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Uhlobo lwezinkomo zeziLimin: izici zokugcina ekhaya

Abathengi beqiniso bezinkomo behluleka ukusiza kodwa banake izilwane ezinjengezilwane ezinjengeLimousin. Emapulazini ase-privatesteads azimele ahlangane, kodwa ezimweni zamafama amakhulu ziba zithandwa kakhulu.

Yiziphi izilwane ezinjalo eziphawulekayo nokuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nezici zokunakekelwa kwazo - funda phambili.

Umlando wokubeletha nencazelo

I-Limousin yayigcwele izikhukhula endaweni yaseSoviet Socialist Republic kuphela eminyakeni engama-60 ekhulwini elidlule, lapho elinye lamapulazi azalisayo esifundeni saseBrest laqala ukuzalisa lezi zinkomo. Noma kunjalo, ngaphambi kwalokhu, lezi zilwane zase ziyaziwa kakade kude: eMelika, e-Australia, emazweni athile aseYurophu.

Umsuka

Izinkomo ze-limousine zibizwa ngegama lazo kwezinye izifunda zaseFrance (iLimousin), lapho zakhiwa khona abalimi bendawo phakathi nekhulu le-18. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kuphela kokuthola izinkomo, okuye kwanda ukukhuthazela kanye nokuthola isisindo esihle ngokudla okuncane kakhulu. Phakathi kookhokho bamanje "limousine" kufanele banake izinkomo ze-Aquitaine, ezazihlale ziphuma ngamandla kanye nokukhuthazela.

Uyazi? Ngo-1856, izinkomo ze-limousine zathola incwadi yazo yokuzalanisa, futhi abameli abakhulu baqala ukuhlanganyela emibonisweni ehlukahlukene.
Emakhulu eminyaka umsebenzi wokukhetha oqhubekayo wawungelona ize, futhi namuhla izilwane ezichazwe zihlukaniswa nokukhiqizwa okuphezulu kakhulu nokuncintisana kakhulu kwenyama engakwazi ukuncintisana nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlanga eziphakeme.

Izimpawu zangaphandle

Akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa i-limousine ne-freenka ejwayelekile yasekhaya, ngoba ukubukeka okubukeka kulezi zilwane kukhuluma ngomlando wabo omude. Umbala wabameleli bohlobo uhambisa yonke iphalethi ye-shades e-golden-brown, futhi umzimba wakhe ukondelana kakhulu nabamele abathintekayo. Ukukhiqiza kwe-Bull Limousine Ngokuvamile, izinkomo ezizaliswa ngamabhantshi zingabonakala ngokusebenzisa izici ezilandelayo:

  • umzimba ukhulu kakhulu futhi unamandla;
  • umzimba - wanconywa ngaphambili;
  • imilenze inamandla, yobude obude;
  • ikhanda lifushane, liyingxenye enkulu yangaphambili;
  • izimpondo - ukukhanya, okufushane, kukhula esiqondisweni esiphansi;
  • udder - engakhiwe;
  • amafutha angaphansi kwamancane - ngobuncane.
Lapho umuntu esekhulile, izinkunzi zifinyelela ku-140 cm lapho ziba khona (ezilinganiselwa ku-1 200 kg), futhi izinkomo zifika ku-130 cm lapho zimila futhi zilinganiselwa ku-700 kg. I-girth yesifuba yamadoda ingama-240 cm, futhi izinkomo ziyi-200 cm.

Kubalulekile! I-pigmentation namabala amnyama, nokho, njengezindawo ezimhlophe ebusweni besilwane kubhekwa njengokukhubazeka kohlobo.

Izinkomba Zokudla Nezilwane

Izinkomo eziningi kakhulu zine-limousine zakhiwe ukuze zikhiqize inyama enomsoco, kodwa ukukhiqizwa ubisi lwezilwane akukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-low. Idatha elandelayo mayelana nezinkomba zenyama nezinkomba zohlobo oluchazwe kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa lokhu:

  • ubisi ukukhiqiza ngonyaka - angaphezu kuka-1700 l, enomthelela wamafutha we-4.8-5%;
  • inzuzo yesisindo - amathole nsuku zonke athola ama-1300 g, kodwa lapho ezalwa isisindo sincane futhi singama-30-40 kg kuphela;
  • ukuhlatshwa inyama - kuze kufike ku-70% ezinkomeni ezindala (ezineminyaka engu-12-14, izinsizwa zilinganiselwa ku-500 kg);
  • ikhwalithi yenyama - phezulu.
Naphezu kokuthi izinkomba ezinikezwayo zobisi ezikhiqizwayo azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ziphakeme, ngoba izinkomo zenyama, zingaphezu kokuthakazelisa, kodwa zibheke ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zizalise izinkomo ze-limousine, kusadingeka ukuthi zithembele ekukhiqizeni inyama.

Funda futhi ngezici zenye imfuyo yenyama: i-Kazakh-white-headed, i-Hereford, i-Kalmyk, i-Highland, i-blue blue.

Amandla nobuthakathaka

Njengoba ufunde ngokucophelela izici zohlobo lwe-Limousine, kulula ukuphawula izinzuzo zokuzalanisa lezi zilwane. Okokuqala bafaka:

  • ukukhula okusheshayo nokuzuza kwesisindo kwamathole;
  • ukuhlatshwa inyama okuhle;
  • ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuzala;
  • ukuzivikela okuthuthukisiwe kahle nokuphikisana kakhulu nezifo ezijwayelekile zezinkomo;
  • izinsikazi zomama ezithuthukile kahle;
  • ukungathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa;
  • amakhono aguquguqukayo aphezulu kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu, ikakhulukazi, ikhono lokubekezelela amaqhwa amade asebusika kahle;
  • ukukhulula kalula

Funda ngezinhlobo ezinhle zezinkomo inyama kanye nobisi.

Ngokuphathelene nokuhluleka kokuzala, esimweni sezinkomo ze-limousine, ziboniswa mhlawumbe ngokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu kwezinkunzi kanye nokuziphatha okufanayo okunomthelela wabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulisa ithole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzingelwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane kuyabonakaliswa ngokweqile futhi kuvame ukudingeka ukuyibiza ngendlela efanele, okuyinto ehlukumeza kakhulu inqubo yokusabalalisa.

Uyazi? Ekhaya, izinkomo ngokuvamile azibeleli ngaphezu kwamathole amabili ngesikhathi, kodwa ngokusho kwedatha yemlando, emuva kuka-1939 inkomo yazala amamitha angu-16, okuyiwona kuphela oye wavuthwa ngokugcwele.

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, phakathi kwezinzuzo zokubeletha izinkomo ezizalisayo, akunakwenzeka ukuba zingabonakali ukuzithoba kwazo ezimweni zokuboshwa. Okuwukuphela kwakho okumele uqaphele nakanjani lapho uhlela inqolobane kuyomile, ukufudumala nokuhlanzeka, ngenani elanele labaphuza kanye nabahlinzeki.

Indawo yokudlala yasehlobo

Izizathu zasehlobo zezinkomo ngokuvamile zihlomele ezindaweni zokuhamba ngezinkomo futhi zihlinzekela inhlangano yezinhlamvu ezidingekayo (ngamunye ngamunye emhlambini). Lolu khetho lufanelekile uma kuqhathaniswa nokuzalana kwezilwane noma lapho ipulazi likude namadlelo amahle. Ukuhlala emoyeni omusha usuku lonke, izinkomo zinikeza ubisi obengeziwe, futhi indawo yokukhosela kanye nocingo oluvela ezinhlangothini eziningana kuzosiza ukuvikela imvula noma ezinye izimo zezulu ezingathandeki. Abalimi be-Herd Le ndlela yokuhlala ehlobo ilungele abameli be-Limousine, Into eyinhloko ukuhlinzeka izinkomo ngokufinyelela mahhala emigodini kanye nabahlinzeki.

Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo

Izinkomo zaseLimousin zidinga nje ikamelo elincane, elinamakholi ezinenani elingamamitha ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8. m. kwesilwane esisodwa. Yiqiniso, igumbi lonke kufanele ligcinwe lihlanzekile futhi limile, ngokuphindaphindiwe kokulala. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inqolobane yayiyindlela eya ngqo emadlelo, lapho ehlobo izilwane zizochitha usuku lonke, futhi ebusika zihamba ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuqondene nabaxhasi nabaphuzi abakhiwe emgodini, bangaba nokucushwa okujwayelekile, isibonelo, kuzo zonke izitolo noma ngesimo se-tank esilenga eceleni kwenkomo ngayinye.

Kubalulekile! Abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi izinkomo ze-limousine azikwazi ukugcinwa ezigodini futhi kumele zihambe ngokukhululekile egodini. Kulesi simo, abaphakeli beqembu bahlukaniswe ngamaseli basebenzisa izintambo zensimbi, beshiya isikhala esanele phakathi kwabo ukuze isilwane sinamathele ngokuthula ngotshani noma utshani.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe phansi, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile zibuye zisetshenziswe (utshani noma i-sawdust), ezibekelwe esakhiweni sekhonkrithi ngamasentimitha angu-30 cm. Ubukhulu besiteji esenzelwe inkomo eyodwa

Izimo zokuboshwa

Naphezu kokuthi imilinini iveza imfuyo ibhekwa njengezilwane ezingenakulinganiswa, ebonakala ngamakhono aphezulu okuguquguqulela ezimweni zokuboshwa, kusadingeka ukwazi ngezinye izimo ezibucayi:

  • uma ikholomu ye-thermometer yehla ngezansi zero, sekuyisikhathi sokudlulisela izilwane ekamelweni elifudumele (izinga lokushisa elihle lokugcina izinkomo zohlobo oluchazwe yi-+7 ° C);
  • I-drafts ayamukeleki, ngakho-ke, ukusindisa umhlambi, kuyadingeka ukuvala ngisho nemifantu encane emgodini;
  • izinkomo ezihambayo zingenziwa ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi lokushisa (kufika ku -35 ° C), kodwa ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kulezi zimo kubhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhuhlane;
  • Umswakama emgodini onamaLimousines kufanele kube okungenani ama-50%, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukugeleza okuqhubekayo komoya omusha, okuvame ukuhlanzwa izinhlelo zokuphuza umoya.
Ukushisa kwehlobo emibhalweni yesimo sezulu esivamile seLimousin izinkambu kudlulisela kalula kalula, kodwa uma kungenzeka, kuyadingeka ukwakha indawo nendawo yokukhosela emadlelweni lapho izinkomo zingase zihlale khona ekushiseni kwelanga. Iziphuzo nazo zifakwe ezindaweni ezinjalo, okumele zihlale zigcwele amanzi ahlanzekile.

Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwesitembu kanye nokusungula

Uma izinkabi zichitha isikhathi esiningi emadlelweni, khona-ke imishini yokugada kanye nensizakalo ingahlanzwa kanye ngesonto. Ebusika, ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe kaningi, ngoba ukuqoqwa kwemfucumfucu emgodini akumukeleki. Ngemuva kokuhlanza umquba ungakhohlwa ukunaka udoti, ukondla nokuphuza. Kwezinye izimo, ungqimba lwe-flooring kufanele lushintshwe nsuku zonke noma okungenani kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukususwa kwe-disinfection yabanikazi bokudla okomile kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga, kodwa abaphuza bahlanza kaningi ukuvimbela amanzi ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamagciwane amakhulu.

Funda kabanzi ngezindlela zokugcina izinkomo kanye nezici zokudla emadlelweni.

Ukuqeda ukucwiliswa kwegumbi, ukuphathwa kwezindonga nakho konke okunye okuqhutshwayo kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, ikakhulu uma kuziwa ezindaweni ezinkulu zasemapulazini, ezenzelwe izilwane eziningi.

Yini ongayidla

Azikho izinkabi ezikhethekile zokudla okunomsoco ezingadingeki, futhi zithola isisindo ngokugcwele emathandeni ejwayelekile okudla, utshani nodla. Kodwa-ke, uma ulungiselela ukudla, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela inkathi ukuze unikeze umzimba wesilwane ngenani eliphakeme lemikhiqizo yokulandelela kanye namavithamini.

Ihlobo lihamba edlelweni

Inkomo eyodwa yalolu hlobo ngosuku ilandisa cishe ngo-50-70 kg kokudla, okuchazwa ukuzuza okusheshayo kwesisindo. Ehlobo, isabelo sezingonyama salesi sabelo sihlala ngotshani, okuyinto izilwane ezingafinyelela kalula lapho zidla emadlelweni. Into eyinhloko okufanele uyiqaphele ukungabikho kwezinto zangaphandle endaweni ekhethiwe ngendlela yezikhwama zepulasitiki, iphepha kanye nezinye izinhlayiya ezingagcinwa ohlelweni lokugaya izilwane. Ngaphandle kokutshala okutsha, kuyasiza ukunikeza izinkomo zikaLimousin cishe ngo-3 kg wezinyosi (ngamunye ngabanye ngosuku) kanye no-2 kg wokugxila, ukwengeza ukudla nokudla imifino (kuyasiza kakhulu ukunikeza izaqathe, i-beet, i-artichoke ne-amazambane).

Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokukhipha imifino kufanele ihlanzwe kahle futhi ihlanzwe esikhumbeni, futhi ukuze umzimba ungasetshenziswanga kahle umzimba, ungayibilisa.
Izitsha zokuphuza izinkomo kufanele zigcwaliswe njalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile, kodwa uma izinkomo zingekho ekhaya, ziphuziswa kabili ngosuku, ngesilinganiso sama-70-80 amalitha amanzi ngayinye. Abesifazane abakhulelwe badinga uketshezi kaningi, ngakho banikezwa amanzi kathathu ngosuku.

Umehluko ekudleni kwasebusika

Umehluko omkhulu ekudleni kwasebusika ukungabi notshani olusha, okuvame ukushintshwa yi-hay, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-10 kg wesondlo esinjalo ngosuku ngalunye inkomo. Uma kunokwenzeka, ungayifaka ne-oat utshani, okuyinto imilinin imithanda kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, unganciphisa izindleko zokudla. I-Bychkov, lapho umlimi ehlela ukuthumela ngokushesha ukuxoshwa, igcinwa ezigodini ezihlukene, okungenani ubunomzimba, kodwa ukuhamba njalo. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla kwabo yilapha (okungaba ngu-6 kg ngekhanda ngalinye), imifino ye-melon (cishe amabhakede amabili ngosuku), i-hay. Naphezu kokuthi izindleko ezibonakalayo zokuthengwa kwalezi zondlo ziphakeme kakhulu, izilwane zikhula ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokushesha futhi lokhu kuqondisa indlela enamandla kakhulu yokuncelisa. Ngokuyinhloko izinkunzi ziholela ekuhlatshweni eneminyaka engu-11-12, ngesisindo somzimba esingu 700-800 kg.

Ngokuqondene namanzi, ebusika ukomidi olulodwa lweLimousin lungaba amalitha angu-45-50.

Thola ukuthi yini enquma isisindo sezinkomo.

Ukudla okwanele kwezinkomo ze limousine ngesikhathi sokuphila kwazo kanje:

  • ngesikhathi seminyaka yonke, ithole lidla kuphela i-colostrum;
  • kusukela ngenyanga yesibili yokuphila kwakhe wanikwa utshani nemifino (ndawonye 500 g) kanye no-100 g wezingxube zommbila ngosuku (ubisi lomama kuseyisisekelo sokudla kwakhe futhi angaphuza kuze kube ngu-10 amalitha ngosuku);
  • ngenyanga yesithathu yokuphila, ingxenye yobisi iyancipha ibe ngama-5 amalitha ngosuku, kanti inani le-hay, imifino kanye nokuhlanganiswa okusanhlamvu okhiqizwayo landa liya ku-1.5, 2 kg no-300 amagremu, ngokulandelana;
  • Cishe isigamu sonyaka, amathole adluliselwa ngokuphelele ekudleni okudala, abanike ama-3 kg we-hay, ama-4 kg wezitshalo zempande kanye no-1 kg wezinhlamvu okusanhlamvu ngosuku;
  • emva kwezinyanga ezingu-7-8 zokuphila, abantu abasha bangadla ufulawa obuningi njengoba befuna, futhi isamba sabo siphelele nge-10 kg yemifino (ngokucophelelwa kisikiwe) kanye no-2 kg wezinhlamvu zokusanhlamvu; lezi zilinganiso kufanele zilandelwe izinyanga eziyishumi zamathole;
  • esikhathini esizayo, inani lemifino likhuphuke libe yi-12-15 kg ngosuku, lilinganiselwa ku-5 kg, kanti konke ukudla kuzobekwa yi-hay nesilage ebusika noma utshani obusha ehlobo.

Umthombo oyinhloko wezinto ezizuzisayo zamathole phakathi kwamakhabe kanye nemigodi kuyoba ithanga ne-zucchini, futhi phakathi kwezimpande izitshalo ze-sugar beet kanye ne-izaqathe zifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ebusika, imifino ethile ingafakwa esikhundleni se-haylage noma isililage, yiziphi izilwane ezidlayo ngaphandle kokuzingelwa kancane.

Kubalulekile! Ama-gobies ase-castrated athola isisindo ngokushesha, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inyama yabo ikhulu kakhulu kunayo yamadoda angewona ama-castrated.
Izinkomo zaseLimousin ziyindlela enhle yokuzalanisa ukuze uthole inani elikhulu ngokwanele lenyama enhle, kepha ukuze wenze kanjalo, kuzodingeka wenze imizamo yokunakekelwa nokondla izinkomo zalolu hlobo, ushiye isamba esilinganiselwe sobisi izidingo zakhe).

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