kahle futhi ikhule isikhathi eside, kufanele igcinwe ekamelweni elifudumele elinokushisa kwama-degree angu-18-20 I-Celsius. Uma izinga lokushisa egumbini lingaphansi kwesethi, i-begonia izoyeka ukukhula iphinde ibeke amahlumela. Akunakwenzeka ukutshala imbali endaweni ephansi yokushisa, ngaphandle kwalokho izoqala ukubola izimpande zayo noma iziqu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinga lokushisa lokushisa nemidwebo liphikisana nesitshalo.

I-Begonia Elatior idinga kakhulu umswakama womoya, noma kunjalo, akufanele ifakwe. Ukuze ukwandise umswakama oseduze naleso sitshalo, ungabeka imbiza emgodini ogcwele u-moss, ubumba obumanzi noma i-peat.

Izici zokufakelwa

I-Begonia kumele itshalwe enhlabathini evulekile, ephefumulayo kanye ne-permeable (ingxube yenhlabathi ye-peat, i-humus nesihlabathi). I-pot ebhodini kumele ibe yinkimbinkimbi, uhlelo lwayo lwempande lukhuni kakhulu futhi alufisi ukulufaka ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Kungenzeka ukutshala imbali emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sasebusika. Ngaphambi kokutshala kudingekile ukuba ugxilise izimpande zesitshalo emhlabathini bese ufake isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate ngehora elilodwa. Uma lesi sitshalo sinezimpande ezibuthakathaka futhi ezibolile, zidinga ukususwa.

Ibhodlela elisha kufanele libe ngamamentimitha amathathu ngaphezu kwesingaphambilini. Umhlabathi wokufakelwa kabusha kufanele ube okuxekethile futhi unomsoco ukuze ugcine umswakama kahle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo umile kahle. Ungakwazi ukuzilungiselela ngokuzimela umxube womhlaba.

Kulokhu uzodinga:

• indawo ye-peat;
• i-greenhouse humus;
• ama-humus amaqabunga.

Zonke lezi zakhi zidinga ukuxubaniswa ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Isihlabathi somfula we-Coarse kufanele sengezwe enhlabathini silungele ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonia. noma i-perlite.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ukunisela

U-Elatio begonia anganisela kuphela emva kokuba igumbi lobumba limile (okungenani kuya phakathi). Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganiselwe, ungayithinti ngamanzi - imbali ayikuvumeli ukungcolisa. Ayikho ibhodlela, noma amanzi epanini akufanele aqhube, ngaphandle kwalokho iziqu zesitshalo zizoqala ukubola. Kungcono ukungangezeli amanzi kunokuba uthele; ngeke kube khona emanzini amancane e-begonia, kodwa ukuchichima kuzoba nemiphumela emibi.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-Feed Elatio idinga kakhulu ngokucophelela. Ukondla, kusetshenziselwa umquba owodwa okhethekile owenziwe ngamaminerali. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa ukugqoka okuphilayo, ngoba ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-nitrogen ephilayo kuyokwenza ukuthi imbali iqukethe amanzi amaningi, alula futhi aphikisayo. Ngemuva kokudla okunomsoco we-begonias okusabalalisa okwesibhakabhaka kushiya okuningi okudingekayo, futhi izimbali ngokwazo azibuki njengokumangalisa njengoba kufanele.

Nip

Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uhlose ukuhlobisa imbali futhi unike noma yikuphi ukuma ngokuthanda (pyramidal, spherical, njalonjalo). Indlela yokugubha i-begonia? Kubalulekile ukufeza le nqubo noma ngaphambi kokuqhakaza noma emva (ekwindla noma entwasahlobo). Futhi udinga ukuchofoza kanje:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukuthola iphuzu eliphakeme lokukhula esiteshini esikhulu sesitshalo.
2. Manje udinga ukuyibeka ngobumnene eyodwa noma amabili amasentimitha.
3. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela okuqala kuzoqala.

Ngingabuyisa nini isitshalo emva kokuthenga?

Isimpande se-begonias siqala kancane futhi sithatha igumbi lesikhathi eside sobumba, ukuguqulwa okuvame kakhulu akuthandeki. I-begonia enempilo engazange ikwazi ukuyiqonda ngokugcwele imbiza ayishintshiwe. Kuyinto engathandeki ukubuyisela imbali ngokushesha ngemva kokuthenga kwayo. Okuhlukile kungaba isidingo esiphuthumayo salokhu. Nazi izizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ungahlwanyela u-begonia:

• izimpande zezimbali zineziqhingi ukuze zibuke ngaphandle kwezimbobo zokugeleza;
• Ukuphuza amaqabunga kugcinwa;
• izifo ze-fungal manifest;
• wathola izinambuzane emhlabathini;
• ibhodlela liwile phansi.

Kukhona enye indlela yokusiza ukuqonda uma ungabuyisa imbali. Ukwenza lokhu, ubambe isitshalo ngesandla esisodwa bese omunye uvula ibhodlela kanye nembali ehlangene phansi. Manje udinga ukudonsa ngobumnene ibhodlela ukuze uveze igumbi lobumba. Uma egcwele izimpande, sekuyisikhathi sokutshala lesi sitshalo.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Nakuba i-begonia iyisitshalo esibucayi kakhulu, kodwa izifo nezinambuzane azivame ukuthinteka. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo esingaphakathi, kungenzeka kube yinkinga enjalo njengesifo samaqabunga. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifo zezimbali:

1. Idonsa likaMealy. Leli qabunga ligcwele izindawo ezincane ezikhanyayo, ezikhula kancane kancane futhi zimboze yonke indawo ngezingubo ezimhlophe ze-powdery. Khona-ke ishidi lima futhi limile.
2. Grey ukubola. Emagqabeni, iziqongo zamahlumela nezimbali zivela emabala amhlophe ngeqhwa elimnyama, eliba mnyama, libe mnyama futhi limanzi. Izitshalo zibola futhi ziphule. Amaqabunga ahlanganiswe nezimbobo ezinkulu.
3. Ukuphawula kwamagciwane. I-bottomside yamaqabunga ihlanganiswe ngamanzi amaningi, okugcina agubha obumnyama; amaqabunga amaqabunga amnyama futhi.
4. Vula izindawo. Amaqabunga kancane kancane ahlanganiswa nezindawo ezikhanyayo namabala afile, amaqabunga athatha uhlaka lwebhusi.

Futhi u-begonia angahlasela ama-parasites. Nazi izinhlobo eziningana zezinambuzane kanye nezimpawu ze "tricks" zabo:

1. Umugwane ulula. Uma usulelekile ngalezi zinambuzane, lesi sitshalo sibuthakathaka futhi asiqhakazi kahle. Amaqabunga embali ayakhanya futhi aphume, kungase kube khona ukuhlasela ngendlela yeshukela.
2. Aphid Amaqabunga aphendukile, amaqoqo ezinambuzane abonakala ngaphansi kwe-underside (ubude bawo bufinyelela kumamitha amabili nengxenye).
3. Amaphiko amabili Amaqabunga e-Begonia aphenduka aphuzi, futhi ngaphansi kwe-underside kungabonakala izinambuzane ezifinyelela kumamitha amabili nengxenye ubude nezinhlangothi zombili zamaphiko ezimbozwe umhlophe omhlophe.
4. Thrips. Imbali isemuva ekukhuleni. Amaqabunga ahlukaniswa futhi aphenduke aphuzi, abonisa izinambuzane ezinsundu kuze kube ngamamitha amabili nesigamu ngobukhulu ngamabili amaphiko.
5. Gallic nematode - Isibungu esihlala ezimpandeni nasengxenyeni engezansi ye-stem. Yakha i-galls yokubeka amaqanda, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-gall nematode. Lezi zinambuzane zivusa ukubola kwesimiso kanye nokufa kwesitshalo.
6. Leaf nematode. Le mbungu ayikho ngaphezu kwe-millimeter eyodwa ubude, kepha ukulimala kuyo akusilo. Lapho kunqotshwa i-nematode yeqabunga, ihluma futhi igobe, futhi izindawo ezikhanyayo zivela emaqabunga.

Uma ufuna ukugcwalisa iqoqo lakho lezitshalo zasendlini ngesibonelo esinjalo njenge-begonia, khona-ke kufanele ulungele ukunakekelwa okuphelele nokulawula okungapheli kuzo zonke izici zemvelo zokubukeka okonakalayo futhi ukwazi ngezici zokukhiqiza kwayo. Kodwa le mizamo ayiyona ize, ngoba ekunakekeleni uzothokozisa ngezimbali eziqhakazile nezikhazimulayo.