Kungani izinkukhu zinamehlo okuvuvukala

Inkukhu ephuphuthekile iyinkulumo ehlelekile esetshenziselwa umuntu ongaboni kahle, okwakubangelwa ukuthi kusihlwa, ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni, lezi zinkukhu cishe zilahlekelwa ukuma kwayo emkhathini, ngakho-ke izitho zalo zombono zihlelwe. Kodwa uma lokho okubizwa okuthiwa yizinkukhu eziphethwe yizinkukhu kuvamile ukuthi lezi zinyoni zezinyoni, bese zivuvukala, zivuvukala, zibomvu noma ziyamehlo ezinyoni ziwuphawu olucacile lwesifo, okungathi uma kungenjalo kuthathwe izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, ngezinye izikhathi kungabhubhisa umhlambi wonke. Kunezifo okungenani eziyishumi ezihlukene ezithinta izitho zezinkukhu, futhi umlimi wezinkukhu kudingeka akwazi ukuhlukanisa okungenani okuyisisekelo sabo ukuze asabele enkingeni ngesikhathi futhi ngokufanele.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izifo ezingenzeka
• Conjunctivitis
• I-Xerophthalmia
• I-Ornithosis
• Isinusitis (umkhuhlane)
• I-Trichomoniasis
• I-Haemophilosis
• Isifo se-Newcastle
• I-Mycoplasmosis (isifo se-Gamboro)
• Laryngotracheitis
• Salmonellosis
• Isifo sikaMarek
• I-Cystosis
• I-Keratoconjunctivitis
• Pasteurellosis
• I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo
• Ukuvimbela
• Ividiyo: okufanele ukwenze uma inkukhu inesilwane esikhukhumezayo

Izimpawu

Izinkinga zamehlo ezinkukhu zingenzeka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Ukulimala - ukulimala komshini emehlweni noma ingress yothuli, izinambuzane nezinye izinto ezincane. Naphezu kokuthi izinkinga ezinjalo zingabangela ukukhathazeka nokuhlupheka okunengi kuleyo nyoni, ngoba umlimi ababi kakhulu, ngoba abasongeli abanye abakhileyo endlini futhi abadingi ukwelashwa okubizayo.
2. Izifo zamehlo, okungenasifo. Lesi sigaba, isibonelo, sihlanganisa izicubu ezihlukahlukene ezithinta amehlo enyoni. Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezinjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngezinye izikhathi inkinga ayikwazi ukuxazululwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kokuhlinzeka, kodwa, njengokwokuqala, yonke imfuyo yezinyoni iphephile.
3. Izifo ezithathelwanayo okudinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokushesha kwezinyoni ezigulayo nokutholwa kwezinyathelo zokuzivikela eziphuthumayo kuzo zonke ezinye izinyoni, ezixhumana nazo.

Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuqaphela izinkinga ngamehlo enkukhu, ukucacisa ukuthi kukhona ezinye izimpawu ezihambisanayo ezingasiza ukukhombisa ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezifanele.

Izifo zamehlo ziyinto evamile phakathi kwezinkukhu. Cabangela ngokuningiliziwe izimbangela, izimpawu nokuphathwa kwezifo zamehlo ezinkukhu

Ngamanye amazwi, izimpawu zalesi sifo zendawo futhi zijwayelekile. Izindawo zendawo zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokulimala kweso:

• ukubhukuda, ukuvuvukala (iso lokuqala, enye enye);
• ukubambelela ndawonye (amehlo amabili noma amabili awavuli);
• ukubomvu;
• ukuhluma;
• ukudubula;
• ukutholakala kwezicubu (ngokuvamile ejwayele ijwabu leso);
• ubumpumputhe (kokubili noma kokubili amehlo).

Ukuthola noma iyiphi yalezi zibonakaliso, kumele ubeke eceleni noma uqinisekise ukuthi kukhona amamaki alandelayo alandelayo (izimpawu ezivamile):

• impumu egijima (ukuphuma komzimba);
• ukungabi nokuphefumula komzimba;
• ukukhwehlela, ukukhipha;
• sisuka emaphashini;
• kanzima, ukungalingani, ukuphefumula;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• ukoma okwengeziwe;
• ukuxhuma;
• shintsha isitoreji (droppings liquid, ukushintsha umbala wayo, iphunga);
• umkhuhlane;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo;
• ukuphazamiseka kokulahlekelwa kokuhamba, ukukhubazeka;
• ukutholakala kwe-mucus emlonyeni.

Izifo ezingenzeka

Manje ake sicabangele izifo eziyinhloko zezinkukhu, zihambisane nezinkinga ezitholakala ezithombeni, bheka ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa yilowo nalowo, futhi unikeze izincomo ezithile kumlimi, oye wabhekana nesifo emawadi akhe amaphepho.

Conjunctivitis

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-conjunctivitis, ngemuva kwakho konke, ngamunye wethu uhlangabezane "ne-charm" yokuvuvukala kwebhubhiso elimangcwabeni elingaphakathi kwendawo yejwabu leso okungenani kanye ngesikhathi sokuphila. Kuzinkukhu, njengabantu, lesi sifo ngokuvamile siwumphumela wokulimala ezithombeni zombono, ukuxhumana kwamehlo nezinto zangaphandle, uthuli, igesi noma ubisi, kanye nokungabi namavithamini athile (ngokuyinhloko i-vitamin A).

Kubalulekile! I-Conjunctivitis ingaba yinkinga ezimele, kodwa ingaba uphawu lokugula okwejwayelekile okufana nesifo sengculazi.

Isici sesici se-conjunctivitis yiqiniso lokuthi, ngaphezu kokuvuvukala, ukubhubhisa, ukubhukuda, nokuzibheka kweso, okuvela kulo mlando, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo kanye nokulahleka kwesifiso sokudla kanye nobuthakathaka obukhulu, akukho nezinye izimpawu ezivame ukubonwa. Amehlo agxekayo anikezela inkukhu enkulu ukukhathazeka okukhulu, njalo uzama ukukhanda amehlo akhe ngesikhumba sakhe, okwenza inkinga ibe yimbi nakakhulu. Uma i-conjunctivitis itholakele ngesikhathi, ukuphatha inyoni akuyona inkinga ethile. Okokuqala, iso eligulayo kufanele lihlanzwe futhi lihlanjululwe, kuqinisekiswe kusengaphambili ukuthi akukho izinto zangaphandle kulo, futhi uma lezo zinto zitholakala, kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela ngokuzikhandla. Kule njongo, kufanelekile:

• umuthi we-medomile decoction;
• isisombululo se-boric acid;
• i-furatsilin;
• i-zinc sulfate 0.5%.

Kunconywa ukuphinda le nqubo izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kuze kufike ukuvuvukala. Kuyasiza futhi ukugcoba amehlo ngama-vitamin eye amaconsi, angathengwa ekhemisi ejwayelekile. Yonke le mithi iqukethe i-vitamin A yayo, eyinomphumela omuhle ezingxenyeni zombono futhi isiza umzimba ukuba ubhekane nokuhlangana kwe-conjunctivitis.

Phakathi kokunye ukungenelela kokwelashwa, okulandelayo kunganconywa:

• ukuphatha iso elithintekile nge-tetracycline amafutha;
• ukuvuza "Levomitsetin" (inkambo yamasonto onke idonsa eyodwa kabili ngosuku);
• Yethula izithako ezengeziwe zamavithamini ekudleni: zemvelo (izaqathe ezivuthiweyo, isaladi eluhlaza) noma zokwenziwa (ngokwesibonelo, engeza iGamavit, izidakamizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi yezidakamizwa zezilwane, kumuntu ophuzayo);
• engeza isulfure nesifuba ekudleni.

I-Xerophthalmia

Enye inkinga yamehlo engavamile kubantu nasezinkukhu i-xerophthalmia, okuhunyushwa ngokuqondile "kwamehlo omile" (kusukela e-Greek ξερός yasendulo - "eyomile" ne-ὀφθαλμός - "iso"). Lezi zifo ezihlobene nokukhubazeka zihlotshaniswa nokukhubazeka komgogodla we-lacrimal, kodwa ngokungafani ne-conjunctivitis, ayibonakali ngendlela yokuzikhukhumeza noma ngendlela yokubola, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuthola inkinga.

Kubalulekile! I-Xerophthalmia ayingozi kakhulu ngokwayo, kodwa ngenxa yengozi yokulimala kweso ngamabhaktheriya, amagciwane noma isikhunta se-pathogenic, ezivikelwe ngokusebenza kahle kwezinsizi zezinyembezi.

Izimpawu ze-xerophthalmia yilezi:

• ukukhuphuka okwandisiwe kanye nokutholakala kwezibungu zamangcwaba emaceleni kwamehlo - esigabeni sokuqala;
• Amehlo abomile kakhulu ngemithambo yegazi evuthayo nokuvuvukala ukukhanya ezigabeni ezilandelayo;
• ukusabela okubuhlungu ekukhanyeni okukhulu;
• ukuzithemba, ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
• ukukhiqizwa okunciphise.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngezokwelapha, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-xerophthalmia ingabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi:

• ukulimala kweso;
• shiya izitho zangasese (isibonelo, ngenxa yamakhemikhali anamandla asetshenziselwa ukungcola kwenkukhu yenkukhu);
• umoya omile kakhulu endlini ye hen;
• ukungabi namavithamini emzimbeni wenyoni;
• izinqubo zokuguga zemvelo.

Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kungaba kanje:

• ekuhlanjeni nasekuhlanjululeni amehlo (njengokwesimo se-conjunctivitis);
• ekushintsheni izimo zokugcina izinkukhu (ukwanda komswakama womoya);
• ekulungiseni ukudla (ukwengeza u-vitamin A).

Engeza u-vitamin A ekudleni kwezinkukhu

I-Ornithosis

Lesi yisifo esithathelwanayo sesistimu esithinta, ngaphezu kwamehlo, izitsha ze-lymphatic, izinzwa zezinzwa nezomzimba, kanye nezitho zangaphakathi zomuntu noma isilwane, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-chlamydia.

Isifo esifanayo ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi i-neoriketsiosis, i-psittacosis noma i-parrot fever (ama-parrots asekhaya kanye namajuba aphethwe i-chlamydia kaningi kunamakhukhu, kodwa amajuba nezinye izinyoni zasendle, kanye namagundane njengabantu abangakwazi ukutheleleka ngokutheleleka, bangabangela isifo sangempela epulazini lezinyoni).

Uyazi? Amajuba cishe ayingozi enkulu ezinkukhu. Inani labantu abathintekayo yi-chlamydia ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene lihluka kusuka ku-22% kunalokho okuthakazelisayo kuya ku-85% ebucayi.

I-agent causative ye-ornithosis yi-bacterium coccoid i-Chlamydiae psittaci, okuyinto epasellular parasite. Ama-bacteria e-cocoa I-chlamydiae psittacі Ukubunzima kokuxilongwa kwamanga ngokuyinhloko ukuthi iningi lezimpawu ezihambisana ne-ornithosis nazo ziyizinye zezifo ezithathelwanayo. Isizathu sesibili ukuthi kuzinkukhu, ngokungafani namadada kanye nama-turkeys, ukuthi lesi sifo sinzima isikhathi eside.

Ngakho-ke, i-ornithosis ingahambisana ne:

• iso lokuvuvukala;
• ukuphuma kwamanzi emakhaleni;
• ukukhwehlela;
• sneeze;
• ukuphefumula;
• isitoreji samanzi (ilitha iba luhlaza);
• i-yellowness;
• ubuthakathaka jikelele;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• ukulahlekelwa isisindo.

Izigqoko ezilahla njengenye yezimpawu ze-ornithosis

Ukuxilongwa okunokwethenjelwa kungenziwa kuphela ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwamabara.

Ama-antibiotics yiyona ndlela kuphela ephumelelayo yokwelapha i-ornithosis, noma kunjalo, ukuphumelela kwezinyathelo ezinjalo kuphikisana nongcweti abaningi, njengoba izinyoni ezigulayo cishe zihlala zithwala isifo esiyingozi empilweni yayo yonke, ngakho-ke ibeka ingozi yangempela kwamanye amalungu omhlambi.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abathintekayo yi-ornithosis ngisho nokusola ukuthi kukhona khona lesi sifo kufanele babulawe futhi bashiswe. Izinyoni eziphilile zangaphandle kuphela ezazixhumana nama congeners abagulayo zivezwe ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic okuvimbela.

Izinketho zokwelashwa ezingenzeka:

Ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi kuyindlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokugwema i-ornithosis. Isibonelo, umgomo wokuzimela nge-autoimmune "u-Olivac" uvikela izinkukhu ezifweni eziningi eziyingozi, kuhlanganise i-ornithosis ne-salmonellosis. Umuthi ufanelekile kokubili izinkukhu ezindala nezinkukhu kusukela ezinsukwini ezintathu.

Kubalulekile! Izifo zengculazi aziphathwe ngama-antibiotic. Ubungqayizivele nengozi yegciwane ukuthi akungenazi-mshini esitokisini, njengamabhaktheriya amaningi, kodwa kuhlanganiswa kwisakhiwo saso futhi kwenza ukuthi usebenze ngokwawo. Ukubulala igciwane ngaphandle kokubulala iseli akunakwenzeka.

Isinusitis (umkhuhlane)

Izifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula ezinkukhu, kuhlanganise ne-influenza, ziyizici eziningi. Ngokuthinta izitho zangasese zephefumula eliphezulu, igciwane lidala izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukuphuma kwamanzi emakhaleni;
• ukukhwehlela;
• sneezing;
• ukuphefumula;
• ukwesaba emqaleni;
• i-conjunctivitis;
• i-keratitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea);
• ukudubula;
• ukunciphisa ngobukhulu be-eyeball, ehambisana nokuncipha okubukhali embonweni;
• unamathela emakhanda;
• i-head twitching;
• ubuthakathaka;
• ukukhathala;
• Ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga ezengeziwe ezifana nezihlalo ezivulekile, ukuxubana, nokungasebenzi kwamalungu angaphakathi zengezwa ohlwini olungenhla.

Ubuthakathaka bezinkukhu njengobonakaliso be-sinusitis Ngisho nokutheleleka ngokweqile kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, umzimba wezinkukhu (njengabantu) ungakwazi ukubhekana nakho uma uzinika isikhathi futhi usize kancane. Izinyoni ezigulayo kufanele zihlukaniswe nazo zonke ezinye izilwane, ziphuze kakhulu futhi zigxile kuma-vitamin supplement in feed. Ngomphumela omuhle, ukutakula ngokugcwele kufanele kwenzeke phakathi nesonto, ngaphandle kwalokho izinyathelo ezithathwe zizosiza okungenani ukulondoloza ezinye izakhamuzi zendlu.

I-Trichomoniasis

I-Trichomoniasis yisifo esithathelwanayo esithathelwanayo ezinkukhu. Ngokungafani ne-sinusitis ebangelwa igciwane, lesi sifo siyibhaktheriya emvelweni. I-agent yayo ye-causative yi-parisite yama-unicellular anaerobic (Trichomonas gallinae (Trichomonas). Ikakhulukazi ithinta isigxobo somlomo, i-goiter, isisu nesisu, kanye nezinye izitho zangaphakathi zenyoni.

Lesi sifo sibhekene nezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuvukala kwekhanda elimangele lamehlo;
• ukukhishwa kwamanzi aphuzi emlonyeni;
• ukutholakala kwendwangu yamangqamuzana emlonyeni we-plaque esiphundu, ngokususwa kwelokho okuhlala isilonda esijulile;
• ukwenqaba kokudla (okubangelwa ukuzwa okubuhlungu uma kugwinya);
• ukuxhuma;
• izimpukane ezinamafutha;
• amaphiko aphansi;
• ukuphefumula;
• ukungabi nokuhlangana kokuhamba;
• isifo sohudo (ilitha eliphuzi elinomuncu kanye nephunga);
• ukudubula, ukuxubana.

Kudingeka izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane ukuze ukwelashwa. I-Metronidazole (igama lezohwebo elidume kakhulu yi-Trihopol), kanye ne-Nitazol, i-Furazolidone ne-Ronidazole, ibonisa ukusebenza okukhulu kakhulu.

Kubalulekile! I-Trichomoniasis yizibonakaliso zangaphandle akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngamagciwane (isibonelo, i-candidiasis ne-chickenpox), kanye ne-avitaminosis evamile. Isithombe esinokwethenjelwa singatholakala ngesisekelo sokuhlaziywa kwe-smear ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezigulayo.

Inkambo yokwelashwa "I-Metronidazole" ihlala izinsuku ezingu-7-8 nge-dose kabili yansuku zonke yesidakamizwa ngo-10 mg ngesisindo somzimba we-kilogram (isilinganiso sempilo - 20 mg). Ngaphandle kokwelapha izidakamizwa, kuyadingeka ukususa i-plaque ehlaziwayo evela emphinjeni wezinyoni ezigulayo, hlambulula (ukuhlanza) isikhumba somlomo, futhi uqhube umuthi wokugaya umzimba ukuze unciphise isimo senkukhu futhi uvimbele ukukhathala.

I-Haemophilosis

I-Hemophilosis ezinkukhu kulula kakhulu ukudideka nge-sinusitis. Kodwa naphezu kokuthi lezi zifo zinezibonakaliso ezifanayo, isimo sabo sihluke ngokuphelele. I-Hemophilosis yi-infection yebhaktheriya, hhayi ukutheleleka ngegciwane. I-pathogen yayo i-bacillus bacmichilus gallinarum ene-gram-negative.

Uyazi? Inyama ethinteka yizinkukhu zezinkukhu zezilwane, ngokuphambene nokukhathazeka okukhona, zingadliwa. Kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukwelashwa okushisayo ngokuphelele. I-Influenza virus ifa emazingeni okushisa ngaphezu kuka -70 ° C.

I-Hemophilosis ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-rhinitis esithathelwanayo. Uphawu lwayo oluyinhloko alupheli emasontweni amaningi okukhishwa emakhaleni ezinyoni ze-mucus ebonakalayo, okokuqala uketshezi, khona-ke ukuqina kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singase sihambisane nalokhu:

• i-conjunctivitis;
• ukuvimbela ukuphefumula komzimba;
• i-yellowness;
• ukwehla nokulahleka kokukhanya kwamacici namagquma (okubangelwa ukunqotshwa kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwekhanda);
• ukuphoqa;
• ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasemalungeni;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• i-anemia.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hemophillosis kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisebenza nge-pathogen. Isibonelo, izinketho zokwelapha ezilandelayo zingenzeka:

Ngokufanayo, njengokwesimo se-trichomoniasis, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zesimiso, ikakhulukazi, ukususa isikhafu esomile esivela emagcekeni omzimba bese uwageza ngesisombululo se-streptomycin, u-furatsilina noma itiye elijwayelekile elimnyama elibiziwe (i-tablespoons 2-3 ngeglasi yamanzi).

Uyazi? Igciwane lesifo se-Asia lingasakazeka emoyeni, kuyilapho lihlala lihlala isikhathi eside: kuye kwaba khona amacala lapho ukutheleleka kwadluliselwa ngomoya kude 10 km!

Isifo se-Newcastle

Lesi sifo sibhekwa nangokuthi yi-pseudo-isifo, isifo se-Asia noma se-atypical, kanye ne-pneumoencephalitis. Ngenye yezifo eziyingozi kakhulu ezingakwazi ukushaya izinkukhu. Isifo se-Newcastle sinokwemvelo, futhi kukhona inqwaba yezinhlobo ezahlukene zegciwane: kusukela cishe engenacala ukudala amaphesenti aphezulu okufa. Isifo se-Newcastle ezinkukhu singavela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngasinye esinesithombe sayo somtholampilo (izimpawu zesici):

Amapilisi avulekile angenye yezimpawu zendlela yokuphefumula yezinhlupho zase-Asia

Ngakho-ke, inkinga yase-Asia ingase ihambisane nokulimala ezitho zombono noma kungahambisani nayo.

Indlela kuphela ethembekile yokuvikela isifo sikaNewcastle ukugonywa, futhi namuhla imishanguzo enjalo iyadingeka emazweni amaningi athuthukile.

I-Mycoplasmosis (isifo se-Gamboro)

Esinye isifo esiyingozi esithathelwanayo sezinkukhu i-mycoplasmosis. I-pathogen yayo yi-Gram-negative bacterium Mycoplasma gallisepticum.

Iningi lezinkukhu zokuphefumula ziphethwe yi-mycoplasmosis. Zijwayele ngokuxilongwa, izindlela zokwelashwa nokuvimbela i-mycoplasmosis ezinkukhu.

Ngeshwa, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-mycoplasmosis kwezinye izifo zokuphefumula, kuhlanganise nokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sibonakala yizimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukubomvu kweso;
• i-conjunctivitis;
• amehlo avuvukile;
• ukukhishwa kwamanzi;
• ukukhwehlela;
• umoya wokuphefumula;
• sneezing;
• isifo sohudo sombala ophuzi noma obomvu;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• ukwehlisa, ukukhathala.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe bese uthola ukuhlonza okunembile (yi-laboratory), okuzosiza ukuhlinzeka ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ne-antibiotic encane. Uma kungabikho ukuxilongwa, kusetshenziselwa izidakamizwa ezibanzi zokulwa namagciwane, okungagcini nje ekunciphiseni ukuphumelela kokwelapha, kodwa futhi kwandisa amathuba okubunjwa kwamagciwane e-antibiotic-resistant bacterial. Lezi zidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi, zifaka:

• "Macrodox 200";
• "Tilodox";
• "Gidrotrim";
• "Eliprim".

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-mycoplasmosis, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa:

Uma lesi sifo sidlula ngesimo esibi, abantu abagulayo bayedwa bese bebulawa, futhi izidumbu ziyashiswa.

Laryngotracheitis

I-Laryngotracheitis yisifo esivame ukujwayela izinkukhu, ngokuvamile esiyingozi emvelweni (okuvame ukubangelwa yi-Herpesviridae, okungukuthi, i-herpes virus).

Uyazi? Cishe wonke umuntu eplanethi uyithwala we-herpes. Uhlobo lokuqala lolo gciwane lukhona kubantu abangu-95%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iningi lethu lesi sibhedlela asibangeli umonakalo, sibe uhlobo lokulala futhi silinde isikhathi esifanele. Kodwa uma amasosha omzimba ehluleka noma ephazanyiswa yisifo esiyingozi, i-herpes ivuliwe. I-herpes ye-ophthalmic (ukulimala kweso le-eyeball) ibhekwa njengenye yezinkomba eziyingozi kakhulu ze-herpes hlobo I no-II.

Njengomkhuhlane, i-laryngotracheitis inenkathi ecacile kakhulu. Ngomswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphansi, igciwane lizwa kangcono kakhulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela liphindaphinda kakhulu ngokuzikhandla. Izimpawu zesifo zihlukile kancane kwezinye izinhlobo ze-ARVI. Ukuze i-laryngotracheitis, ikakhulukazi, iboniswe yi:

• ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula;
• ukukhishwa kwamanzi amaningi;
• ukukhwehlela, ukwandiswa ngokucindezela i-trachea;
• ukubomvu komphimbo, ukuvuvukala, ukutholakala kwama-hemorrhages ngendlela yama-asterisks;
• i-plaque cheesy emqaleni;
• amehlo enamehlo;
• ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo, ukukhuphuka kwekhulu leminyaka yesithathu ebusweni;
• iso ukuvuvukala, ukukhululwa kwe-foam, i-mucus, ipus;
• amacici e-cyanosis ne-ridge;
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso noma ukunciphisa kakhulu (ukungala ukudla kungabangelwa ubuhlungu uma ugwinya);
• isimo esicindezelekile.

I-Cyanosis yendlebe nekhanda lekati, njengesibonakaliso se-laryngotracheitis

Ifomu le-conjunctival ye-herpes ngezinye izikhathi liholela ezilonda ezinzima ze-cornea yamehlo, okubangelwa ukuthi inkukhu ingaba yimpumputhe ngokuphelele.

Seluleka ukuba ucabange ukuthi ungayibona kanjani ngokuqondile laryngotracheitis ezinkukhu kanye nezindlela zokwelapha.

Njenganoma yisiphi isifo segciwane, i-laryngotracheitis ayiphathwa. Indlela eyinhloko yokubhekana nalesi sifo ukudala izimo ezijwayelekile zokugcina izinkukhu, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqinisa umkhuhlane wabo, kanye nokuthola ngesikhathi nokuhlukanisa abantu abagulayo.

Ngendlela enhle, lesi sifo siphelela ngokululama ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingu-14-18, nakuba emva kwalokho inyoni ingahlala isithwele segciwane, ngakho-ke, ukubulawa kwabantu abathintekayo yi-laryngotracheitis ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa.

Salmonellosis

Lokhu mhlawumbe udume kakhulu kunazo zonke izifo ezingenzeka kuphela ezinkukhu. I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo yi-bacterium ye-Salmonella yohlobo (ezikhathini eziningi yi-Salmonella enteritidis, kaningi kakhulu - i-Salmonella typhimurium ne-Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum).

Uyazi? Ukuhlaziywa okukhethiwe kwezinkukhu zezinkukhu zeRussian Federation, okwenziwe ngo-2014, kwambulwe i-salmonellosis ezingaphezu kwezingu-60% zazo.

Izimpawu ze-salmonellosis yizi:

• ukubomvu kweso;
• ukuvuvukala, ukukhukhumeza kwejwabu leso;
• ukudubula;
• kunzima, ukuphefumula okukhulu;
• ukukhishwa kwamanzi; ubuthakathaka bomzimba;
• isimo sokucindezeleka;
• ukulala;
• ukuthuthukisa ukuzithemba.

Indlela kuphela yokwelapha i-salmonellosis yimithi elwa namagciwane, kodwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwabo okude nokungalawulwa, kuhlanganise nezinhloso zokuvimbela, i-Salmonella isifunde kahle ukuthi ingazivumelanisa kanjani nemithi enjalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokululama ngokuphelele, inkukhu isalokhu ilahlekelwa isisindo futhi iyanciphisa izinga lokukhiqiza amaqanda, ngakho-ke i-salmonellosis ayiphathwa ngendlela yokukhiqiza, iziguli zihlukanisiwe futhi zihlatshiwe. Lezi zinyoni lapho izibonakaliso zesifo azibonanga khona zilawulwa yi-prophylactic antibacterial therapy, ngaleyo ndlela ziqhuba inkinga ngisho nokujula.

Ngeshwa, i-salmonellosis ithinta imfuyo yezinyoni futhi idluliselwa kwezinye izilwane zasepulazini. Funda mayelana nendlela yokuphatha i-salmonellosis ezinkukhu, izimpawu zayo.

Ama-antibiotic alandelayo asetshenziselwa amapulazi ngayinye ekwelapheni i-salmonellosis:

• "Levomitsetin";
• Enrofloxacin;
• "Gentamicin";
• "Tetracycline";
• "Kanamycin";
• I-Oxytetracycline;
• "Chlortetracycline";
• "Monomitsin";
• "Neomycin";
• "Ampicillin".

Izidakamizwa zihlanjululwa ngamanzi futhi inyoni egulayo idakiwe ngesilinganiso se-45-55 mg yesidakamizwa ngo-1 kg wesisindo esibukhoma senyoni endala (kunezinye izilinganiso zentsha, kuye ngokuthi ubudala). Inkambo yokwelashwa yinsuku ezinhlanu.

Isifo sikaMarek

Lesi sifo saziwa nangokuthi ukukhubazeka kwe-avian, neurolimpatomatosis, noma i-enzootic encephalomyelitis. Lesi sifo sinesimo segciwane futhi singabonakala ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko - i-neural (ithinta isimiso sezinzwa), i-ocular (ithinta amehlo) ne-visceral (ibangela izicubu ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi).

Izinkukhu ezikhulayo zikhuthazwa ukuba zifunde izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikaMarek ezinkukhu.

Izimpawu zesifo se-neurolymphomatosis ziyi:

• ukunqunywa komfundi;
• ukulahlekelwa okuphawulekayo kwombono, kuze kugcwaliswe ukuphoyisa.

Ukwelashwa okuwukuphela kokugoma.

I-Cystosis

I-Cystosis noma i-dropsy yi-pathology engaqondakali kahle, ngezinye izikhathi ithinta izitho zombono wezinyoni.

Izimpawu zalo ziyi:

• ukubomvu kwekhanda elimangele leso;
• ukuphuma kwamanzi okuphuma kuwo;
• ukubukeka kwe-neoplasm engxenyeni engezansi kwekhulu, okugcwele okuqukethwe okungenakubala, okungenambala, okuyi-serous;
• isikhumba phezu kwehla siyancipha, i-tumor ingenakwenzeka.

Ukwelashwa - inkambo yokuhlinza, yokuvuselela ihlala izinsuku ezingu-5, ihambisane nokugcoba amehlo nge-boric acid.

I-Keratoconjunctivitis

I-Keratoconjunctivitis, ngokungafani nezifo eziningi ezichazwe ngenhla, ayifuni. Isizathu salo esiyinhloko siyingozi (njengomthetho, amagesi anobuthi lapho inyoni ibamba, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokungafaki ukukhunjulwa kwenkukhu yenkukhu eyenziwe ngokuphula imithetho ye-sanitary).

Izimpawu ze-keratoconjunctivitis zihlanganisa:

• i-clouding yama-corneal;
• ukuvuvukala kwekhanda elimangele lamehlo;
• ukukhishwa kwe-purulent emehlweni;
• izinkophelo ezivulekile;
• izibonakaliso ezivame uketshezi lwamakhemikhali - ukucindezeleka, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukulahlekelwa ukudla.

Kubalulekile! Into esemqoka ekwelapheni kwe-keratoconjunctivitis yilapho kuqedwa imbangela yayo (ukuhlukaniswa kwezinyoni ezivela emthonjeni we-toxin), ngaphandle kwalokho amehlo abeka ameva emehlweni ezinyoni futhi ngesikhathi sokuphuphuthekisa okuphelele kungenzeka.

Izinyathelo eziqhubekayo ziyingozi: Amehlo athintekile kufanele ahlanjululwe ngama-antiseptics (i-decoction evamile ye-decomction ye-chamomile ifanelekile) futhi igcobe ngamafutha e-corticosteroid.

Pasteurellosis

I-Pasteurelosis noma i-cholera ye-avian yisifo se-bacteria, ikakhulukazi eyingozi ezinkukhu eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili no-4 ubudala. I-pathogen yayo yi-Gram-hasi fixed stick Indlebe yama-multocida.

Izimpawu, ngeshwa, zifana kakhulu nezinye izifo ezithathelwana nge-bacterial and viral. Ngokuyinhloko, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo zibhekwa ezinkukhu ezine-pasteurellosis:

• iningi lomkhuhlane ovela ekhaleni, ngezinye izikhathi nge-foam;
• Ukuphefumula kunzima, kunezintambo;
• ukuphefumula kufakwe;
• ukuvuvukala kwamalungu, i-comb, amacici, izinyawo ezinyaweni, izinhlanzi;
• amalunga aphethwe ngamaphiko;
• i-limp ebonakalayo;
• intamo egobile;
• amehlo agubha;
• umbhede ompunga onama-blocks;
• isimo jikelele sicindezelekile;
• akukho nesidlo.

I-antibacterial therapy isetshenziselwa kuphela izinhloso ze-prophylactic (kubantu abaye baxhumana neziguli, kodwa abangenayo izibonakaliso zesifo), ngezinye izikhathi zisetshenziselwa ngezigaba zakuqala zesifo.

Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu ezinezimpawu ze-pasteurellosis azikwazi ukuphathwa. Ngokushesha zihlukaniswe futhi zihlatshwe, futhi isidumbu sitholakale.

Izinqubo zokwelapha ezingenzeka:

I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo

Olunye uhlobo lokutheleleka kokuphefumula okungathinta amehlo futhi ngobuningi bamacala obubangelwa igciwane (i-myxovirus group) liwu-bronchitis osulelekile.

Izimpawu zifana kakhulu nanoma yiliphi i-ARVI:

• ukukhishwa kwamanzi;
• ukukhwehlela;
• ubunzima besondo;
• i-conjunctivitis ye-purulent;
• ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
• isimo sokucindezeleka;
• ukwehla komkhiqizo, ukulahlekelwa isisindo.

Ukuphefumula okunzima kuyisibonakaliso se-bronchitis esithathelwanayo. I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo ayikwazi ukuphulukiswa ngokusebenzisa indlela yezidakamizwa, kodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-18-20 izinyoni ezine-immunity ezinhle zilulame ngokwazo.

Kubalulekile! Ama-antibodies ku-agent causative ye-bronchitis esithathelwanayo emzimbeni wenkukhu uqhubeka unyaka wonke, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkukhu ezitholakala kulezi zigaba phakathi kwamasonto amabili okuqala okuphila zivikelekile kwisifo esidluliselwe kubo ngunina.

Uma kutholakala isifo, abantu abanezibonakaliso zabo bangabodwa, futhi izinkukhu zenzelwe ukuvimbela izinambuzane (ngale njongo ungasebenzisa i-aluminium iodide, i-chlorine cypidar, i-Glutex, i-Virkon S, namanye amalungiselelo afanayo).

Ukuvimbela

Noma yiziphi izifo zezinkomo eziminyene, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemigomo yokuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka ngesikhathi kugcinwa inyoni, kanye nokudla okungalungile. Ukuze kungabikho izinkinga ngezinhlobonhlobo, noma ngezinye izidumbu zezinkukhu, kubalulekile ukugcina lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zokuvimbela:

• unikeze umoya omuhle (umoya wokuphumula) endlini;
• ukuvimbela ukutholakala kwezinkukhu ezinkukhu;
• sebenzisa udoti olungalungile olungavumeli ukulimala ezithombeni zombono wezinkukhu, nokususa ekamelweni noma yiziphi izinto ezibukhali izinyoni ezingase zilimale;
• ukuhlanza njalo ikolishi, ukukhipha udoti obunamanzi, izinsalela zokudla okungalahlekile nokuguqula amanzi ekuphuzeni izitsha;
• okungenani kanye ngonyaka (futhi mhlawumbe ngekota) ukuphefumula ngokuphelele igumbi lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona, ngokususwa komthetho wamadlelo ezinsizi ezivela endlini ngesikhathi senqubo;
• gcina izimo zokushisa ezifanele endlini ye hen, ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana ngokweqile, ukushisa nokushisa okungazelelwe emakhazeni nasebusweni;
• Umswakama okwanele ubalulekile futhi empilweni yezinkukhu: umoya omile kakhulu uvame ukubangela izinkinga zamehlo;
• unake ukudla okulinganiselayo kwezinkukhu, ikakhulukazi amavithamini namaminerali;
• ngokushesha ukuhlukanisa izinyoni ezigulayo, nokuhlukanisa abantu abasanda kuthola okungenani ngesonto ngaphambi kokuba bavumele ukuba bahlangane "nabadala";
• lapho echaza izibonakaliso zokuqala zezinkinga ngezingxenye zombono enkukhu, ikakhulukazi, lapho belimala, zigeza kahle amehlo alo nyoni nge-chamomile decoction noma esinye isisombululo se-disinfectant;
• ukugoma imfuyo ezikhungweni eziyingozi kakhulu zezinhlobo ze-bacterial and viral.

I-ventilation enkhukhu yezinkukhu ingenye yezindlela zokuvimbela izifo zezinkukhu. Ukubuthana, singasho ukuthi amehlo enkukhu ayenendlela eziningi esibukweni sempilo yakhe. Ukulimala ezingxenyeni zombono kungabangelwa izizathu eziningi ezihlukene, futhi eziningi zazo ziyisifo sesifo esithathelwanayo, ama-bacterium noma amagciwane.

Izifo ze-ophthalmic ziphathwa ngokuhlanza nokuhlanza igciwane, izifo zebhaktheriya zidinga ukusebenzisa imithi elwa namagciwane, futhi mayelana namagciwane, angabhekwa ngokugoma noma, uma umuthi wokugoma ungakaqalwa, ngokudala izimo endlini uzozivumela ukuba ubhekane nezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Ividiyo: okufanele ukwenze uma inkukhu inesilwane esikhukhumezayo