Indlela yokutshala nokukhula utamatisi "I-giant yellow"

Emashalofini ezitolo ungase uthole utamatisi ophuzi.

Naphezu kokubukeka kwabo okungavamile, akuzona ezansi ngaphansi kohlobo oluthile lwetamatisi, futhi ukuntuleka kwe-pigment ebomvu kubenza kube ne-hypoallergenic.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezithandwayo ze-"Yellow Giant", okulungile ukulungiselela ama saladi ehlobo ehlobo.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

"I-Giant Yellow" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi ezingapheli, okusho ukuthi ukukhula kwayo cishe akusho. Ngokwesilinganiso, isihlahla sikhula sibe ngamamitha angu-1.2-1.7, ngokuvamile kuya kumamitha ayi-1.8. Ubukhulu obuhlaza besitshalo abuyeki ukukhula kuze kube seqhwa. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinenzuzo enjalo:

• izithelo ezinkulu;
• ukunambitheka okumnandi;
• fruiting eside;
• ekhulile emhlabathini ovulekile nasendaweni yokugcina izithombo.

Umthengi:

• isithelo sikhulu kakhulu, ngakho konke akuhambisani nembiza;
• ayilondolozwe isikhathi eside.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-tomato ezingapheli zihlanganisa nokuthi "Uju", "Cherokee", "i-Pepper-like giant", "Ladies" indoda "," Cosmonaut Volkov "," uMongameli "," Cornabel F1 ".

Futhi, i- "Yellow Giant" inezinamba eziningi zokungaphumeleli okuyisici sezinye izinhlobo ze-tomato eziphuzi:

• ukuthuthukiswa okude kwendima yemifino;
• kamuva izithelo ukuvuthwa;
• ayikwazi ukutshala endaweni evulekile ezifundeni ezinehlobo elifushane.

Phakathi kwezici ezihlukanisayo ze "Yellow Giant" kukhona:

• fruiting eside;
• ukunambitheka okumnandi;
• iphunga elimnandi;
• akukho izithelo eziqhekezayo.

Izithelo nezivuno

Ukuhlukahluka kubhekisela ekuvuthweni okuphakathi-isikhathi sokuvuthwa yizinsuku ezingu-110-122 kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala. Kuvuna ngokuphindaphindiwe, kuze kube seqhwa.

Kufika ku-5.5 kg wezithelo ezinesisindo sika 200-300 g ongasuswa esihlahleni esisodwa; ezinye zingaba nesisindo esingaba ngu-400 g. Isithelo sisisindo noma sizungezile. Iqukethe ushukela okwandisiwe ne-beta-carotene, okwenza inyama yayo ibe mnandi.

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Imithetho yokukhetha izithombo "Giant yellow" ifana nezinye izinhlobonhlobo utamatisi:

1. Thola iminyaka yobude. Kuhle ukutshala ezifanele izitshalo ezingu-45-60, hhayi ezindala.
2. I-stem evunyelwe ukuphakama kuze kube ngu-30 cm; kufanele kube amaqabunga angu-11-12.
3. Isiqu kufanele sibe mnandi njengepensela futhi sibe nombala ohlaza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
4. Uhlelo lwempande kumele lufakwe kahle, ngaphandle kokulimala.
5. Izitshalo ngasinye zesikhukhula kudingeka zihlolwe ngokuba khona kwezinambuzane (amaqanda abo ngokuvamile avame ukutshala amahlamvu). Futhi, akufanele kube khona amathanga esiteshini, futhi amaqabunga akufanele abheke wrinkled.
6. Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi izithombo zisezinobhokisini zomhlaba futhi zingabi zivilapha.

Kubalulekile! Njengoba ebonile okungenani iphutha elilodwa ezihlahleni, kungcono ukhethe izithombo kusuka komunye umdayisi.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Umbhede wokutshala utamatisi kufanele ulungiselelwe ekwindla. Iyalinywa futhi ifakwe umanyolo (30-40 g we-superphosphates kanye no-25-30 g we-potash umanyolo kumitha 1 square). I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ngu-6.5 pH. Uma landa, bese wengeza u-0.5-0.9 kg we-lime, 5-7 kg wezindaba eziphilayo futhi 40-60 g we-superphosphates. Umbhede kufanele utholakale eningizimu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga yecebo. Kungatshalwa izithombo lapho umhlaba uhlaselwa ku-15 ° C.

Lapho ukhula utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa, umswakama womoya kufanele ube ngu-60-70%, futhi izinga lokushisa kumele libe ngu-23 ° С, kuze kuvele amahlumela; ke kufanele ihliswe ku-10-15 ° С ngesikhathi semini futhi ngo-8-10 ° С ebusuku.

Izandulela phambili zamatamatisi:

• ukhukhamba;
• iklabishi;
• i-zucchini;
• anyanisi.

Endaweni lapho bakhula khona ama-pepper, amazambane noma ama-eggplants, utamatisi ungatshala eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala

Imbewu ingavunwa ngokuzimela noma kuthengwa ezitolo. Uma uthenga imbewu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uphathwe izifo nezinambuzane.

Lapho imbewu yokuvuna, kufanele ikhunjulwe nge-disinfected - ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu eyomile kufanele ishehwe ngamahora angu-48 ku-30 ​​° C namahora angu-72 ku-50 ° C. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele ifakwe kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate isigamu sehora, bese ihlanza ngaphansi kwamanzi agijima imizuzu engu-10. Hlwanyela imbewu yokutshala izinsuku ezingama-60-65 ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuhlelwa kokutshala amahlathi amancane emhlabathini ovulekile. Emhlabathini, ama-grooves akwenziwa ngokujula kwe-1 cm nebanga lika-5-6 cm phakathi kwawo. Imbewu ifakwa lapho ngekhefu lama-2 cm futhi ifafazwe ngomhlaba. Khona-ke umbhede noma ibhokisi enezithombo zesikhathi esizayo ihlanganiswa nefilimu kuze kufike amahlumela okuqala.

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Uhlelo lokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile - tape noma chess, ebangeni elingenani cm 60 phakathi kwezithombo naphakathi kwemigqa.

Ngemva kokukhipha ifilimu ensimini, izithombo zifakwe nge-spray of water. Lapho izihlahla zihlala ezihlalweni ezihlala njalo, ukuchelela kuyadingeka kakhulu - ama-0.7-0.9 amalitha kufanele ahambe emhlabathini owodwa.

Ukunisela izithombo kuyinto efiselekayo ntambama noma sezulu esibhakabhakeni, futhi ngaphambi kokukhipha inhlabathi. Ukukhululeka kwenziwa phakathi kwemigqa nasemigqeni ngokwayo 1 isikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-10-12. Kanye nokukhululeka nokulawulwa kokhula kwenziwa.

Kubalulekile! Uma utamatisi ukhula emhlabathini okhuni, kubalulekile ukukhulula ngokujulile inhlabathi ye-10-15 izinsuku emva kokutshala.

I-hilling yokuqala ye-bush bush itholakala ezinsukwini ezingu-9-11 kusukela ngosuku lokufakelwa kabusha. Ngaphambi kwenqubo udinga ukunisela izitshalo. Isikhathi esilandelayo udinga ukuphenya ngezinsuku ezingu-16-20. Ehlobo, izihlahla ze "Yellow Giant" kufanele zondliwe kathathu:

1. Okokuqala umanyolo usetshenziswa enhlabathini izinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokufakelwa kabusha. Okufakwe yizinyoni ze-droppings noma indle yenkomo ihlungiwe emanzini (1 kg ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10). Ngemuva kokwenza ukudla kunesidingo ukuze kusetshenziswe imifino.
2. Uma i-ovary ibonakala ehlathini kwesandla sesibili, emva kwesonto ungaphinda uphinde ukhule isitshalo. Isisombululo somanyolo "Umquba", i-copper sulfate kanye ne-potassium permanganate (3 g ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi elilodwa) lisetshenziswa. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye sithela amalitha amabili.
3. Isikhathi sokugcina sokufaka umquba senziwa uma izithelo zokuqala ziqala ukuvuthwa. Isixazululo sinjalo, kepha ama-2.5 amalitha ehlathini.

"I-giant yellow" iyinhlobonhlobo ephakeme kakhulu enezihlahla eziningi, ngakho-ke, ukuze isihlahla sithwale isisindo sesithelo, kufanele siboshwe. Njengokusekela, ungasebenzisa i-trellis noma izingodo nje.

Uma usebenzisa i-trellis, izigxobo ziqhutshwa ngegebe lamamitha amane kanti intambo ihanjiswa phakathi kwabo - isihlahla siboshelwe kuso. Izitebhisi zitholakala enyakatho yesitshalo endaweni ebangeni elingu-9-11 cm ukusuka esiteshini. Isikhathi sokuqala isihlahla siboshwe ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa kabusha; ke, njengoba ukhula, ezingeni lemibhoshongo yesibili nelesithathu.

Ukuze uthole izithelo eziphezulu, Utamatisi Ophuzi Kumele ube yi-stepson, ushiye ama-stalks amabili. Uma udinga izithelo zobuningi obukhulu kakhulu, khona-ke isithombo esisodwa sishiywe. Futhi, ukuze ulungise ukukhula kwesihlahla, udinga ukugcizelela phezulu, ukuze ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuhluma, wonke amandla aya ekwakheni i-ovary.

Uyazi? Ngo-1544, okokuqala isitshalo sezitshalo sase-Italy uPietro Mattioli sichaza okokuqala utamatisi, esibiza ngokuthi "iPomi d'oro" (i-apula yegolide). Ngakho igama elithi "utamatisi", futhi igama elithi "utamatisi" linezimpande zesiFulentshi futhi livela ku "tomate".

Izifo nokuvimbela izinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo eziningi. Lithinta kuphela i-phytophthora, i-mosaic ephathekayo kanye ne-Colorado mbatata beetle.

Ukulwa nokulimala kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi kwezidakamizwa "I-Ordan", "Isivinini", "Isivinini". Zicubungulwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Uma i-ovary yokuqala ivela, sebenzisa i-1% isisombululo se-potassium permanganate exutshwe nengilazi yelisiki (u-0.5 l nge-1 sq. Meter).

Uma lesi sitshalo sishaywe ngokuphelele lesi sifo, kulula ukuhamba nokushisa.

Ukuze unciphise amathuba okutshala izitshalo ngomdwebo wegwayi, imbewu kufanele iphathwe ngesisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate ngaphambi kokutshala. Uma kwenzeka lesi sifo sesanda kuqalisa ukubonakala, amaqabunga abathintekayo aphule futhi ashiswa. Ngokunqotshwa okunamandla isihlahla sithathwa sishiswe ngaphandle kwesayithi.

I-Colorado ye-potato beetle ihlasela izithombo ezimbalwa kuphela. Ukulwa naye kuqala lapho izibungu zokuqala zivela engadini; Isebenzisa amathuluzi afanayo njengamazambane. Kuhle kakhulu ukuphambanisa ama-biopreparations "Bitoksibaktsillin", "Colorado", "Fitoverm", "Bicol."

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ukuvuna "Okumnyama Okuphuzi" izikhathi eziningana phakathi nenkathi. Ukuvuna kokuqala kungenziwa izinsuku ezingu-120 emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu - ngalesi sikhathi izithelo kufanele zithole umbala ophuzi ophuzi. Ukuhlanza kokugcina kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokushisa kwehla ngaphansi kwe-8 ° C.

Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo azigcinwanga isikhathi eside, kepha ukuthuthukiswa okuncane kule nkomba yekhwalithi kungenzeka, uma uqoqa utamatisi ngaphandle kokukhubazeka, ukuvuthwa okunamandla nokuphakathi.

Utamatisi agcinwa emabhokisini, emgqeni owodwa, anezinhlayiyana zezihlahla ezinqabile. Uma kungekho shavings, ungasebenzisa iphepha - libeka ibhokisi bese limboza isithelo ngasinye. Ekamelweni lapho utamatisi egcinwa khona, kufanele kube nomswakama we-85-90% nokuphuza umoya omuhle.

Uyazi? Izindlela zokupheka zokuqala ezisebenzisa utamatisi zitholakala ku-cookbook ka-1692 futhi zanyatheliswa e-Italy. Kodwa bacabanga ukuthi bevela emithonjeni yaseSpanishi.

"Giant yellow" - ekahle kulabo abathanda utamatisi, kodwa abakwazi ukuwadla ngenxa yemithi. Izinhlobonhlobo zingenakuzithoba; Kungatshalwa kokubili ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasensimini. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, uzothola ukunambitheka okumnandi kwalezi zithelo kuze kube seqhwa.