Amavithamini adingekayo ukugeleza cishe zonke izinqubo ze-biochemical and metabolic emzimbeni. Lezi zinto ezikhuthele kakhulu ziyadingeka ngobuncane kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nokuntuleka okuncane kwazo kungaholela emiphumeleni eyingozi. Amanye amavithamini angatholakala ekudleni, noma kunjalo, ekudleni okusekelwe ekhaya, awahlali njalo ehlanganisa izidingo zogwaja ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ze-vithamini, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasebusika, ngakho-ke ama-vitamin akhethekile kufanele aqaliswe ekudleni.
Yiziphi amavithamini okwenza onogwaja adinga?
Izinambuzane zidinga uhla olugcwele lwezinto ezinamakhomikhali, ngalinye liwenza umsebenzi othize emzimbeni. Amavithamini angaba namafutha amaningi (A, E, K, D) namanzi anelisayo (C, B, i-biotin). Lezi zinsuku zihlukaniswa ukuthi azikwazi ukubuthelela emzimbeni, ngakho-ke kumele zihlale zivela ekudleni, futhi uma zingekho, izimpawu zokuntuleka zivela ngokushesha.
Uyazi? Uma unogwaja ukwesaba kakhulu, inhliziyo ingayeka.Izinto ezinamafutha vithamini anomswakama:
- A - kuqinisekisa ukukhula okufanele komzimba, ukulawula umsebenzi wokuzala, isimo se-epithelium nethambo lamathambo, futhi kuqinisa isimiso somzimba;
- Kuya - iqhaza ekwakheni amathambo amathambo, izinqubo zokwakheka kwegazi;
- E - ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela kwayo, umsebenzi wokuzala awukwazi, i-tocopherol nayo ibophezele ekuvikeleni ezingeni leselula, ngokuba yi-antioxidant eqinile kakhulu;
- D - unesibopho sokwakheka namandla wamathambo, i-phosphoric-calcium metabolism,
Izinto ezincibilikayo kwamanzi:
- Nge - ngaphandle kwalo, akukho izinqubo eziphilayo eziqhubekayo, futhi unesibopho sokuzivikela, ukumelana nezimo ezimbi zemvelo;
- Amavithamini B - banesibopho sokusebenza okuvamile kwezinhlelo ze-nervous and digestive, ukwakheka kwegazi, izinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba, ukuhlanganiswa kwezici ezihlukahlukene;
- i-biotin - umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuhlanganisa izinto eziningi: i-glucose, i-amino acids, ama-fatty acids.
Amavithamini emvelo
Njengoba sibonile, inani elithile lamavithamini lingatholakala kumanogwa ngokudla. Ukudliwa kwezilwane kufanele kube okuhlukahlukene futhi kulinganiswe, kuphela kuleli cala singakhuluma ngezimbalwa zomsoco emzimbeni. Amavithamini ngendlela yabo yemvelo, yemvelo ingatholakala kumaqembu alandelayo wemikhiqizo.
Thola ukuthi iziphi izidingo zokudla kogwaja oluhlaza.
Ukudla okuhlaza
Ukudla okuluhlaza kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwezinogwaja, ngenxa yokuthi izilwane azitholi nje kuphela izithako ze-vithamini, kodwa futhi nezamaminerali, i-digestible ngokugcwele futhi i-carbohydrate engama-digestible kalula namaprotheni. 
Ukudla okuhlaza kuhlanganisa amaqembu anjalo:
- ama-legumes kanye nama-cereal grass mix mixtures (alfalfa, clover, clover elimnandi, salvage, vetch, rye ubusika, ibhali, oats, ummbila);
- imifula kanye namahlathi wehlathi (i-plantain, i-nettle, i-yarrow, ihlwanyela i-thistle, i-tansy, i-dandelion, utshani obolweni);
- imifino impande (ifolishi kanye neshukela isithombo sebhitrudi, iklabishi yefolishi, isanqante).
Kubalulekile! Amagciwane kufanele ahlukaniswe futhi avunwe ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, njengoba izingxenye ezindala, izitshalo ezindala zingagciniwe futhi zitholwa yisimiso sokugaya izinambuzane.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla okunomsoco kwakha ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla esikhathini sekwindla nobusika. Zinezinto ezinamavithamini ezinomsoco, okunomsoco, ngaphandle kokuthokoza okukhulu zidliwa onogwaja. 
Amaqembu amakhulu okudla okunomsoco:
- imigoqo. Izinambuzane zinganikezwa ama-watermononi, ama-melon, i-zucchini kanye ne-ithanga (angadliwa nge-eluhlaza noma abilisiwe). Amagundane aqukethe cishe inani elifanayo lamavithamini A, iqembu B, C, K;
- imifino impande. Onogwaja ngokuzithandela badla izaqathe kanye nefolda beet (hhayi ama-beet abomvu obomvu!), Yimiphi umthombo we-ascorbic acid, amavithamini K, C neqembu B;
- isilo Lezi yizinto zokudla eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa kufomu elivutshiwe. Kungcono kakhulu ukutshala izitshalo ezingavumelekile ukumelela hay: amaqabunga eklabishi, ama-corn stalks, iziqongqo, nemifino yezimpande. Silage kuyadingeka ukuba onogwaja bazalise amasheya e-ascorbic acid ne-beta-carotene.
Zazi ngokwakho ngezici zokusetshenziswa kwesondlo segatsha legwaja.
Ukudla okumbi
Ukudla okunogwaja kogwaja kuqukethe imikhiqizo elandelayo:
- utshani nomhlanga. Bakha isisekelo sokuqhaqhazela, ukugcwalisa umzimba ngamavithamini C noK, kanti futhi kukhona umthombo omuhle kakhulu we-fiber;
- utshani ukudla. Umthombo wamavithamini C, K, kanye no-A, E neqembu B;
- amahlumela (i-willow, i-linden, i-juniper, i-birch, i-mountain ash, i-acacia, i-maple). Gcwalisa umzimba nge-ascorbic acid, i-vitamin B, i-retinol ne-tocopherol.
Ukudla okuxubile
Ukudla okunomsoco onamandla aphezulu okubizwa ngokuthi okugxilisiwe: izitshalo ezikhanyayo, ikhekhe lamafutha kanye ne-bran. Isisekelo sokudla kogwaja kukhona okusanhlamvu okunjengama-oats, ummbila, ukolweni nebhali:
- oats umthombo wamavithamini B1, B5, B9 noK;
- ummbila liqukethe amavithamini ahlukahlukene, kodwa ngesamba esincane: A, E, PP, K, iqembu B;
- ukolweni umthombo ocebile wezakhi ze-vitamin B, kanye ne-E, PP, K ne-biotin;
- ibhali futhi iqukethe izinto eziningana eziningana kakhulu: E, H, PP, K no-B amavithamini.
Imfucuza yokudla
Imfucuza yokudla ihlanganisa izinsalela zezifundo zokuqala nezesibili, ukuhlanza imifino, i-pasta izitsha, isinkwa sihlala.
Kubalulekile! Udoti wokudla kufanele ube olusha futhi alukwazi ukugcinwa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili. Uma kunezibonakaliso zokubheka noma ukubunjwa, azikwazi ukudla.
Iqukethe lawo mavithamini ayengumkhiqizo wokulungiselela, kodwa ngobuncane obukhulu ngenxa yokwelapha okushisa.
Izithasiselo zokudla
Okulandelayo, sibheka izithasiselo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezisebenzayo ezinogwaja, ezingasetshenziswa ngokudla (amanzi) noma zifakwe emgodini ukuze isilwane sifike kubo nganoma isiphi isikhathi.
Funda ukuthi ungondla kanjani ukondla onogwaja.
Amatshe amaminerali "Kesha"
Leli khambi lenye imithombo ye-calcium. Iqukethe i-sulphate ne-calcium carbonate, ama-shell oyster, ama-limestone, i-vitamin C, nosawoti.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukubunjwa nakho kunama-flavour nemibala, kodwa ngokusho komenzi, bangokwemvelo. Amatshe amaminerali, njengethuluzi langaphambilini, udinga ukulungisa endaweni efinyeleleka kalula esitokisini.
Okusebenza ngokuphumelelayo lokhu okungeziwe kuwukudla kokusanhlamvu. Uma usebenzisa amatshe amaminerali, kufanele njalo uqaphele ukuba khona kwamanzi ahlanzekile esilwaneni.
I-mineral stone "Chika"
Amatshe amaminerali onogwaja avela enkampanini ethi "Chika" ayimthombo we-calcium ne-phosphorus, ngenxa yokuthi amasaka namathambo aqiniswa. 
Futhi, ukuqubuka kwamatshe njalo kugaxeka ekugayeni kwamazinyo, okuyinto kulawo onogwaja akhula kuyo yonke impilo.
Ilitshe lamaminerali limane linamathele emgodini ngosizo lwezintambo ezilula, kanti unogwaja uyayigcina kancane kancane uma kudingeka.
Isixazululo "Bio-iron"
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi yokudla okungeyinto engasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izilwane zasemapulazini nezifuywayo, kubandakanya onogwaja. Izici zayo ziyi:
- esetshenziselwa ukujwayela izinqubo zokuvimbela umzimba, ukuvimbela i-anemia kanye nokuntuleka kwe-iodine;
- kuvimbela ukwehla nokuthuthukiswa;
- ukwandisa ukubekezelelana kokucindezeleka kanye nezimfanelo ezithinta izilwane.
Funda ukuthi ungathuthukisa kanjani igciwane lesandulela ngculaza.
Isidakamizwa siwusizo ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezincane esikhathini sokusebenza kwesisindo nokukhula, kanye nabesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokudla. Ukulungiselela kuhlanganisa insimbi, i-iodine, ithusi, i-selenium ne-cobalt. Lelixazululo kumele lixubane ekudleni okomile noma emanzini okugcoba ngesamba esingu-0.1 ml ngosuku ngosuku ngalunye. Inkambo yokusetshenziswa yizinyanga ezingu-2-3.
Amavithamini amalungiselelo
Ukukhula okusebenzayo, onogwaja kudingeka futhi anikezwe amalungiselelo e-vitamin amakhemikhali akhethekile, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi ye-molting, ukukhulelwa nokudla, ukukhula okusebenzayo nokuzuza kwesisindo. 
Uma usebenzisa ama-vitamin aids, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo ngokucophelela, uqaphele umthamo, ngoba ukudliwa okungaphezulu kwevithamini kungase kubhubhise nakakhulu kunokuntula kwabo.
Uyazi? Uhlobo oluncinyane kunazo zonke onogwaja luyi-rabgmy rabbit (i-rabbit idaho), isisindo sakhe asifinyeleli ngisho no-0.5 kg ekukhuleni.
"Chiktonik"
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kwe-vitamin kuyisithasiselo sokudla, kuza ngesisombululo sokuphatha ngomlomo, okuqukethe amavithamini ahlukahlukene kanye nama-amino acids. Amavithamini ayinhloko yi-retinol (A), i-biotin (H), i-tocopherol (E), amavithamini D3 no-K, kanye namanye amaqembu B (B1, B2, B5, B6, B8, B12). Ama-amino acids afaka phakathi okuguquguqukayo futhi okubalulekile: i-lysine, i-arginine, i-alanine, i-leucine, i-aspartic acid, i-tryptophan nezinye.
Isidakamizwa sinemiphumela emihle elandelayo:
- kujwayelekile ukwenza izinqubo zemithi;
- kuqeda ukungabi khona kwamavithamini nezinto nama-amino acids;
- ukwandisa ukumelana nezici ezimbi;
- ukwandisa ukuphepha kwemfuyo ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo;
- ukwandisa izici ezikhiqizayo;
- kunomthelela ekubuyiseleni okusheshayo komzimba uma kwenzeka ubuthi;
- isekela umzimba ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwe-antibiotic eside futhi ngesikhathi sokugoma.
Inkambo yesicelo yizinsuku ezingu-5, isidakamizwa kufanele sengezwe emanzini ngesamba esingu 2 ml ngamunye. Uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa kwe-vitamin kubuye kwenziwe ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-2.
Thola ukuthi unobuthi obuthakathaka obunobungozi bunjani nokuthi buyilwa kanjani.
"Prodevit"
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yevithamini, equkethe i-retinol, i-tocopherol kanye nehlobo lobunikazi be-vitamin D. Isidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa:
- ukusimamisa amaprotheni, i-carbohydrate ne-lipid metabolism,
- ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-vitamin ukuntula,
- ukwandisa ukumelana komzimba
- ukugqugquzela ukukhiqiza nokwandisa ukusinda kwentsha,
- kanye nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokuzivikela we-epithelium (ukuvimbela izilonda, amanxeba, i-dermatitis nokuvuvukala).
Kungenziwa ukuhanjiswa ngomlomo noma ngomjovo. Uma ukhulunywa ngomlomo, isidakamizwa kufanele sengezwe nsuku zonke ekuphakelayo kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Umthamo wabanogwaja ngamaconsi amabili omuthi ngosuku ngosuku ngabanye. 
"E-Selen"
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kwe-vitamin kukhishwa ngesimo sesisombululo sejojo. Ukwakhiwa kuqukethe i-trace element selenium ne-tocopherol (E). Ukubuyisela amazinga ajwayelekile we-selenium ne-tocopherol emzimbeni, isidakamizwa sisiza:
- lawula izinqubo ze-redox nezinqubo zokuxuba,
- kukhuthaza ukuzivikela kanye nokumelana nomzimba
- kusiza ukuthuthukisa kangcono izinto eziningana eziwusizo (isibonelo, A no-D3).
Kubalulekile! Ngokungafani nezinye izithako zokudla, ukudlula ngokweqile nalesi sidakamizwa kungabangela ukubambisana okungafaneleki, ubuhlungu besisu, isikhumba esibomvu kanye nezinambuzane ezimangqamuzana, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa.
"I-E-Selen" inezakhi zokuvimbela i-antioxidant, ivikela umzimba emiphumeleni eyingozi ye-toxin. Isetshenziselwa ukukhula okunamandla nokuthuthukiswa, ukuvezwa kwezici zokucindezeleka, emva kokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo ezifo.
Ukulungiselela kuhlinzekwa kumanogwaja ngaphansi kwesinye isikhathi ezinyangeni ezingu-2-4 ngesilinganiso esingu-0.04 ml nge-1 kg yesisindo. Ukuze usebenze nezidakamizwa ezincane zokulinganisa kwakungcono kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi uyilungise nge-saline oyinyumba.
Kumele futhi ulandele izinyathelo zokuvimbela wena siqu lapho usebenza nethuluzi. Isidakamizwa sokukhulelwa, ukukhwabanisa nesogwaja singanikezwa kuphela emva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane!
Funda kabanzi ngamavithamini onogwaja.
Ama-premixes
Ngokungafani nazo zonke izidakamizwa ezingenhla, okuyizihlanganisi ezondla, ama-premixes aqukethe ububanzi obanzi kakhulu bezinto eziwusizo ekubunjweni, okungagcini kuzinto ezimbalwa namavithamini. Ama-premixes kudingeka adakwe kwindlovu ehlanganisiwe ukuze azalise isidingo sayo yonke into enkulu yevithamini, izakhi ezincane nezikhulu.
"P-90-1"
Le premix yenzelwe ngqo izilwane ezinomsoco, onogwaja. Ekubunjweni kwalo kunomugqa wamavithamini namaminerali, ngokulinganisela okulinganiselwe ngobuningi, ukumboza isidingo sosuku lwezilwane kulezi zinto. Amaminerali anensimbi, ithusi, ama-manganese, i-cobalt, i-iodine, i-zinc. Phakathi kwamavithamini izinto kukhona: i-retinol, uhlobo lwevithamini D, tocopherol, amavithamini B (B1, B2, B3, B5, B12). 
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-premix ezinogwaja:
- ngcono ikhwalithi yezikhumba,
- ukwandisa ukuphepha nokuzuzwa kwesisindo sencane,
- izindleko zokudla zinciphile,
- ukuvikela ingculazi kuqinisa,
- ukwandisa ukumelana komzimba,
- Ukuvinjelwa kwezimo eziningi ze-pathological kwenzeka.
I-premix kufanele ifakwe kokuphakelayo ngokulandela uhlelo olulandelayo: i-premix kufanele ixutshwe okusanhlamvu ngesilinganiso se-1: 5 noma i-1:10. Ingxube ehlanganisiwe kufanele ifakwe kwi-feed ehlangene ku-isilinganiso: 1 kg ye-premix ngayinye ye-99 kg yokudla.
"Ushastik"
I-Premix "Ushastik" yabanogwaja (0.5%) iphinde ibe ne-vitamin-mineral supplement nge-composition efanayo: i-iron, i-zinc, i-cobalt, i-manganese, i-iodine, ithusi, i-retinol, i-tocopherol, ifomu le-vitamin D namavithamini eqembu B.
Uyazi? E-Queensland (e-Australia), ukugcina unogwaja njengesilwane kuyakujeziswa ngamafa angama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30! Futhi konke ngoba e-Australia lezi zilwane zibhekwa njengezilokazane, umonakalo waminyaka yonke okuyi-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu.
Kudingekile ukusebenzisa i-premix nge-feed ezinyangeni ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi ubudala nesimo sezilwane. I-pre-premix kufanele ixubeke ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo (!) Ngopuphu noma umugqa. 
Khona-ke ingxube kufanele ifakwe kokuphakelayo ngokuhambisana nezincomo ezingezansi:
- ngokuba onogwaja baneminyaka engu-45-90, umthamo wansuku zonke u-0.8-1.8 g;
- ngokuba onogwaja kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-90 umthamo wansuku zonke wenyuka ube ngu 2.4 g;
- ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-10 zokulahlwa, unogwaja uthola u-3 g;
- kusukela ngosuku lweshumi nane kuya kweleshumi nantathu lwe-lactation, umkhuba u-4 g;
- esigabeni sokugcina se-lactation, isilinganiso senyuke sibe ngu-5 g;
- esikhathini esingezona okungahleliwe, umkhuba onogwaja abadala omdala ungama-1.5-3 g.
Funda ukuthi ungadla kanjani onogwaja obuhle, inyama onogwaja ukuze uthole isisindo.
Kuzokwenzekani uma unganiki amavithamini onogwaja?
Ukungabi namavithamini kuholela emiphumeleni emibi yokwehlukana okukhulu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwevithamini, isikhathi sokuhluleka kwalo ukungena emzimbeni nezinye izici. Amavithamini anamafutha ahlanzekile (A, E, K, D) angakwazi ukubuthelwa emzimbeni, futhi amanzi azinamanzi (PP, C neqembu B) kufanele ahlale ehlinzeka ukudla, ngoba ukungabi khona kwabo ekudleni kuholela ekuswelekeni futhi kubonakale. 
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuntuleka kwevithamini izinto:
- ukuwohloka kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, izifo ezivame ukuhlala, izifo zezinsini namazinyo kubonisa ukungabi khona kwe-ascorbic acid (C);
- ukulahlekelwa kanye nokuwohloka kohlobo lwezinwele, ukuwohloka kwe-epithelium nokugqwala amehlo kubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-ascorbic acid (C), tocopherol (E) ne-retinol (A);
- Umsebenzi wokuzala wokukhubazeka unokwenzeka ngokuntuleka kwamavithamini A, B9 no-E;
- Ukusebenza okungalungile kwesimiso sokugaya kwenzeka uma kuntuleka kwamavithamini amaqembu B no-A;
- amathambo angenalutho, ama-apparatus angasebenzi kahle - ukungabi namavithamini D no-A.
Thola ukuthi onogwaja anganikezwa i-beet, iklabishi, amagilebhisi, amapheya, i-artichokes yaseJerusalema, utamatisi, i-sorrel, ama-apula, irayisi, ubisi oluyimpuphu, u-squash, ithanga, i-peas, ummbila, i-dill, ama-cherry, ama-fish, i-burdocks, i-tarragon, i-nettle, i-bran , okusanhlamvu, isinkwa.
Ngakho-ke, ukudla okunogwaja ofuywayo kufanele kugcwaliswe zonke izinto zevithamini nezamaminerali ekukhuleni okujwayelekile, ukuthuthukiswa nokukhiqiza. Kuphela uma zonke izinto ezidingekayo zitholwa kuyokwazi ukuthola ukubuyiselwa kwezilwane ngesimo sezingubo eziphezulu kanye nenani elikhulu lokudla, inyama enempilo.
Ividiyo: Amavithamini kuya onogwaja
Ukubuyekeza
