I-Medinilla: incazelo kanye nezici zokunakekela ekhaya

I-Medinilla ingenye yezitshalo ezingavamile kakhulu nezindleko ezingakhula ekhaya.

Leli cala alilula, ngoba isiko lesitshalo liyisimangaliso kakhulu. Funda mayelana nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-medinilla ekhulayo ngezansi.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezitshalo
• Izimo zokukhula ekhaya
• Indawo nokukhanyisa
• Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama
• Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
• Imithetho yokunisela
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu
• Ukudubula
• Ukufakelwa
• Isikhathi sokuphumula
• Ukuzala
• Cuttings
• Imbewu
• Izinkinga ekukhuleni
• Izifo
• Izinambuzane

Incazelo ye-Botanical yesitshalo

I-Medinilla ibhalwa njengomndeni wakwaMelastom. Ivela emazweni ashisayo ase-Afrika, e-Asia nasePacific Islands. I-shrub ephansi, isihlahla noma i-creeper ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-0.3-2. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isitshalo singakhula kusuka kokubili emhlabathini kanye nezinye izitshalo.

Inamaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama, atholakala ngokuphambene noma nge-sequentially. Zingahlanganiswa kuphela kulesi sitshalo noma zikhule kuma-petioles. Kuye ngohlobo lomkhawulo kungase kuqiniseke noma kuphethwe. I-Medinignal ihluma entwasahlobo nge-apical noma e-axillary efihlekile ngendlela yezibhamu ezikhulayo noma ezihlaselwa phansi. Zivela ezimbali ezine kuya kwezingu-6 ezinezicucu ze-oval noma ze-oblong ze-pink, ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, nezimbali ze-salmon. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-inflorescences ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwe-0.5-1 m. Esihlahleni esisodwa, ama-infrorescences angu-8-10 ahlanganiswe. Izimbali zithatha izinyanga ezingu-1.5-2.

Ngemuva kokuvota, izithelo-izithelo zakhiwa ngendlela yebhola, ama-ovals, ama-jugs, lapho imbewu ifakwa khona.

Uyazi? U-Medinilla ubizwa ngokuthi nguJosé de Medinilla y Pineda, owathi ngo-1820 wayekhonza njengombusi weMariana Islands, ezisePacific Ocean futhi zingama-coloni aseSpain.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezitshalo

I-medinilla yemvelo inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200. Okudumile kunayo:

1. I-spiny Le shrub emvelweni iyingxenye-epiphyte. Unamahlumela amancane ngesimo se-tubules, amaqabunga amnyama ama-oval aphelile kanye nemifino ehlukene. Ekude bafinyelela ku-9-20 cm, u-5-9 cm ububanzi. Ekusentwasahlobo, ama-inflorescences avela esonus ngendlela yama-tubules anezimbali ezimhlophe noma ezikhanyayo ze-lilac. Lezi zihlukahlukene zitshalwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
2. Kuminga. Lezi zinhlobo nazo zihola indlela yokuphila engumzimba we-epiphytic. Amaqabunga awo ayenamabala, ayenziwayo, aphikisana kancane. Ikhula ngobude kuze kube ngu-30 cm, ububanzi - kufika ku-20 cm. Ama-inflorescences ngendlela yama-brushes. Ziyizimbali zepinki.
3. I-Javanica. I-shrub encane eneqabunga lokuphuma. Unezinhlobo ze-inflorescences ezidonsa ngezimbali zobomvu ngaphandle kwama-bracts.

Ekhaya, i-medinus evamile kakhulu noma i-magnifica ne-Zhador Vita. Owokuqala ukhula u-1-1.5 m ukuphakama. Iqukethe amahlumela aqinile ahlanganiswe nama-bristles. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-35 cm ubude no-15 cm ububanzi. I-inflorescences inamamitha angu-30 ubude. I-racemes, i-drooping. I-Blossom - emhlophe ne-pink.

Ngiyayithanda iDolce Vita iyinhlanganisela ye-medina enhle kakhulu. Yakha izimbali ezimnandi zama-pink ezinama-bracts amaningi amancane.

Uyazi? Ngonyaka wezi-2012, ochwepheshe be-International Union for Conservation of Nature ngesikhathi behlolisiswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane eFiji Islands bathola izinhlobo ezintsha zembali ezivela ku-geninin, i-Mininilla, kanye nekhophi eyodwa. Uthiwa igama ngemuva komuzi oseduze nalapho atholakala khona - uMatasavaleva.

Izimo zokukhula ekhaya

I-Medinilla, njengamasiko amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo, idinga izimo ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile okujwayelekile. Ubizwa ngokuthi ubuhle obungenasisekelo. Uma imbali ingenzi izimo ezintandokazi ngendlela yokukhanyisa okuhle, ukushisa, umswakama ophezulu nokuntuleka kwemidwebo, khona-ke kuyoba kubi noma inqabe ukukhula nhlobo.

Indawo nokukhanyisa

Kule nkambiso yekamelo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungafaniyo nosuku olude lokukhanya kubalulekile. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kufanele ivikelwe ilanga eliqondile, likhulele emafasiteleni asempumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ebusika, uhlangothi oluseningizimu lufanelekile. I-Medinilla ithanda umoya omusha, ngakho uma ikhulile egumbini, ukushayela njalo kubalulekile. Kodwa kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo asiwi ngaphansi kwesenzo sezingcingo zomoya obandayo. Imihlahlandlela yembali iyonakalisa.

Kubalulekile! Lapho lesi sitshalo sesiqhakaze izimbali, shintsha indawo yebhodlela bese uyiguqula akufanele ibe. Lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu izimbali - kuzokwenza kufinyelele isikhathi sayo futhi kuholele ekutshoneni okusheshayo kwezimbali.

Ukushisa kwemoya nomswakama

Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kokukhula kwesitshalo kusuka ku-20 ° C kuya ku-25 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, imbali ayinakulungele. Ekushiseni kufanele kugcinwe kumswakama ophezulu.

Ebusika, ngesikhathi sokulala, lesi sitshalo sizokhululeka emazingeni aphansi, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-16 ° С. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ebusika akudingekile, kodwa kunomphumela omuhle ekuhlungeni kwemifino efihlekile. Umswakama womoya egumbini lapho isikhulumi sikhula kufanele sigcinwe ku-75% nangaphezulu. Izinkomba ezinjalo zingatholakala ngesikhala nsuku zonke emkhatsini wembali ngamanzi afudumele, angenamandla, ukubeka ibhodlela lokutshala emgodini ngobumba obumanzi, amahlumela, nokusula amaqabunga ngendwangu emanzi. Phakathi nenkathi yokushisa, lapho umoya efulethini lomile kakhulu, kuzodingeka ufake i-humidifier.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ukuze uzuze umhlobiso ophezulu kanye nezimbali ezivela e-medinilla, kudinga ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa okuvamile futhi okuphakeme, okuyindlela ekhethekile yokunisela, ukufaka umanyolo, ukufaka izihlahla kanye nokufakelwa kwezitshalo.

Imithetho yokunisela

Ukuchelela okunamandla nokuvame kakhulu kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale imbali uma kuphuma endaweni yokuphumula futhi kuze kube sekuqaleni kwezimbali. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi, kodwa ingabi ngamanzi. Lapho izimbali seziqhakaze, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise. Ehlobo, kumele baphinde baqhutshwe ngokuningi futhi kaningi, njengoba uhlaka olungaphezulu lwenhlabathi luma. Kusukela phakathi ekwindla kuze kube sekupheleni kwebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube ncishiswe kakhulu. Amanzi we-humidification kufanele asetshenziswe ngamanzi okupompo, kodwa adlulise isihlungi esisusa i-chlorine nokungcola, noma ihlelwe izinsuku ezingu-1-2. Kufanele kube sezingeni lokushisa lokushisa. Ukuphuza ngamanzi abandayo kubangela umonakalo omkhulu esihlahleni.

Unganisela i-medinuilla ngendlela ejwayelekile yendabuko noma epanini. Uma ukuchelela okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaconsi awawa phezu kweziqu, amaqabunga nezimbali. Lokhu kuholela ekwakheni izindawo ezimnyama ezimbi.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuze isitshalo sikhule futhi sikhule kahle, sidinga ukondliwa. Ukudla okukhiqizwa kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuSeptemba. I-frequency ephakanyisiwe yesicelo somanyolo yilawo maviki amabili. Ukuze i-medinilla ingathengwa ukuhlanganiswa okwenziwe ngamaminerali okwenziwe ngomumo, oklanyelwe izimpande zendlu yezimbali. Okufanelekayo "Kemira Universal", "Darina".

Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singasondliwa ngokuphilayo. Kodwa-ke, hhayi kaningi futhi ngobuncane. Korovyak kungcono ukukhipha.

Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuphumula (kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari) umanyolo awunqatshelwe. Lokhu kubangela umonakalo omkhulu esitshalweni, okususelwa entwasahlobo kakhulu kunciphisa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa futhi awuqhakazi kahle.

Ukudubula

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, udinga ukususa ngesikhathi esifanele ukususa i-ottsvetye inflorescences. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube nokugqugquzela ukwakheka kwezimbali ezintsha, kuzoba nomthelela ekutheni kube nezimbali eziningi kakhulu futhi ezide.

Igumbi lokugaya izihlahla likhiqiza lapho kumile ama-flower stalks owomile. Susa amahlumela akhule ngokuqinile. Amagatsha aqoshiwe angasetshenziswa njenge-cuttings zokuzalanisa.

Ukufakelwa

Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, okwenziwe entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukulungisa inhlabathi kanye nesitsha sokutshala. I-medinilla inezimpande, ngakho-ke ibhodlela elingajulile kodwa elibanzi lifanelekile. Kumele kube ngu-4-5 cm ububanzi obukhulu kunotangi elidlule. Umhlabathi uthathwa ukukhanya ngokuqhuba kahle umoya nomswakama. Isitolo sithengisa izingqungquthela ze-epiphytes, ama-orchid (nge-kwalokho we-peat), okufanelekile ukuba i-medintilla.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthenga umhlaba, ungaxubaniswa ngezandla zomuntu kusuka enhlabathini yezintambo ezichithekile, moss-sphagnum kanye ne-peat fibrous ngobuningi obulinganayo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, i-substrate enjalo kuzodingeka ikhunjulwe nge-steam, ibilise, icheze nge-potassium permanganate, ihlale kuhhavini noma i-microwave.

Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha kanje:

1. Usuku ngaphambi kokutshala kabusha isitshalo kuhle ukuwasebenzisa.
2. Susa isihlahla kusukela ebhodweni elidala.
3. Hlanza uhlelo lwempande futhi uhlole ngokucophelela isimo sawo. Uma kunesidingo, susa izimpande eziwonakele.
4. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela uthele ungqimba lwamanzi.
5. Ufafaza ngendwangu yomhlabathi.
6. Beka isikhungo sembali yebhodlela.
7. Ngokufanayo usakaze uhlelo lwempande.
8. Vala ukungabi nalutho ngenhlabathi, ushiye 1.5-2 cm kusuka phezulu ebhodweni.
9. Ukukhiqiza ukuchelela.

Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye eminyakeni emibili.

Isikhathi sokuphumula

Ukuze kube nezimbali ezingcono entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukudala izimo ukuze sidlule isikhathi esibi kakhulu: kancane kancane, kusukela ngo-Okthoba, ukunciphisa inani nenani lokunisela lokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni. Kusukela ngoSeptemba, yeka ukudla. Kunconywa ukuhambisa ibhodlela ngembali endaweni lapho ezoba khona ukukhanya okwanele. Uma ukukhanya kuzobe kuncane, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukukhanya okungeziwe.

Ukuzala

Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa i-mediangilla ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokusika nokusebenzisa imbewu. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwanoma iyiphi yalezi zindlela kunzima. Ngisho nabalimi abanolwazi ngokuvamile bahluleka lapho bezama ukusakaza isitshalo esinjalo esingenasisekelo.

Cuttings

I-Cuttings inqunywe ngoJanuwari - Meyi. Khetha amahlumela enamandla kunazo zonke, aphilile, asemasimini. Bakha icebo lika 8-12 cm ukuphakama nge-internodes 2-3. Umngcele ophansi unqunywa ngecala elimnandi, elomile kahle, bese ligcwala "eKornevin." Ukuze ziqede izimpande, zitshalwe ngokuphela okubukhali zibe ingxube ye-sandy-peat, bese zifakwa ezimweni ezinomswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa kwama-25 ... + 30 ° C. Ngemuva kokuba uhlanga luhlume, luba ne-pinch ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwamahlumela. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lapho eseqotshwe kahle, utshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.

Imbewu

Izitshalo ezinkulu ze-mediunilla zingathengwa kwisitolo esikhethekile noma ku-intanethi. Ngokuvamile bathengiswa behlanganiswe ngama-5 ama-PC.

Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMashi. Amandla okufika akhetha isikhathi eside futhi engajulile. Igcwele ingxube ye-turf nesihlabathi. Imbewu ifakwa ebusweni bomhlabathi futhi ikhule ngo-5 mm. Bese ehambelana nebhodlela le-spray futhi limbozwe ngilazi noma ifilimu. Amandla afakwa endaweni efudumele, okungcono nge-underheating.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izimbali ezinhle zokukhula ekhaya.

Izitshalo zikhishwa nsuku zonke ukuze ukutheleleka kwefungalini kungaqhubeki emhlabathini. Ukuqothulwa okukhiqizwa njengoba kudingekile. Amahlumela kufanele avele kungakapheli inyanga. Khona-ke indawo yokukhosela isusiwe. Uma kuvela amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, amahlumela ahluma abe yiziqukathi ezihlukene ezilingana nobubanzi obuyi-7 cm, agcwele inhlanganisela yomhlabathi ohlaza (ingxenye 1) nesihlabathi (0.5 izingxenye), ababeka ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu zomswakama. Baqhubeka bephuthumisa ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi ephezulu iduma. Ngemva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga ama-5-6 nesimiso esinamandla, izitshalo ezincane zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezinomphela ngokudluliswa.

Izinkinga ekukhuleni

Izindlu zezindlu zigula kuphela uma zingenakekelwa kahle, zitshalwe enhlabathini engafanele namandla, noma zigcinwe ezimweni ezingakhululekile. Ukuthi imbali iyagula noma ishintshwe yizinambuzane ezinambuzane ingabonwa yizinguquko ekubukeni kwayo. Yonke inkinga inezimpawu zesici.

Izifo

Uma lesi sitshalo sivame ukuvezwa emagodini, izimpande zawo zithinteka ngokubola. Lesi sitshalo siphelile, senza amaqabunga, futhi iphunga elimnandi elivela emhlabathini - izimpande cishe ziyobola. Kukhona isidingo esiphuthumayo sokufakelwa. Imbali isusiwe ebhodweni, isimo sempande sihlolwe, izimpande ezigulayo ziyakunqunywa, izimpilwane ziphikisana nanoma iyiphi i-fungicide ye-systicic, lezi zingcezu ziyi-powder ne-charter echotshoziwe futhi yomisiwe. Ngemuva kwezinqubo, isitshalo sitshalwe embizeni entsha nasemhlabathini. Ukuphuza kokuqala akukwenziwe ngaphambi kwamasonto ama-1.5-2.

Kubalulekile! Uma isitshalo sinezimpande ezibola, khona-ke imbiza emva kwayo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kabusha. Kufanele ilahlwe.

Ngaphezu kokubola, kungase kube nezinye izinkinga:

1. Amaqabunga amancane futhi aphephe emaphethelweni. Isizathu - enomswakama ophansi. Kumele kwandiswe yizindlela ezichazwe ngenhla ku-subparagraph "Ukushisa kwe-Air nomswakama".
2. Kukhona amashidi okusetha kabusha. Ukuwa kweLeaf kwenzeka uma lesi sitshalo sibonakala kuhlaka. Uma amashidi esomile ngaphambi kwalokhu, kungase kushise kakhulu ekamelweni. Ukutshala amahlamvu ebusika kubonisa ukuthi imbali ibanda.
3. Entwasahlobo akukho ukuqhakaza. Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana: ukukhanya okwanele ebusika, lapho kufaka imbali; ukungabi khona kwezinguquko eside kanye nokunciphisa inhlabathi. Uma lesi sitshalo singaqhakazi, kufanele sitshalwe noma sitshalwe umanyolo, futhi sibeke ngaphansi kokukhanyisa okukhanyayo.
4. Kukhona izindawo ezikhanyayo emahlamvu. Le nkinga ibonakala ngokukhanya okukhulu kakhulu. I-Flower idinga i-priteni kusukela elangeni.
5. Lesi sitshalo siwisa amahlumela. Cishe, ingaphansi kwethonya lemidwebo noma ithuthelwe kwenye indawo. Futhi, ukwehlisa izimbali kwenzeka ngokukhanya okuphansi. Kubalulekile ukuvikela isiko lendawo yangaphakathi kusuka kumashidi bese ulibeka endaweni enokukhanya okuhle.

Izinambuzane

Izinambuzane ngokuvamile zivame ukuhlasela i-mealybug nesicabucabu se-spider. Uma inambuzane encane enesayizi ka-0.2-0.5 cm, umzimba wayo ombozwe ngezimhlophe ezimhlophe nezinwele, kuphawulwa embali, khona-ke lokhu kuyisimo se-mealybug. Esikhathini sokuphila kwakhe okulimazayo, ushiya emhlabathini bese esitshala izimpawu zombala omhlophe obukeka njengezingcezu zoboya bekotini. Uma ihlala phezu kwembali, iyancipha noma igweme ukukhula. Ukuphulukisa isiko langaphakathi kungaphathwa nge-garlic ukumnika, kusho izinambuzane "Intavir", "Fufanon", "Decis".

Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokubhekana nezibungu zesicabucabu.

I-spider mite iyinambuzane encane yokuncelisa ka-0.1-0.2 cm ngobukhulu, ehlala kulezo zitshalo ezikhula ekushiseni ngomoya omile. Kungaba omnyama noma obomvu. Inqubo yokuphila ishiya amahlamvu kuwebhu. Lesi sitshalo siphenduka phambi kwayo ngokuhlunga nokusabalalisa amahlamvu, ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama emaqabunga. Ukuze uphulukise imbali, idinga ukufuthwa nge-garlic ekhishwa, ephathwa nge-Apollo, i-Flumaite, i-Sunmite acaricides.

Ngakho, i-medinilla iyisitshalo esimangaza ngobuhle bayo obungavamile. Nokho, ukuze wenze ukuhlobisa, udinga ukuchitha umzamo omkhulu nesikhathi. Abaqalayo ebhizinisini lembali yokukhula le mbali kungenzeka ukuthi bangaphezu kwamandla. I-Medinilla ingakhula kuphela abalimi abanomonde nabanomthwalo wemfanelo.