Phakathi kwabalimi banamuhla, amaLithops athandwa kakhulu - aphuma emndenini we-Aizovs. Kubantu bathola igama elithi "amatshe aphilayo". Kuzakhamuzi zamazwe aseYurophu, lezi zitshalo azivamile. Izindleko zekhophi eyodwa ziphakeme kakhulu.
Lezi zimbali ezingenakukwazi ukulwa nokuhamba futhi ngokuzumayo ziyafa ezandleni zomnikazi osanda kuwenziwe. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukukhula i-Lithops embewu, futhi lena yindlela kuphela yokukhiqiza lezi zinhlanzi. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu. Ungabuye ubuke ividiyo ewusizo ngalesi sihloko.
Indlela yokukhulisa "amatshe aphilayo" ekhaya?
Ukuhluma i-lithops ekhaya kusuka enzalweni kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa isikhathi esiningi., ehluke kakhulu ekuzaleni izitshalo ezithandekayo. Akunzima ukufeza amahlumela okuqala, kodwa kuyoba nzima ukuba umqashi aqhubeke okungenani isigamu sezithombo.
Imbewu idinga izimo zokugcina ukushisa okuqhubekayo. Ukwehliswa nokushisa kwebusuku ebusuku kuzobulala amahlumela amancane. Kubalulekile ukukhetha izimo zasekhaya, ukwenqaba ukukhulisa i-Lithops embewu evulekile.
Kubalulekile: I-Lithops ezweni lakubo yizintaba eziqothile zaseBotswana naseNamibia, lapho izitshalo ezikhula khona zikhula emhlabathini ompofu nomile. Lezi zitshalo aziboni izikhukhula izinyanga, zigcina umswakama ngokucophelela emagqabeni azo. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokufa kwe-Lithops yi-bay, engabangela ukubola emahoreni ambalwa.
Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokutshala i-Lithops ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.. Ngaphambi kokushisa okuphansi nokukhanyisa okufakelwayo, ungahlwanyela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngezigaba zokuqala zokuhluma, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni kwenhlabathi. Kufanele ihluke phakathi kuka-27 + 30 degrees. Izimo ezipholile zizoholela ekubolekeni kwembewu kanye nokubunjwa kwesikhunta, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme ngokweqile "lizozibamba".
Izinga lokuhlwanyela
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela isitshalo, kufanele unqume ngesilinganiso sezithombo. Lesi sitshalo singenangqondo kakhulu lapho sisebancane, futhi ngisho nabaqoqi abanolwazi balahlekelwa yize okwesithathu kwezithombo. Kumasampuli wokuqala, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe izinhlobo ezivamile ezingezona ezebhribhi ezikhula kangcono, azidingi izimo futhi zibukeke zihle kakhulu.
Emvelweni, i-Lithops ikhula ngamaqembu aminyene futhi ayithandi isizungu.. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesampula esisodwa kwenzeka lapho umuntu ekhulile; ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuwahlwanyela ndawonye futhi osondelene nomunye nomunye.
Ngenxa yobungqayizivele bayo, imbewu ye-Lithops ayikwazi ukuthengwa esitolo sangasese sembali. Ikhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu yokutshala izinga ingathengwa ezandleni zabafaki bodwa nabaqoqi. Imbewu enjalo inokuhluma okuhle kakhulu futhi iyavumelana nezimo zefulethini elijwayelekile.
Kunabantu abambalwa abanomtholampilo, kodwa ngenxa yokuthandwa kwabo emibuthanweni emincane, ulwazi lokuthengwa kwembewu lungatholakala kalula ezintweni ezikhethekile ze-inthanethi. Lezi zinhlamvu ze-Lithops zenziwe ngama-pulverized, kunzima ukubona., okwandisa ingozi yokuba yinkohliso.
Akunjalo uma kufanele uthenge imbewu ye-Lithops ezitolo ezingathandabuzeki ze-intanethi. Ngaphandle, imbewu ayibonakali kancane, kanti umthengi ugibela ingozi yokugibela kukhula oluvamile ngenani elikhulu.
Izinto eziningi kuzodingeka ukutshala
- i-tank eplastiki yokutshala;
- ukugeleza;
- isihlabathi esinamafutha;
- igravel eneqhezu elihle;
- umhlabathi we-turf noma ingxube ye-cacti;
- i-polyethylene.
Isiqukathi lapho imbewu ezohlwanyelwa khona kumele inikezwe ngezimbobo zamanzi.. Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane, imbewu ayihambanga ngaphambili. Isibopho sembewu enempilo - inhlabathi eyinyumba. Ngaphambi kokutshala ukudla okunomsoco, inhlabathi kufanele ibalwe kuhhavini noma igalelwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Emva kwamalungiselelo, ungaqhubeka ngokuphepha ngokufika.
- Ukucwiliswa kwamapentimitha ambalwa phezulu kuthululwa phansi kwesitsha. Kubalulekile ukwenqaba ubumba obunwetshiwe obunamanzi. Ngalokhu, izinhlanzi eziphukile ngokuphelele.
- Inhlabathi yokutshala ixubene nesihlabathi kanye negravel encane ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Bangezela umhlaba omncane we-cacti. I-handling encane yenhlanganisela eqediwe kufanele ifakwe esandleni sakho. Umhlaba ofanelekayo ngeke unamathele ndawonye futhi ukhululeke ukuwa.
- Inhlabathi ekhulayo ichithe ngamanzi afudumele afudumele.
- Imbewu ye-Lithops incane kakhulu. Ukuze kube lula ukuhlwanyela, kunconywa ukuthi uthathe iphepha elimhlophe elimhlophe bese uwathululela emkhombeni, ngokufanayo uyithumele emhlabathini.
- Ngalokhu kungenjalo imbewu ingcwatshwa emhlabathini, ingafafaza phezulu ngenhla engqimba kakhulu yesihlabathi.
- I-teplichka ihlanganiswe ne-polyethylene noma ukugoqa ukudla. Ama-air winds amancane ayenziwe ngaphambilini kuwo.
- Isitshalo sembewu sithunyelwa endaweni efudumele.
Ibhodi: Ibhethri yokushisa ephakathi iphelele njengomthombo wokuphuza amanzi. Uma ingekho noma ingasetshenzisiwe endlini, ungasebenzisa ithawula noma isicathulo somswakama. Futhi kulezizinjongo ezifanele ukushisa okufanelekayo ezikhukhumele. Iqukethe uhlelo lokulawula lokushisa futhi lithengiswa ezitolo zesilwane.
I-greenhouse ehlongozwayo kufanele ihlale isha.. Inhlabathi kufanele ihanjiswe njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lumile futhi kuphela kusuka kumdonsa omncane. Ekuseni nasebusuku i-greenhouse ihamba ngeminithi engu-15-30.
Amahlumela okuqala avela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4. Babonakala njengezinhlamvu ezincane eziluhlaza. Ngemuva kokuhluma kwezinhlobo eziningi zembewu, ibhodlela enezithombo lingasuswa ekushiseni futhi lifake i-backlight ngaphandle kokukhipha ifilimu ye-cellophane.
Ngisho naseningizimu, amafasitela e-sunlit, izingane zidinga ukukhanyisa okungenani amahora angu-14-16 ngosuku. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, izibani ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo ze-LED ezine-6500 K ziphelele.
Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuvikelwa elangeni eliqondile. I-Lithops kufanele ibe kancane kancane ejwayele ukukhanya kwelanga., ukuze ugweme ukushisa nokufa okuqhubekayo.
Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokukhula kwe-Lithops kusuka kumbewu:
Ukunakekela i-lithops ezincane
Izinyanga zokuqala zokuphila kwe-Lithops kunzima kakhulu kokubili izitshalo ngokwazo nomnikazi wazo. Kubalulekile ukulungisa uhlelo lokunisela. Ukubonakala kwesikhunta noma i-algae eluhlaza endaweni yokushisa, kanye nokomiswa okuphelele kwenhlabathi.
Ngezinyanga ezintathu, i-Lithops iqina futhi ikhulise usayizi, ngakho-ke, iyalondoloza izakhi eziningi kanye nomswakama. Ngalesi sigaba, ungathuthukisa kancane kancane izikhathi phakathi kokunisela.
Lapho uneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisithupha, i-Lithops yokuqala i-molt: amaqabunga amabili omdala ayomile, kanti amabili amasha avela kubo. Kwakungemva kwe-molt yokuqala isitshalo ngasinye sithola umbala wesici kanye nezici ze-varietal. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuchelela kumisiwe. Ngemuva kokubuyekezwa, ama-succulents angaphonswa ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukwakheka okufaneleko nokuhlolisisa, noma yikuphi okudliwayo kudinga ubusika obubandayo nabomile. Esikhathini kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebruwari, lesi sitshalo siyeka ukuchelela futhi sinciphise izinga lokushisa libe yi-+18 +15 degrees, kodwa le ndlela ifaneleka kuphela emibonweni yabantu abadala.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, i-Lithops ihlakulela ngenkuthalo.. Abahlali umhlalaphansi futhi badinga okuqukethwe okufudumayo nokushisa ngesikhathi sekwindla nobusika. Yonke imininingwane yokunakekela i-lithops ekhaya ingatholakala kulesi sihloko.
Kungani kungaveli amahlumela?
Ngokugcizelela ngokuqinile yonke imithetho yokuhlwanyela, umlimi wezimbali angakwazi ukuhluleka. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana:
- Ikhwalithi engafanele noma imbewu endala.
- Umhlabathi omubi. Izwe lokutshala i-Lithops kufanele libe yi-loose and aerobic.
- Ukusabalalisa kwe-peat emhlabathini. I-Peat iphikisana nokudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi ngobuningi obukhulu, ngoba inamandla okubopha futhi umswakama oqhubekayo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukusetshenziswa kwe-vermiculite, ubumba obunwetshiwe kanye nekakhukhunathi substrate.
- Ukushisa okuphansi kanye nokuchelela okunamandla kuyothuthukisa imbewu ukubola.
- Inhlabathi engcolisiwe. Ngisho nenhlabathi ebiza kakhulu futhi ephezulu kakhulu kufanele ihlaselwe ngaphambi kokutshala.
Imbewu ye-Lithops ihluma kahle. Isikhathi esinqunyiwe sokulondoloza izithombo - inyanga.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Izithombo zidonsa
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, amahlumela okuqala akhula "emlenzeni" omncane omncane. Kwezinye izimo, kukhishwa futhi kufane nesitshalo esincane, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo siwela futhi silahlekelwe ukuheha kwayo.
Lesi senzakalo senziwa kuphela lapho kunokuntuleka kokukhanya. Noma yisiphi isitshalo akukho lutho olungcono kunokukhanya kwelanga., kodwa ukungabi khona kwabo kungabanjelwa ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo.
Uma likhona, kanti izithombo zisalokhu zihudula, kufanele uhlehlise isibani eduze nendawo yokushisa, noma ucabange ngokuthenga umthombo onamandla kakhulu wokukhanyisa.
I-patina eluhlaza ebusweni bomhlaba
Ngomswakama okhuphukile ngaphakathi kwesitsha sembewu, umhlabathi ungase uhlanganiswe ngendwangu encane ye-algae eluhlaza. Kwezinye izitshalo eziningi, ukuhlangana okunjalo kungokwakheka okungcono kakhulu kwe-algae, okuvimbela umhlabathi ukuthi ungomile.
Phenduka
Ngisho nezibonelo ezindala zivame ukufa ngokushesha ngokubola.. Kungcono ukungangezi lezi zitshalo kunokugcwala, ngoba abesabi ngesomiso. Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa izithombo, kubalulekile ukugcina ubhalansi obunembile, ngoba izithombo nazo zoma lula.
Ukunakekelwa kahle
Kuphela ngokubheka umbuso wokushisa, ukuchelela kanye nokukhanyisa okufanele, kulezi zici ezintathu eziyinhloko, zingatshalwa izitshalo ezinempilo nezinga eliphezulu. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana okungenani into eyodwa kungabandakanya ukufa kwazo zonke izingane.
Isiphetho
Ukukhula kwe-Lithops kusuka embewu, nakuba kungeyona inqubo elula, kodwa ehlaba umxhwele. Akufanele ukwesaba ukwehluleka, ngoba ngesipiliyoni uzokwazi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho lokulima, okuyinto ezokuvumela ukuba uthole izitshalo eziningi ezinamandla, ezempilo nezinga eliphezulu.
