I-Syngonium iyi-evergreen ye-evergreen ehlala njalo emndenini we-Aroid. Lesi sitshalo se-semi-epiphytic sivame eCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Isikhathi eside, sinamagatsha angafani awamuva, iziqu zisakazeka phansi noma zisongele ukusekelwa okumi mpela. Zimbozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu amahle. Kwakungenxa yamahlamvu ukuthi i-syngonium yathandana nabatshali bezimbali. Ngalo, ungaletha ucezu lwehlathi elishisayo egumbini, uhlanze umoya bese ugcwalisa igumbi ngemibala eluhlaza okotshani. Yize izakhamizi zasezifundeni ezishisayo zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ngokulandela imithetho embalwa elula, ungakha kalula indawo entofontofo.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Syngonium iyi-semi-epiphytic perennial. Isiqu saso esiguquguqukayo sombala oluhlaza ogqamile sisakazeka emhlabathini noma sinamathele ekusekelweni ngezimpande zomoya. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungaba yi-1.5-2 m, emvelweni kunemivini engu-10-20 m ubude nobubanzi bokubhoboka okufika ku-6 cm. Ngokwesiko, ubukhulu besiqu buvame ukuba yi-1-2 cm. Ukukhula konyaka kungamacembe angama-30 cm no-6-7 amancane . Amaqabunga Petiole akhula kanye nobude bazo zonke iziqu ezikwi-convex node. Ngezansi kwezindawo kukhona izimpande zasemoyeni. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukwakheka kwezitho zomzimba, impande eyodwa kuphela kusigaxa ngasinye yenzelwe ukondleka.
Ipuleti yonke enomumo wenhliziyo noma wesundu-ohlukaniswe ngamacwecwe angama-3-5 izingxenye zepende ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Imithambo yokusiza ayitholakali enkabeni kuphela, kodwa futhi njengomngcele ozinqenqemeni. Amapheshana acwebezelayo noma anemibalabala angaba nendawo ecwebezelayo, enesikhumba noma i-velvety.
Izimbali zeSyonioni zingabonakala kuphela ezitshalweni zasendle. Ziqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo futhi zingama-cobs aminyene ayisigamu afihlwe yiveli elikhanyayo elibomvu noma elibomvana. Izimbali azinaphunga. I-Syngonium iboniswa ukungcolisa umoya. Okokuqala, izimbali zesifazane ziyavuthwa, impova ifukame kuzo ezivela kuma-inflorescence angomakhelwane. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezimbali zesilisa, abesifazane abasenakuthathelwa impova. Isembozo sivale ngandlela thile futhi, ukuphuma, izinambuzane ziqoqana impova ngokwazo. Kamuva, basakaza impova kuma-inflorescence angomakhelwane.
Njengomphumela wokuvumbulula okunjalo okuyinkimbinkimbi, izithelo zivuthwa ngohlobo lwamajikijolo ama-cylindrical noma ama-ovoid onqenqemeni oluyindilinga. Ubude bawo buyi-0.5-1 cm, futhi ububanzi bawo buyi-3-6 mm. Amajikijolo anamafutha anamakha aheha izinkawu nezinye izilwane azisakaza ngobude obude.
Uma ulwelwesi lonakele, kuthunyelwa ujusi we-milky. Ukuxhumana kwakhe nesikhumba esonakalisiwe nolwelwesi lwama-mucous kubangela ukucasuka nokuvutha, ngakho-ke wonke umsebenzi kanye nomvini wenziwa kangcono ngamagilavu okuvikela. Njengoba izitshalo zinobuthi, kufanele zihlukaniswe nokuxhumana nezingane nezilwane.
Izinhlobo ze-syngonium
I-genus syngonium imelwe izinhlobo ezingama-20 zezitshalo, kodwa zimbalwa kuphela ezilungele ukukhula ngaphakathi.
I-Syngonium legate. Emvelweni, imivini egxiliwe ngokunamandla yezimpande ezinamahlumela amancane agobekayo itholakala eMelika Ephakathi. Amahlumela embozwe amaqabunga amakhulu aphakamileyo afinyelela ku-13 cm. Emivinini emincane cishe ahlala enomzimba ophelele, futhi izitshalo ezindala zimbozwe ngamaqabunga esundu ahlulwe kuma-lobes ayi-11. Ngamunye une-petiole ende (kufika ku-60 cm). Izinhlobo:
- Uvemvane omhlophe - umdiliya omila ngokushesha, onamaqabunga;
- I-Pixie - isitshalo esincane esisezingeni eliphansi;
- Umcibisholo - amahlumela amakhulu anephethini le-motley eduze kwemithambo;
- I-Neon - cishe yonke indawo eshidi ayinayo imibala eluhlaza, futhi umthambo opinki noma amabala abonakala endaweni ekhanyayo;
- I-Panda - epanini leqabunga eliluhlaza obumnyama kukhona izindawo eziningi eziphuzi.
I-Syngonium imise okwendlebe (eyenziwe ngendlebe). Ukukhuphuka amahlumela okufika ku-1,8 m ubude awudluli ku-2-2,5 cm ubukhulu. Izimpande ze-aarat namaqabunga amakhulu e-petiolate akhula kuma-internode aseduze. Ipuleti leqabunga eliluhlaza elicwebezelayo linamathele kwi-petiole kuze kube ngama-40 cm. Ipheshana ngalinye linezinqubo ezifanayo nezindlebe zezindlebe eduze kwesisekelo. Ubude beshidi ngu-6-20 cm.
ISyndonium yaseWendland. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo umuntu okhuphuka endaweni yokuhlala yiCosta Rica. Iziqu zimbozwe amahlamvu kathathu anendawo ethambile ye-velvety. Amaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza afinyelela ku-10 cm ubude akhula kuma-petioles 20-30 cm ngosayizi.
Ukumila kwezitshalo
Ekhaya, i-syngonium isatshalaliswa ngokuhlanzayo. Kulokhu, ama-apical cuttings noma izinqubo ze-lateral ziyasetshenziswa. Zisikwa unyaka wonke, kepha ngenxa yamahora amade wemini, ukusikwa kwentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo kuthuthukisa i-oda lobukhulu ngokushesha okukhulu. Ingxenye yesiqu enezimpawu ezingama-2-3 kanye nezimpande zasemoyeni ziyanqunywa. I-Rooting yenziwa emanzini afudumele nge-carbon ocushiwe noma enhlabathini eyakhiwe ngesihlabathi, i-sphagnum ne-peat. Ukusikwa ngaphambi kokutshala kunconywa ukuthi kuphathwe nge-stimulator yokukhulisa izimpande. Ama-Shank ngaphambi kokufaka izimpande embozwe ngefilimu ukunciphisa ukuhwamuka. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lomhlabathi nomoya + 25 ... + 27 ° C. Ngemuva kokubamba imbambo, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa bese izithombo sezitshalwa njengezithombo zabantu abadala.
Ukunakekela nokunakekela ikhaya
I-Syngonium itshalwe ezimbizeni ezincane ezinezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ukuthola ukukhula okumangalisa ngokwengeziwe, amahlumela ama-2-3 atshalwa ngokushesha ebhodweni elilodwa. Ungasebenzisa i-syngonium njengesitshalo se-ampel, uvumela amahlumela ukuthi ancike ngokukhululekile ebhodweni, noma enze uhlobo lwesihlahla. Endabeni yokugcina, lapho ufika, ukusekelwa okunamandla kufakwa emhlabathini. Kuyo, i-liana izokhuphukela phezulu.
Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa entwasahlobo unyaka nonyaka, kancane kancane zikhulisa imvamisa. I-syngonium yabantu abadala iyatshalwa lapho izimpande ziqala ukubonakala kwizimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Ubumba noma i-shards eyandisiwe empeleni ithululelwa ezansi ebhodweni. Inhlabathi kumele ibe yikhululekile futhi ivundile ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic reaction. Ingakhiwa ngeshidi le-turf inhlabathi, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat. Ukuze ungalimazi izimpande ezondile, ukufakelwa kwezinto kwenziwa nge-transshipment.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Syngonium kulula. Abalimi abaningi bezimbali bayasithanda lesi sitshalo esikhula ngokushesha ngobunjalo baso namandla amakhulu. Udinga ukukhanya kosuku olude nokukhanya okubandayo. Ungabeka ibhodwe efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga, kodwa uvikele ukukhula kusuka elangeni lasemini.
Ukushisa komoya okulungile unyaka wonke kungo + 22 ... + 25 ° C. Ebusika, ukupholisa kuvunyelwe ukufika ku-18 ° C, akudingekile ukukunikeza.
I-Syngonium idinga umswakama ophezulu nokunisela okuvamile. Ukuze amaqabunga angaqali ukoma, afafazwa nsuku zonke ngamanzi agcinwe kahle, afudumele. Izitshalo ziniselwa kaningi ukuze inhlabathi yomile kuphela cm cm kusuka ebusweni. Okokunisela thatha amanzi ahlanzwe kahle endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ngokunisela njalo, lesi sitshalo sibekezelela umoya omile kalula.
I-Syngonium ivundiswa kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba kabili ngenyanga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izimbiwa ezikhethekile zamaminerali izitshalo zokuhlobisa nezisenqenayo. Ukugqoka okungaphezulu okuhlanjululwe kahle kufakwa emhlabathini kude kude neziqu.
Amagatsha eLiana ngokubuthakathaka, kepha usenganikeza ifomu elithile. I-Syngonium ibekezelela ukuthenwa kahle. Cindezela iziqu zawo okokuqala ngqa ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesithupha. Izinqubo ezinde kakhulu zifushanisa nobude obudingekayo. Ngemuva kokunquma, amahlumela amasha asemuva angabonakala ngisho naphansi kwesiqu esidala esingenalutho.
I-Syngonium inokuzivikela okuhle, ngakho-ke ayithinteki ukutshala izifo. Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele isikhathi eside, i-powdery hlobo ingakheka. Kwesinye isikhathi i-spider mite, scutellum noma mealybug ihlala emaqabungeni. Usizo lokuqala kulesi sitshalo yigeza eshisayo (kufika ku-45 ° C). Bese wenza ukufafaza ngesibulala-zinambuzane esinamakhemikhali ("Actellik", "Fitoverm").
Inzuzo, Izimpawu kanye Nenkolelo-ze
Emafulethini asemadolobheni, i-syngonium imane isitshalo esisemqoka. Ibeka kahle isikhala. Umqhele futhi uhlanza umoya, udonsa umphunga we-xylene, i-formaldehyde nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Imbali yandisa umswakama egumbini futhi iwuthambisa nge-oxygen.
Kuthiwa i-syngonium endlini yomuntu ogulayo ibuyisela impilo kumniniyo futhi ilwa ngisho nokugula okulimazayo, okungalapheki. Kuqinisa umlingiswa, kusize ukuqeda imikhuba emibi, futhi kuvuse nokukhula ngokomqondo nangokomzimba. Ekamelweni lokulala, i-liana izovikela ukulala komnikazi wayo futhi imsindise kubusuku obubi.
Ezinye izimpawu zibizwa ngokuthi yi-syngonium husbandegon. Kusho ukuthi amadoda asendlini awahlangani nalesi simila futhi omama babhekene nesizungu. Kodwa-ke, akukho ukuzithethelela kwalezi zinkolelo-ze. Abaningi ngisho nabesifazane abangashadile kudala bathola injabulo emshadweni, yize ama-sill amawindi asezindaweni ezishisayo esehlotshiswe ngendoda ebabazekayo eshisayo.
