Isitshalo sezindlu sokufumbathisa sibonakala singavamile futhi sibonakala njengesundu noma iklabishi. Lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele sikhulile ekhaya kungekudala kakhulu, kodwa ukuthandwa kwabo phakathi kwabalimi kuyanda kancane. Funda ngendlela yokunakekela isithombeni.
Ulwazi jikelele
I-Brighamia yisitshalo sasendulo esivela eziqhingini zaseHawaii zaseKauai naseNiihau. Indawo yokuphila yase-Wildlife ivinjelwe eHawaii kuphela.
Ukukhwabanisa kunamagama amaningana, avela embala kuya kuHawaiian eyiqiniso:
- Palm palm;
- isundu lentaba;
- iklabishi ngenduku;
- ilula (i).
Uyazi? Ukugcinwa kwe-US Natural Resources kubikiwe ngo-1994ukuthi endaweni engokwemvelo ikhula kusukela ku-45 kuya ku-65 amakhrigami, futhi ihlanganisa izinhlobo zazo eziyingozi. Ngo-2014, ezimweni zemvelo, izitshalo zezitshalo zibhalise ikhophi eyodwa kuphela. Kusukela ngo-2018, kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo siphelile.
Abadayisi bembali abaqeqeshiwe bahlanganyela ekuzaliseni isisu sokuthengisa. Ungakwazi futhi ukukhulisa izihlahla zezindebe zaseHawaii nezindlu.
Ukubukeka
I-Brighamia iyisitshalo esimnandi se-stem. Ukuphakama kwalo ku-1-5 m, kuye ngezimo ezikhulayo. Isisekelo se-trunk sinyene, phezulu kuya kancane. Esiqongweni se-stem iyi-rosette ehlanganisiwe yamaqabunga anamanzi. Iphepha leshidi likhula lifinyelele ku-30 cm ubude.
Ama-Blooms aseHawaii avela kuSepthemba kuya kuNovemba. Izimbali zinezikhala ezinhlanu, eziphuzi eziphuzi noma ukhilimu, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescences wezingcezu ezingu-3-8. emasimini amaqabunga. Ubude obuphakathi kwe-petal - 7-14 cm. Lapho izimbali ziphuma iphunga elimnandi. Ibhokisi lezithelo lifana ne-capsule futhi lingama-1.3-1.9 cm ubude. Ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko
Ama-botanists ahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zobumba:
- I-Brighamy inhle kakhulu eyaziwa nangokuthi i-insignis, noma emangalisayo. I-trunk yinkimbinkimbi ngokulinganayo, nakuba ikhulisiwe phansi, umthunzi wezimbali usondelene nokuphuzi, imbewu ihlanganiswa namathanga amahle.
- Brighamy roka - i-trunk yande kakhulu phansi, izimbali ziningi kakhulu ezinemibala eluhlaza, imbewu iyabushelela. Okuvame kakhulu ukuzalisa ngaphakathi.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Lapho lesi sitshalo sitholakala endle, amaHawaii ayelungisa kusukela emaceleni kanye nemithi. Abantu baseziqhingini bakholelwa ukuthi imifino yemifino iphilisa amanxeba futhi ikhuthaza ukucasula isikhumba. Kodwa-ke, izidakamizwa zenziwa odokotela kuphela, ngoba ijusi elivela emaqabungeni liyingozi efomini eligxile.
Kubalulekile! Ungavumeli uketshezi olusuka emaqabunga omnumzane waseHawaii esikhumbeni nasezikhungwini ezinamakha. Uma kwenzeka, geza kahle indawo ethintekile ngamanzi.
Indlela ongakhetha ngayo lapho uthenga
I-brigia enempilo enempilo inemigomo elandelayo:
- i-trunk ekhulu futhi iphelele;
- ushiya ngaphandle kokulimala;
- inhlabathi iyomile;
- azikho izinambuzane ezingxenyeni zangaphandle nangaphakathi zangasese.
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
I-Insignis yisitshalo esidinga ukuthi sidinga ukushintshwa futhi sitshalwe emva kokuthenga. Lezi zinyathelo ezibalulekile zenza kube ngcono ukukhula kahle kwenhlanzi yaseHawaii.
Ukuguquguquka
Isikhathi sokuguqula emva kokuthenga sithatha ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwinyanga eyodwa. Isilinganiso esibalulekile ekuvumelaneni kwemvelo sijwayele ukukhanya okukhulu. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukushisa kwelanga. Ngosuku lokuthenga, ibhodlela elinembali kufanele lifakwe emthunzini, bese uqhubezela kancane kancane lesi sitshalo esiya efasiteleni.
Ungakhathazeki uma emva kokuthenga isundu seHawaii kuzokwehlisa amaqabunga. Ukwenyuka komqhele kuyindlela evamile lapho kushintsha indawo yokuhlala. Ngemuva kokwamukelwa kokugcina, lesi sitshalo sizophinde sikhule amahlamvu.
Ukufakelwa
Ezitolo zezitolo, ukufumbathisa kudayiswa ikakhulukazi ekuthunjweni kwezokuthutha, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokuthenga kufanele kuguqulwe ibe yi-substrate efanelekile. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo asibekezelelani izinguquko, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi yokujwayela, futhi akufanelekile ukutshala isisu ngemva kokuthenga. Ukuzibandakanya ngokwayo kungaphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo, futhi ukufakelwa okusheshayo kuzokwenza isimo sibe nzima.
Aba Florists banombono ohlukile mayelana nokufakelwa kwentende yaseHawaii ngemuva kokuthenga. Izitolo zivame ukunakekela izimbali ezithengiswayo. Abanye abathengisi bavame ukuphuza isitshalo futhi baningi, hhayi ukucabangela izidingo zayo, futhi lokhu kuqala ukubola kwempande.
Futhi funda ngokunakekela izitshalo ezinjenge-pachypodium, alokaziya, i-drimiopsis ne-pandanus.
I-rhizome ebolile ayivumeli ukuba imbali ivumelane nezimo ezintsha. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo siyafa. Ukufakelwa kwenza kube lula ukubona izimpande ezibolayo ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inhlabathi ithathelwe indawo efanelekayo. Ingozi kanengi iyaziphendulela - i-succulent neempande ezihlanzekile enhlabathini enhle iphila ngokuphumelelayo futhi ikhula.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukuguqulwa kuyadingeka kwisitshalo: i-rhizome ikhula njengoba ikhula, ngakho iba yinkimbinkimbi ebhodweni elidala. Ngenkathi isundu seHawaii sisencane futhi sisakhula ngokukhulayo, sishintshwa njalo ngonyaka. Kubantu abadala, imbiza kanye nenhlabathi kufanele kuguqulwe okungaphezu kwe-1 isikhathi eminyakeni emibili, kancane kancane. Isikhathi esifanele sisukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi. Umhlabathi we-brigami udinga ukuzipheka. I-acid enhle - pH 5.5-6.5
Ngendlela elula yokupheka, mix:
- substrate ekulungele i-cacti (ingxenye engu-1);
- isanti (ingxenye engu-1).
Iresiphi elula kakhulu ihilela uxhumano:
- i-perlite noma isihlabathi (izingxenye ezintathu);
- umhlaba wegadi (izingxenye ezimbili);
- i-humus noma umhlaba ohlaza (izingxenye ezimbili);
- amalahle (ingxenye engu-1);
- ithambo lesifuba, i-lime, noma i-eggshell echotshoziwe.
Uyazi? UBrighamia waqamba igama layo ngokuhlonipha uWilliam Tufts Brigham, umqondisi wokuqala weMicrosoft of Cultural and Natural History e Honolulu.
Ukufakelwa kabusha, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Ngaphansi kwesibindi, faka amanzi okutshala noma izitini eziphukile.
- Thela isigamu se-substrate.
- Hlanganisa inhlabamkhosi.
- Susa isitshalo kusuka ebhodweni elidala.
- Susa igumbi lobumba ukusuka ku-rhizome.
- Hlola uhlelo lwempande lobuqotho.
- Beka insika yaseHawaii embizeni entsha.
- Thela ku-container lonke ingxenye ye-substrate.
Kunconywa ukuwazisa imbali ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7 emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo.
Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
I-Brighamia isitshalo esingenasisekelo, futhi ikhwalithi yomqhele wayo incike ekunakekeleni okufanele, futhi idlala indima enkulu yokubukeka ekubukeni kwayo. Nakani indawo ebhodweni ngesitshalo, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuchelela kanye nomanyolo.
Ukukhetha indawo
Insika yesiHawaii izwa kahle emafasiteleni e-orientation eseningizimu, esentshonalanga noma empumalanga. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuningi, kodwa kuyisifiso sokuhlela kuye ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo okungafani. Ilanga eliqondile lishisa amaqabunga. Isithunzi sithinta kakhulu isimo sokufumbathisa - amaqabunga angawa.
Ukulungiswa kwalokhu okumnandi akumukeleki - kufanele kuvikelwe ekungeneni okungazelelwe kwemimoya. Ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nehlobo, ummbila onesitshalo ungathathwa ungene ensimini noma emgodini, ngoba umoya omusha ofudumele, ngokungafani ne-drafts, uyasiza ekufumbathweni.
Izimo zokushisa
UBrighamia ubhekisela ezitshalweni ezithandayo ukushisa.
Udinga umbuso wokushisa onjalo:
- ebusika - hhayi ngezansi + 15 ° С;
- ehlobo - ezungeze + 24 ... + 27 ° С.
Umswakama womoya
Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ku-70-75%. Ukuphalala kubalulekile ukuze kube nomswakama omuhle emoyeni. Hlanganisa umqhele wesandla se-atomizer nsuku zonke ngokulinganisela.
Ukunisela
Ukuphuza isiphuzo sebenzisa amanzi athambile ngokushisa kwe + 23 ... + 25 ° C. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, kungcono ukuyivikela.
Isidingo sokunisela, sinquma ukuthi umhlabathi uyomile.
Imvamisa yonyaka yomswakama kanje:
- ehlobo - kanye ngesonto;
- ebusika - isikhathi 1 ngenyanga.
Kubalulekile! Ngokusho kwabafaki bembali abahlola, intendeni yesiHawaii iyisitshalo esingenasisindo futhi esiyinkimbinkimbi esingabola ngisho nokuphuza kakhulu. Ungagqugquzeli umhlabathi ngobuningi, mawume.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukutshala isibalo kufanele kube phakathi nenyanga kusukela ngoMatshi kuya ku-Agasti. Ukuvama kwezakhi - 1 isikhathi ngenyanga. Njengendlela yokugqoka, noma yikuphi imikhiqizo ehlanjululwayo ye-cacti ne-succulents ifanelekile. Ekubunjweni kumele kube yi-phosphorus - lesi sici sizovumela ukuba isundu seHawaii sikhule ngamandla. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kulethwe enhlabathini, ukuchitha ukugxila emanzini okunisela.
Khumbula futhi mayelana neziqephu ezengeziwe zokugqoka okuphezulu:
- uma ubugebengu bukhulile endaweni yokushisa yezimboni, kungenzeka ukuba ukhule imbali emva kweminyaka emibili;
- ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, kunconywa ukuba ukondle lesi sitshalo ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2.
Ukudubula
Insika yaseHawaii ayidingi ukusika izihlahla.
Indlela yokusakaza imbali ekhaya
Abalimi bezithelo basakaza ukufumbathiswa ngezindlela ezintathu: ama-cuttings, amahlumela amancane nokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ukusika kuyinto indlela elula efanelekayo Wabasaqalayo in floriculture.
Kudingekile ukususa ama-cuttings ngokusho kwemiyalo elandelayo:
- Lungisa isanti ngokulivutha kuhhavini.
- Thela isihlabathi sibe indebe noma imbiza encane.
- Sika uhlu lwamakhasi weqabunga.
- Beka isiqu esihlabathini.
- Vala isitsha ngefilimu.
- Gcina kuze kufike ekukhuphukeni kokushisa kwe-+ 25 ... + 27 ° С.
- Hlanganisa umoya udoti bese uphefaza ngebhodlela le-spray.
- Ngemuva kokuba iqabunga liqede, lifaka endaweni enhle.
Indlela yamahlumela amancane kunzima kakhulu, kodwa kumlimi osebenzayo, ngeke kube yinkinga.
Imiyalelo:
- Sika ngommese ingxenye yesitshalo.
- Linda kuze kuvele ukuphunyuka okuncane.
- Sika ngokucophelela bese uyivumela ukuba somile amahora angu-24-48.
- Lungisa i-substrate yesihlabathi bese uwuthululela ekomelweni.
- Ngokufana nokusika, beka ukusika esihlabathini bese umboza isitsha ngefilimu.
- Ngaphambi kokuhluma, gcina izinga lokushisa lama-+ 25 ... + 27 ° C, umoya njalo futhi uphefa ngebhodi le-spray.
- Ngemuva kokuqothula ihlumela, ukuyifaka endaweni enhle.
Hlola izinhlobo ezidumile ze-alokazii.
Indlela eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke kubalimi abanolwazi lwezitshalo zangaphakathi - ukukhiqiza imbewu.
Imbewu ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, kepha ukulima kwabo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu:
- Nciphisa imbewu yosuku emanzini.
- Lungisa i-substrate ye-perlite, isanti ne-peat.
- Hlwanyela umhlabathi wembewu.
- Vala isitsha ngefilimu.
- Beka izitshalo endaweni emnyama ngezinga lokushisa lama-+ 25 ... + 27 ° С.
- Hlanganisa njalo inhlabathi bese uyihlanza ngebhodlela le-spray.
- Emva kwamasonto amabili, lapho izithombo zivela, susa ifilimu bese uhlele kabusha isitsha ukukhanya.
- Vumela umbuso wokushisa uhlale ezingeni elifanayo, uphinde ufeze izithombo ngokulinganisela.
- Lapho izithombo zikhula zibe yi-3 cm, zifake zibe izimbiza ezihlukene endaweni enhle.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Kulezi zinambuzane zokufumbathisa okuyizona ezihlukumeza kakhulu:
- i-thrips;
- isi-spider mite;
- i-aphid
Ngokusho abanikazi, umuthi wesicabucabu uvela esitshaleni kaningi, futhi imbangela inzima kakhulu ukubona. Uma kukhona izinambuzane ezenzekayo, sebenzisa inambuzane "Fitoverm". Isifo esivamile siyizimpande zokubola, okwenzeka ngenxa yokuphuza noma ukuchelela njalo. Ukuze ukwelashwa, fakela isitshalo. Uma usufaka kabusha, hlola i-rhizome, ususe izingxenye ezibolile uphinde usebenze izingxenye ngamapayipi amalahle.
Ngokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, zama ukungawunaki imbali. Njengoba intendeni yesiHawaii idinga izimo, kungase kuwele ukutshala okungalungile. Ukuze ubuyisele isitshalo, hlaziya ukunakekelwa, ulungise ukushiyeka futhi ulungise indlela yokukhula. I-Brighamia iyisitshalo esimangalisayo, kodwa esifuna kakhulu. Akuwona wonke umlimi we-amateur ongakwazi ukusingatha lokhu okunomsoco. Noma kunjalo, ukunakekelwa okufanele nokubekezela komnikazi kuzovumela isikhathi eside ukuba ujabulele ukubukeka okuhle nenhlama yembali.
