Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-Ultra-zakuqala, utamatisi Katya F1, yakhiwa kamuva nje, yanezelwa kwiRegional State yeRussian Federation ngonyaka we-2007. Waqala masinyane ukujabulela impumelelo phakathi kwezakhamizi zasehlobo, ngenxa yezimpawu zakhe eziphakeme, ukukhiqiza, ukungabekezeleli, okuvumela ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi ukuthi bathole imiphumela emihle.
UTomato Katya F1 wadalwa abafuyi bezitshalo uS.V. Balabanyuk no-Y. B. Alekseev ngomyalo wenkampani yembewu "Semko-Junior".
Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele kakhulu izimo zezulu zesifunda saseNyakatho Caucasus, kodwa futhi zikhula ngokuphumelelayo kwezinye izifunda zeRussia Federation, kanti ukutshala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kuyandisa indawo lapho kusatshalaliswa khona.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamatamatisi Katya
I-Katya F1 iyinhlobonhlobo ye-Ultra-zakuqala, enye yezinhle kakhulu. Izithelo zivuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-75-80. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu - kuvunwa ngesikwele ngasinye samakhilogremu ayi-10, bese kuthi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kube izikhathi ezi-1.5 ngaphezulu. Lesi sitshalo simisiwe, sifinyelela kuma-70 cm amade, kepha sidinga i-garter eyisibopho, ikakhulukazi amagatsha abuthakathaka ngamaqoqo asindayo wezithelo.
Emabhulashini afinyelela ku-8-round-round, utamatisi obomvu, obomvu, onesisindo esingaba ngu-130 g.Akunambitheka kahle. Le nhlobonhlobo isaladi, kodwa futhi ilungele ukuwafaka, ukhahlula, ukwenza ujusi wamatamatisi namanye amalungiselelo. Ngokuvamile kudliwa okusha, ngoba kuvuthwa kuqala lapho kungakakulondolozwa.
Izithelo zonke zivuthwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye, ngakho-ke isivuno esikhulu sivunwa ngokushesha. Lamatamatisi agcinwa isikhathi eside. Kunconywe ukususa izithelo ezingavuthiwe kancane ukuze zigcinwe futhi zihanjiswe ngezinto zokuthengisa - zivuthwa ngokushesha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngemuva kwesivuno esikhulu, utamatisi kaKatyya usathela izithelo, kepha isibalo samaqanda sakhiwa kancane.
UTomato Katya pink F1
Ingeniswe ebhukwini Lombuso laseRussia Federation ngonyaka we-2017. Ngentsha, usezitholele abalandeli bakhe abaningi. Ngokuya ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, umkhiqizo, izindlela zokutshala zokulima ezisetshenzisiwe nezinye izinkomba, izici zetamatisi Katya pink F1 zihambisana ngokuphelele nezinhlobonhlobo eziphambili.
Ihluka ngombala nokunambitheka kwesithelo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Utamatisi kaKatyha uthandwa emizini yangasese futhi athandwa kakhulu ngabalimi ngesivuno sabo esiphakeme nokubukeka okungathengiswa kuthengiswa ngentengiso.
Izinzuzo utamatisi Katya F1:
- ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi;
- ukunambitheka okuhle kwe-hybrid;
- Universal universal kwesicelo;
- amanani aphezulu okutshala kwezentengiso - ukugcina ikhwalithi, ukuhanjiswa;
- izithelo ezinhle, ungaqhekeki;
- ukwehluka okuphezulu;
- ukungathobeki;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi zikatamatisi.
Okubi:
- ukuqina kweziqu - zidinga ukuboshwa, ikakhulukazi amabhulashi nezithelo;
- ukulimala nge-saposis - lesi sifo sivikeleka kalula ngokubheka imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo (ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi njalo, ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ukufakwa kwam umoya wokugcina izithombo njalo), ukufafaza izihlahla ngezindlela ezikhethekile.
Izici zezithombo ezikhulayo zezinhlobonhlobo Katya
Ukuze ukhule utamatisi Katya F1, awudingi ukudala izimo ezingeziwe zokunakekelwa. Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo buyafana nakwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi. Njengoba lokhu kuyi-hybrid, minyaka yonke udinga ukuthenga imbewu entsha, ngoba eqoqwe kusuka izithelo ayinazindawo ezidingekayo.
Isikhathi sokutshala imbewu
Lapho ukutshala imbewu, kunqunywa yizimo zezulu zesifunda, kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, izithombo zikhule izinyanga ezimbili, bese zitshalwa emibhedeni, futhi isivuno sokuqala sokuvuthwa ngenyanga.
Ezindaweni ezifudumele, imbewu itshalwa ezitshalweni emabhokisini ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Futhi ezimweni ezibanda kakhulu, uma kungekho abamba ukushisa, amahlumela atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Kulokhu, imbewu yezithombo ihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi.
Kukhona enye indlela. Ukutshala imbewu kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile (ukumboza ngefilimu) ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi kugcinwe ngaphansi kwenyanga inyanga. Kepha lapho izithelo zizoba khona engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. Kulokhu, izindawo zokuqala zokuvuthwa zalezinhlobonhlobo ziyalahleka.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Imbewu ethengiwe esitolo isivele icubunguliwe - awukwazi ukuyibulala magciwane bese ukulungiswa kwayo kufaka izigaba ezinjalo kuphela:
- ukulinganisa - susa imbewu eyonakele futhi emincane, hlola ukuthi ukuhluma kusawoti (yini leyo engahlwanyelwanga, kepha uhlale ezansi ethangini elungele ukuhlwanyelwa);
- ukumila - kusabalalisa imbewu ngendwangu emanzi noma Foam, bese ukumboza ngendwangu emanzi ngaphezulu, kuthatha cishe amahora angama-18 ukuvuvukala, izimpande ezinde akufanele zivunyelwe ukuba ziqhume ngoba ziyisihlakala;
- lukhuni - beka imbewu ngemuva kokungena ezimweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi (ngokwesibonelo, eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi) ukuze zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nezimo ezingezinhle, ngenkathi ikhulisa ukuhluma kwembewu nokungazeleleki kwezitshalo ezizayo.
Izidingo zenhlabathi
Ukuze uthole izithombo ezikhulayo, kungcono ukuthenga umhlabathi owenzelwe utamatisi, olinganise ngokuphelele ukwakheka kwezakhi kanye ne-acidity.
Abanye abalimi bathanda ukulungiselela inhlabathi bebodwa.
Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi yezithombo:
- umhlaba wegadi;
- umquba
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- ufulawa we-dolomite noma umlotha wezinkuni ukuze wenze i-acidity yenhlabathi ibe muncu;
- umanyolo wamaminerali;
- sphagnum moss kwenhlabathi ukuthuthuka ngcono kungangezwa.
Iphethini yokufakelwa
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa ngokushesha ezimbizeni ezihlukile noma ngaphambili ezitsheni zokuntywila ngokulandelayo emabhodweni amancane:
- Amadaya abekwa ezansi kwezinkomishi noma ezitsheni, nenhlabathi engu-5cm obukhulu phezulu.
- Ezitsheni, imbewu ngayinye ibekwa eceleni okungama-2-3 cm.
- abafafazwe phezulu komhlaba kungabi ngaphezu kwama-2 mm.
- Thela amanzi ebhodleleni lokufafaza.
- Mboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi, ubekwe endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Ukuthola izithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, zinikeze ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi.
- Isembozo sengilazi esitsheni sivulwa nsuku zonke ukuze kungene umoya omncane, bese kuthi emva kokuhluma amahlumela asuswe.
- Zigcina amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukukhanyisa kanye nomswakama egumbini.
- Ukondla kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ukuchelela okujwayelekile ngokulinganayo kunikezwa kusetyenziswa isibhamu sokufafaza.
- Ukukhetha kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kombhangqwana wokuqala wamaqabunga eqiniso. Izithombo ziniselwa kakhulu, bese ngobumnene, zisebenzisa isipuni, zisuswe esitsheni bese zifakwa ebhodweni elilungiselelwe.
- Lapho izitshalo zimila futhi zithola amandla, ziniselwa ngendlela evamile zisebenzisa umsele wokunisela. Amanzi akufanele avunyelwe ukuwela emacembe ukuvikela izifo.
- Ukukhanyisa kubaluleke kakhulu, ukukhanya kwemini kufanele okungenani kube ngamahora ayi-12. Ngokuntuleka kwayo, ama-phytolamp asetshenziswa.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Kwezinhlobonhlobo zeKatya, imibhede kufanele ikhethwe ezindaweni ezigcwala noma ezinesihlabathi, inhlabathi kumele ibe nokuphefumula. Uma inhlabathi ine-acidic, khona-ke yonke iminyaka emi-3 udinga ukufaka ufulawa we-lime noma we-dolomite (300-600 g ngemitha yesikwele) kuyo.
Lapho indawo ingenayo inhlabathi efanele imibhede, ingalungiswa. Kwinhlabathi enobumba esindayo engeza isihlabathi somfula (1 ibhakede ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele), umquba. Uma ufaka isihlabathi nge-organic ngonyaka okungenani iminyaka emi-5, inhlabathi izovuleka.
Isikhathi sokutshala utamatisi kaKatyya endaweni evulekile kuya ngesifunda - eningizimu kungukuqala kukaMeyi, futhi enyakatho ngaphezulu kusukela ekuqaleni kuya maphakathi noJuni. Inhlabathi kumele ivele ifudumale kahle futhi nokubuya kwesithwathwa kukhishwe.
Izithombo zangaphambilini zidinga ukuqiniswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele, bayikhipha bayiyise engadini amahora amaningi phakathi nosuku bese beyibeka ethunzini elithile. Le nqubo ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuvumelana kwezitshalo endaweni entsha.
Izimbobo engadini zenziwa ngokubalwa kwezihlahla ezi-5-6 ngemitha eyodwa. Ziyaniselwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, bese kutshalwa izithombo. Iziqu zingcwatshwe kancane ngaphezu kwezinga lapho zazikhona ezitsheni. Ngemuva kwalokho izitshalo ziyaniselwa bese zifafazwa ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Ukunakekelwa Utamatisi
Ukulungiselela izithombo kusinyathelo sokuqala kuphela sokuthola isivuno esihle. Kuyadingeka ngokuzayo ukulandela yonke imithetho yokunakekela lezi zitshalo. Ubuchwepheshe obulungile bezolimo ukunakekelwa kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo budinga ukufezekiswa kwezimo eziningana zokuphoqelelwa.
Ukunisela
Le nhlobonhlobo ye-Ultra-zakuqala idinga ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Umthombo ngamunye udinga amanzi afinyelela ku-1 litre, kodwa akumele uvunyelwe ukugxila kuwo. Amanzi akufanele awele emacembe nezithelo. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ukunisela kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwezithombo endaweni entsha, ebusheni, lapho ukuqhakaza kuqala.
Umanyolo
Ngokokuqala ngqa, utamatisi bondliwa ngezinsuku eziyi-10-12 emva kokufakelwa. Izithako zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezimbiwa ziyasetshenziswa. Kumanzi ayi-9 l, kufakwa i-1/10 ye-mullein ne-20 g ye-superphosphate. Le khambi lanele izitshalo eziyi-10. Ukugqoka okulandelayo kwe-2 okuphezulu kwenziwa njalo emavikini ama-2. Faka umanyolo wamaminerali.
UStepson
Kubalulekile ukwakha izihlahla ngendlela efanele. Le nqubo iyadingeka ukususa amahlumela ngokweqile ukuze izithelo zikhule kangcono.
Kungcono ukwenza indodana yokutholwa ekuseni. Ukuze usike usebenzisa isikere noma ummese. Shiya isiqu esisodwa noma ezimbili.
Ukuvula amandla
Le nhlobonhlobo ihlala i-spud, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi osindayo. Ukusulwa kokuqala kwenziwa emavikini ayi-1.5 ngemuva kokufakelwa, okwalandela njalo emavikini ama-2. Ngaphambi kwale nqubo, utamatisi uyaniselwa - ukukhiqizwa ngomhlabathi omanzi kuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezimpande.
Izifo nezinambuzane
UTomato Katya F1 umelana nezifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zamatamatisi, ngaphandle kwe-phomosis (ukubola oku-brown), okungavinjelwa ngokusebenzisa i-oxychloride yethusi yokufafaza. Kepha ngeshwa, kuthambekele ekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane, njengezinye izitshalo zasengadini.
Uhlelo lwezimpande luyathinteka - ibhele, izibungu zebhungane likaMeyi, i-wireworm. Ukulwa nabo ngezindlela zemishini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-granle akhethekile anoshevu, afakwa emithonjeni ngesikhathi sokutshala.
Izingxenye ezingcolile zilimaza ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies, amacimbi ama-scoops. Ukulwa nabo, kusetshenziselwa ukufafaza ngezixazululo zamalungiselelo akhethekile (i-Actara).
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancomela: ukuhlanza kanye nokusebenzisa utamatisi Katya
Ngenxa yokukhiqiza nokungabekezeleli, utamatisi ohlukahlukene uKatya uthokozisa inala yamatamatisi avuthiwe ngisho nabalimi abangenalwazi. Njengoba ingxenye eyinhloko yesilimo ivuthwa ngasikhathi sinye, kungcono ukunakekela ukugcinwa kwayo kusengaphambili.
Kumasaladi amasha, amanye utamatisi ashiywe ehlathini aze avuthwe ngokugcwele. Ukuze uzinikeze utamatisi omusha isikhathi eside, kungcono ukususa ingxenye yesilimo ngezithelo ezingavuthiwe - zizovuthwa futhi zizogcinwa isikhathi eside.
I-pulp yamatamatisi Katya F1 iminyene, i-peel ayiqhekeki, ngakho-ke ihamba phambili ngokulondolozwa. Ukuvunwa kuvunwa lapho utamatisi usuvele uvuthiwe, kepha uqine, ungavuthwa.
