Ukudla kwezinkukhu eBelarus

I-Belarus ibilokhu idumile ngezolimo zayo ezithuthukile kakhulu, ukubaluleka kwayo okuphakanyisiwe kuleli zwe kuya kumlingiswa kazwelonke, ngenkathi izinkukhu zokulima zidlala indima ehamba phambili. Naphezu kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinkukhu kuleli lizwe, abalimi bezinkukhu zendawo bakhula ngokuzithandela futhi bathuthukise izinhlobo zezinyoni eziye zaziwa futhi zathandwa emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kwabangele ukuvela kweqembu lonke lamadwala asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ephezulu. Okulandelayo, sibheke ngokuningiliziwe izici eziyinhloko zezinkukhu ze-Belarusian, kanye nokujwayela izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu.

Okuqukethwe:

• I-Belarus-9
• Okukhulu kakhulu
• Leggorn
• ULohman Brown
• Kuchinsky inkumbulo
• Hisex
• Izinkukhu Zokudla
• I-Brama
• I-Cornish
• I-Orpington
• Rhode isiqhingi
• I-Fireball

Egg Hens

Izinkukhu ezikhulayo zamaqanda zibaluleke kakhulu kubantu. Imikhiqizo yabo isetshenziselwa ezindaweni eziningi zebhizinisi futhi iyabalulekile ekuphekeni. Yingakho ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo zamaqanda kuye kwaba yindawo efunwa kakhulu kwezolimo zanamuhla, kanye nethuluzi eliyinhloko lokuthuthukisa imboni yenkukhu emhlabeni jikelele. Umqondo womhlaba wonke ubonakala nakumkhakha wezinkukhu zaseBelarusian, oye waveza amaqanda ngenkuthalo iminyaka eminingi.

Hlola izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zezingqimba.

I-Belarus-9

Inyoni ezalwa yiBelrusrus-9 ingabhekwa ngokufanele njengenye yezinkukhu ezithandwayo kakhulu ezinkukhu. Le nyoni iyimpahla yangempela yesikole saseBelarusian esikhiqizayo, esiyiminyaka engamashumi eminyaka ibelelwa emapulazini amakhulu ezinkukhu nasekhaya elincane.

Uhlobo lwadalwa ngokusekelwe esigxotsheni saseCalifornia Sulfur neLeggorn. I-hybrid eyabangela isifinyelele ngokuphelele izici zendabuko yeLeggorn, kodwa yathola ukusebenza okuhle nokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinkukhu zingahlonywa ngokuphumelelayo kunoma yiziphi izifunda zezulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: umumo omncane, ohlangene;
• inhlanganisela: ama-hues abomvu, abomvu noma olele eceleni kwawo;
• namacici: okuzungezile, ama-hues abomvu okukhanyayo;
• intamo: okulingana, okude futhi okucashile;
• amehlo: shades ezincane, eziphuzi noma eziphuzi;
• umzimba: okulinganiselwe, okuncane, okuphakanyisiwe futhi okwenziwe emakhazeni, kuyilapho inzalo inesifuba esikhulu nesibindi, kanye nesisu esijulile;
• umsila: ubukhulu obuphakathi, obanzi phansi futhi obuncane emaphethelweni, usethe ngemuva ngemuva kwe-angle engaba ngu-40 °;
• amaphuzu: hhayi isikhathi eside, ephuzi kancane;
• inqwaba: ama-shades amhlophe, e-snow;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: cishe 2 kg;
• umlingiswa: Othandekayo, ozolile futhi onobungane.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: phezulu, izinkukhu zivuthiwe cishe izinsuku ezingu-160 emva kokuzalwa;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: akukho ngaphezu konyaka owodwa;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: phezulu, amaqanda angama-260 ngonyaka;
• amaqanda okukhulelwa: 90-95;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: umhlophe weqhwa;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: cishe u-65 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: ilahlekile.

Uyazi? Izinkukhu zifuywe kwi-VI-VIII yeminyaka eyi-BC. i-er ensimini yaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseChina yanamuhla.

Okukhulu kakhulu

Izinkukhu eziqhamukayo zakhiwe abakhiqizi baseCzech emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, emva kwalokho ukukhula kwabo okusebenzayo emhlabeni wonke kwaqala. Umsebenzi oyinhloko owawubekwa ngesikhathi sokuzala, ukuthola inyoni enamandla futhi ekhiqizayo enqabile ekunciphiseni okubukhali ekushiseni.

Amaqhawe atholakala ekuhlanganiseni okuphindaphindiwe kweCornish, Leggorn, Plymouthrock, Rhode Island, noSussex hens. Naphezu kokuthi le nyoni iye yaphuthunyiswa isikhathi eside, namuhla inezibonakaliso eziqhubekayo, ngakho-ke iyakhiwa ngokugcwele kumazwe angaphezu kuka-30 emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise naseBelarus.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinkukhu ezingenakuzithoba.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukuma nxazonke;
• inhlanganisela: amaqabunga asemagqabhagqabha ahlanzekile, abomvu noma amancane;
• namacici: okuzungezile, ukukhanya okubomvu okukhanyayo;
• intamo: ubude obuphakathi, obukhulu;
• amehlo: encane, ikakhulukazi i-tint orange;
• umzimba: i-massive, i-squat, ngesifuba esikhulu nangemuva, kanye namathanga enyama namazinyo;
• umsila: eliphakathi, elibanzi phansi futhi elincane emaphethelweni, lihlezi ngasemuva e-angle engaba ngu-30-40 °;
• amaphuzu: umbala omfushane, ophuzi ophuzi obunemigqa yesici;
• inqwaba: obukhulu, kodwa obuhle kakhulu, ngegolide, elimpunga ngisho nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa izinkuni zombala omnyama ogcwele zibhekwa njengokubhekwa;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 2.5-3.2 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile, ukuhlukumezeka engekho.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: ukuphakama kwezinkukhu kwenzeka cishe kwezinsuku eziyi-150-160 emva kokuzalwa;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1.5;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: phezulu, amaqanda angama-310 ngonyaka;

Thola ukuthi yiziphi amavithamini adingekayo ekukhiqizeni amaqanda amahle.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: 97%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: ikakhulukazi ama-shades amnyama, kusukela emanzini kuya kumnyama omnyama;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: cishe u-70 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: cishe engathuthuki.

Leggorn

Ukubeletha kungenye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu, izwe lakubo elisemthethweni yiMedithera, ogwini lwase-Italy lwanamuhla. Lesi silwane sagcwala ekhulwini le-19 edolobheni lasechwebeni laseLiborno esekelwe kuma-hybrids angaphandle.

Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu zohlobo lwe-Leghorn ziyanconywa ukuthi zigcinwe ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu ngokukhululeka kwesithuba samahhala, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhiqiza kwabo kungancipha kakhulu.

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, ukuzalwa okuthola izibonakaliso ezisemthethweni, kwasakazeka cishe emhlabeni wonke futhi phakathi nekhulu lama-XX kwavela ensimini ye-USSR. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nyoni yahlonywa ngempumelelo ensimini yaseBelarus, ngenkathi ithola izici zayo. Okokuqala, zibandakanya ukumelana nezimo ezibandayo, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okwandisiwe.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukuma nxazonke;
• inhlanganisela: elimaqabunga, eliqondile noma elilenga eceleni kwalo, i-red hue ebizwa;
• namacici: ukugoqa okubomvu, okubomvu;
• intamo: mncane futhi ohlangene;
• amehlo: ama-shades amancane, ama-orange noma aphuzi aphuzi;
• umzimba: i-wedge-shape, ephakanyisiwe, elula, yakha unxantathu ovamile, kanti uhlanga luhlukaniswa nesifuba esibanzi nesisu esiswini;
• umsila: encane, ebanzi phansi futhi elincane emaphethelweni, libheke ngasemuva engxenyeni ka-35-40 °;
• amaphuzu: i-tint yellow yellow;
• inqwaba: dense, kunezinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene ze-shades, kodwa kakhulu ezimhlophe, ezimnyama, ezinsundu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zegolide nezinye. Le ncwadi ibhekwa njengeLeggorn kuphela umbala omhlophe weqhwa;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 1.6-2.4 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile, enokulinganisela, enobungane.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu ezinkukhu kwenzeka cishe kwezinsuku eziyi-140-150 emva kokuzalwa;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: zingekho izinyanga ezingu-12;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: ephakeme kakhulu, amaqanda angama-300-320 ngonyaka;

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinkukhu ezingagcinwa emaceleni.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: cishe ama-95%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: umhlophe omhlophe noma weqhwa;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 55 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: cishe engekho.

ULohman Brown

Izinkukhu uLohman Brown zakhiwe engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu leminyaka lama-20 ngenxa yokukhethwa okukhethiwe, okuyiminyaka eminingana yokukhiqizwa kwabakhiqizi baseJalimane abavela eLohmann Tierzucht GmbH. Umgomo wabo kwakuwukuzaliswa kohlobo olusha olusanda kuqalwa ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuthuthukisiwe nokumelana nesimo sezulu esinzima. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola izinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezikhiqizayo, abazali abahle kakhulu ababekhona eYurophu ngaleso sikhathi bakhethwa.

Bheka izinhlobo zezinkukhu zaseRussia.

Isisekelo senyoni saba yizizukulwane zokuqala ezivela ePlymouthrock naseRhode Island Ukuhamba kokuqala, abantu bezizukulwane zokuqala bakhethwa kuphela, emva kwalokho ukuzaliswa kwenyoni entsha kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwamahlamvu atholakalayo. Namuhla, izinkukhu zikaLohman Brown ziphakathi kwezinyoni ezinhlanu ezikhiqizayo kakhulu futhi ezingenakuzithoba zemboni yezinkukhu zanamuhla, ngakho zivame ukutshala njengezifuyo ezinkulu, futhi kukhona amapulazi amancane angasese.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: eliphakathi noma elingaphansi kwesayizi ophakathi, isakhiwo nxazonke;
• inhlanganisela: amaqabunga, aqondile, agcwele, amathoni abomvu;
• namacici: nxazonke, ezincane, ezikhanyayo ezigcwele;
• intamo: mncane futhi mfushane;
• amehlo: orange noma obomvu-orange;
• umzimba: ezincane, ezinamaphiko ezinamaphiko futhi ezinamapulangwe, isifuba esibanzi nesisu esisinyene;
• umsila: encane, ihlelwe ngasemuva e-angle engaba ngu-35 °;
• amapayipi: ubude obuphakathi, obala ophuzi noma obomvu;
• inqwaba: ama-rooster ngokuvamile ahlanzekile noma amhlophe, futhi izinkukhu zinemifino emhlophe noma umbala wamathoni obomvu;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: ku-hens okungaphezu kuka-2 kg, emaqeleni kuze kufike ku-3 kg;
• umlingiswa: ukuzola nokuzikhandla, ukuziphatha kabi ekuziphatheni akugcini.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu ezinkukhu kwenzeka cishe izinsuku ezingu-145 emva kokuzalwa;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: cishe izinyanga ezingu-12-18;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: phezulu, cishe amaqanda angama-320 ngonyaka;

Uyazi? ERussia, izinkukhu zasekhaya zavela kuqala ogwini olumnyama olwandle cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: 80%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: umbala omnyama;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 60-70 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: cishe engekho.

Kuchinsky inkumbulo

Inyoni yaseKuchinskaya iJubae zizalwa ngenxa yemizamo yesikhathi eside yabalimi baseSoviet. Uhlobo lwazo lwaluqalwa ezindongeni ezidumile kunazo zonke endaweni yeSoviet post "Kuchinsky Poultry Farm" ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-80 - ekuqaleni kwe-90 yekhulu lama-XX. Izinhlobo eziningi zokuzalana kwamakhaya nasezilwandle zasetshenziswa njengabazali izinkukhu zaseKuchinsky (iLivensky Chickens, i-New Hampshire, iRussia White, i-Rhode Island, i-White Plymouthrocks, i-Australorps).

Ekugcineni, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola inhlanzi yamaqanda eveza kahle, engenakuzithoba ekushintsheni okushisa okusheshayo kanye nezinye izibonakaliso zezulu.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ezincane, eziphakathi noma ezincane, ezungeziwe;
• inhlanganisela: ezincane, eziqabunga, ezimile, ezibomvu ezikhanyayo;
• namacici: ama-hues abomvu ajwayelekile, ahlangene, ahlangene;
• intamo: elincanyana, elonged, elincane;
• amehlo: ezinkulu kanye ne-convex, we-hue ebomvu;
• umzimba: eqinile futhi enesisindo, ngemuva kunomthamo, ubude obubanzi futhi obubanzi, kancane kancane kuncike emsila, isifuba siphezulu futhi siqinile kakhulu;
• umsila: ezincane, ezincane ezishintshayo, zihlezi ngaseceleni emuva;
• amapayipi: ukunciphisa, okunamandla, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• inqwaba: obunzima, obomvu obomvu noma obunzima obuhlaza obomvu, ama-black plumage enesizungu endaweni yomsila avunyelwe;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 2.5-3.5 kg;
• umlingiswa: enobudlova, ukuzalwa ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuhlukumeza okuvulekile.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu ezinkukhu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-120-150;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: cishe iminyaka engu-1-2, kodwa emva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kancane kancane kwehla;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: isilinganiso, amaqanda angaba ngu-180 ngonyaka;

Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu zeJubilee zaseKuchinsky zithokozela ukukhuluphala, ngakho-ke ukudla kwazo kufanele kulungiswe, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhuluphala kungadala ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kwemikhiqizo yezinyoni.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: ngaphezulu kuka-90%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: ukhilimu noma obomvu;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: cishe i-g g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: kahle, izinkukhu ziphakathi kwezinkukhu ezinhle kakhulu.

Hisex

Ukuzalwa kweHisex kukhona emashumini ambalwa nje kuphela, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi wakwazi ukunqoba abalimi abancane nezinkulu ezinkukhu emhlabeni jikelele. Isisekelo salesi hybrid saba umzali ozalisa iLeggorn neNew Hampshire, lapho izinkukhu zikaHaysex azitholanga khona kuphela izimfanelo zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi zikwazi ukukhuphuka kakhulu.

Thola ukuthi izinkukhu zingamaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngenxa yalokho, abalimi bakwazi ukuthola inyoni yokukhiqiza enenzuzo kakhulu ekwazi ukukhiqiza amaqanda asebenzayo esikhathini eside. Umsebenzi wokuzaliswa kwalezi zinkukhu wenziwa ngabalimi baseDutch ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-70 ekhulwini lama-20, futhi namuhla amalungelo okusemthethweni wohlobo lwawo angabakwa-Hendrix yenkukhu abafuyi b. Uhlobo lwangena e-USSR phakathi ne-70s yekhulu lama-20, ngesikhathi esifanayo lithuthela ngempumelelo ensimini yaseBelarus, lapho ihlukanisile khona kuze kube yilolu suku.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: umumo omncane, ohlangene;
• inhlanganisela: amakhulu, amaqabunga, ama-shades abomvu agcwele, alele eceleni noma aqondile;
• namacici: okuzungezile, obomvu obucebile;
• intamo: usayizi ophakathi, omncane;
• amehlo: encane, orange noma obomvu-orange;
• umzimba: inhle, kodwa inamandla nemisipha, ene-back back and rounded;
• umsila: encane, ihlelwe ngasemuva e-angle engaba ngu-35%;
• amapayipi: ubude obuphakathi, ophuzi noma obomvu-ophuzi;
• inqwaba: Umbala omningi, umbala wezinsizi unombala weqhwa noma umbala omnyama, umthunzi ofanayo;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: akukho ngaphezu kwe-2-2.5 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile futhi ezithambile, cishe bonke abantu banomqondo wokucindezeleka.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu ezinkukhu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-130-140;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: Iminyaka engu-2-3, kodwa emva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 kuqala kancane kancane;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: phezulu, cishe amaqanda angama-320 ngonyaka;

Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu Hisex zithanda indawo evulekile, ngakho kufanele zigcinwe ngamaqembu amancane angaphezu kwabangu-4 ngabangu-1 emitha yemitha eyodwa.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: cishe ama-95%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu (ama-correlates nombala we-plumage);
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 60-65 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: engekho ngokuphelele.

Ukubuyekezwa kwamavidiyo wezinkukhu ze-hesex

Izinkukhu Zokudla

Izinkukhu zokuzalanisa inyama zingenye yezindawo ezikhula ngokushesha nezinkulu kwezolimo zanamuhla. Inyama yenkukhu inezinhlobo eziningi zezakhi, futhi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ezaziwa ukunambitheka nokudla kwayo. Ngakho-ke, lo mkhiqizo phakathi neminyaka eminyaka edlule uye wanda kakhulu emazweni amaningi. Yingakho ukuzaliswa kwezinkukhu zezinkukhu namuhla kungenye yezingxenye ezinkulu kunazo zonke zokukhiqiza izilwane emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise neCIS.

I-Brama

I-Brama ingenye yezilwane eziningi kakhulu nezinkukhu ezikhulayo ezinkukhu. Lolu hlobo lwadalwa ngokuhamba ngokuqondile kwama-Kokhinsky nama-Malay hens ngo-1874 ensimini yeNyakatho Melika. Ababelethi babhekene nokusebenza kokuletha inyoni enkulu futhi enezinyosi, ehlukaniswe imikhiqizo ephezulu, kanye nokumelene nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.

Funda ngezinhlobo zohlobo: Brahma Bright no-Brama Kuropatchataya.

I-Hens Brama yaba yimpumelelo kangangokuthi ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka eminyaka yasakazeka emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise nensimu yase-Ukraine, iBelarus neRussia. Namuhla le nyoni ingummeli wendabuko wezinhlobo zenyama ensimini yalezi zindawo zombili emafamu amakhulu nasemapulazini angasese.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukuma nxazonke;
• inhlanganisela: ezincane, ezinjenge-pod-like, amazinyo abizwa cishe engekho. Umbala wekhamera unobomvu obomvu noma obomvu;
• namacici: okuncane, okujikelezayo, okubomvu noma okubomvu okwesibhakabhaka;
• intamo: ubude obuphakathi, obubanzi, obukhulu futhi obukhulu, ngokugoba okuncane;
• amehlo: ubukhulu obuphakathi, obomvu obomvu noma obomvu;
• umzimba: ezincane, ezinamafutha, ezibekwe phezulu, emuva, ubuhlungu nesisu esisendlini kodwa ezinzima;
• umsila: eside, inezinqwaba ezinamanzi, ijika kancane emuva;
• amaphuzu: elide, elikhulu, eliphuzi eliphuzi noma eliphuzi elibomvu, elinamapula amaningi;
• inqwaba: i-soft, inezinketho eziningi zemidwebo (amnyama, ama-partridge, ama-brown, gray, gray-white shades);
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 3-5,5 kg (kuye ngokuthi ubulili babantu ngabanye);
• umlingiswa: ezolile futhi ezomnene, ukufutheka kwenyoni akuvamile.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphansi ezilwaneni ezincane kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-250-270;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: kuze kube yiminyaka emibili, emva kwalokho ihla kakhulu;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: aphansi, angabi ngaphezu kwamaqanda angama-120 ngonyaka;

Kuyathakazelisa ukujwayelana nokuzala kwezinkukhu.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: cishe angu-90%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: ukhilimu noma umbala omnyama;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 55-60 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: ithuthukiswe kakhulu.

I-Cornish

Namuhla, izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-Cornish zingachazwa kuphela njengokhokho bama-broilers anikezela phezulu. Kodwa, naphezu kokuthi lezi zinyoni zazivuthwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, ukuthandwa kwabo akuwi kuze kube yilolu suku. I-Cornish yenziwe ngokungahleliwe ngenxa yokuzalisa izilinganiso zikaNgisi uWilliam R. Gilbert ekuzaliseni izinkukhu zokulwa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nabameleli bezinkukhu zokulwa kwezinkukhu.

Ngenxa yokuqhuma okuningi, uGilbert akazange akwazi ukuthola ama-"fighters" aqinile, kodwa izitshalo ezibekwe yizo zahlukaniswa nomzimba omningi nesisindayo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, ukuthuthukiswa kwalo kuqhubekile, futhi ngokushesha ukuzalana okusebenzayo kweCornish kwaqala emafolini amaningi aseNgilandi, lapho usakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, kanye naseMelika. Ukuzalwa kwafika emazweni e-CIS naseBelrusrus ngenkathi ukwandiswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ezithela kakhulu kusukela ngo-1959 kuya ku-1973.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ububanzi obukhulu nobubanzi;
• inhlanganisela: i-pod-like, umbala obomvu ocebile;
• namacici: encane, nxazonke, ebomvu;
• intamo: ubude obuphakathi, obunamandla nemisipha;
• amehlo: isethi ejulile, imithunzi ebomvu noma e-orange;
• umzimba: i-pith shape, enamandla, enesisindo nangama-muscular, kodwa ukuphakama okuncane. Isifuba sikhulu futhi sijulile; ingemuva ibuye ivule;
• umsila: okufushane, okulenga kancane;
• amaphuzu: okuqinile, okubekwa kabanzi, shades yellow yellow or pale;
• inqwaba: ebushelelezi futhi enesibindi, umbala ungahlukahluka, kodwa abantu ababhekiselweyo banamahlumela amhlophe noma amnyama kuphela;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 3-5 kg ​​(kuye ngokuthi ubulili);
• umlingiswa: Ukulwa, ukuhlukumezeka ngokwemvelo, ukuvulwa komngane ovulekile akubonisi.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphansi ezithombeni ezincane kwenzeka ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-270;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: Iminyaka eyi-1.5-3, emva kwalokho ukukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu kuncishiswe kakhulu;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: amaqanda angama-120-150 ngonyaka;

Kubalulekile! Abameli be-Cornish breed bahlukaniswa kakhulu ngokwemithi emincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukuze bathuthukise ukugaya kwabo, inani elincane lehlabathi elihlanjululwe futhi lenziwe inzalo kufanele lengezwe ekutheni (1-5% we-mass mass total).

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: ngaphezulu kuka-90%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: ezihlukahlukene, ezivela ezimhlophe zibe zibomvu (zihambisana nombala wezintambo);
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 55-60 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: ithuthukiswe ezingeni eliphezulu.

I-Orpington

Uhlobo lwabalelwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX no-XX edolobheni lase-Orpingtov (eNgilandi) nguWilliam Cook. Umbelethi uzakhela umsebenzi wokudala izinkukhu ezivela emhlabeni wonke ezingahlangabezane nezidingo zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kuphela, kodwa nezidingo zobuhle. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuningi, kwakungenzeka ukuthola inyama enhle kakhulu kanye nezinhlobo zamaqanda, ezidlula yonke izinhlobo zezinkukhu ezaziwa ngaleso sikhathi, kanye nokuzithoba ngokukhethekile, emva kwalokho ukuqala kokufuduka kwezinyoni ngeYurophu naseMelika kwaqala.

Hlola ukukhiqiza inyama kwezinkukhu.

Namuhla, ukuzala akuyekanga ukuzala, ngakho-ke, kuzo zonke izifunda zokusabalalisa okusebenzayo, i-Orpingtons inezici zayo siqu.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: isakhiwo esincane, nxazonke;
• inhlanganisela: iqonde, iqabunga, liqondile, libomvu eligcwele;
• namacici: ubukhulu obuphakathi, obuningi, obuningi obomvu;
• intamo: kancane, kodwa enamandla, enamandla nemisipha, enezinhlamvu;
• amehlo: ubukhulu obuphakathi, umbala wabo ungahluka (okuhambisana nombala wezinsipho);
• umzimba: i-cubic, enkulu futhi enamandla, izinkukhu zinempilo enhle;
• umsila: ihlangene, ijika kancane emuva;
• amaphuzu: enamandla, nge-plumage elula, umbala wabo ungahlukahluka (okuhambisana nombala wezintambo);
• inqwaba: evulekile futhi eqinile, umbala wayo uhlukile (omnyama, omhlophe, ophuzi, osesithombeni, omnyama nomhlophe, obomvu, obomvu, obomvu, i-partridge, i-birch, ophuzi nomngcele omnyama, njll);
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 4.5-6.5 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile nokuthula, ukuhlukumeza kwezinkukhu akuzibonakali.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphansi ezilwaneni ezincane kwenzeka ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-210-240;
• ubude bokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: iminyaka engu-1-2.5, kodwa emva kwezinyanga ezingu 12 inani lamaqanda liyancipha kancane kancane;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: ephansi, angaphezu kuka-160 amaqanda ngonyaka;

Uyazi? Izinkukhu zase-Orpington zingenye yezinhlobo ezincane zezinkukhu ezikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: cishe u-93%;
• Umbala we-egg shell: brown brown;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 65-70 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: ithuthukiswe kakhulu.

Ividiyo: i-Orpington Hens

Rhode isiqhingi

Izitshalo zokuqala zohlobo lweRhodde Island zatholakala e-United States maphakathi nekhulu le-19 ngokuwela ngqo ama-Malayan hens and Cochinchins ngokuhlanganiswa okuncane kwezici ezinhle zezinkomo zeLeggorn, Cornish kanye neVietot.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukugcina izinkukhu endlini.

Ngenxa yeminyaka yokuhlolwa, abalimi bakwazi ukuthola izinkukhu zenyama yonke kanye nohlobo lwamaqanda, ukungathobeli ukudla nezimo zokuphila. Izinkukhu zafika ensimini yoMbuso WaseRussia, kanye neBelarus, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ngemva kwalokho zaba omunye wabameleli bezinkukhu.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: umumo omncane, ohlangene;
• inhlanganisela: ukuma, ukuma, ubukhulu obuphakathi, umbala obomvu ogcwele;
• namacici: okuncane, okuzungezile, okuhlanganisiwe okubomvu okugcwele;
• intamo: enamandla, emisipha, kungekude, enekhawu elithile;
• amehlo: okuncane, okukhanyayo kwe-orange;
• umzimba: ubukhulu, obubanzi, obunxantathu, nesifuba esikhulu kanye nekamu elizungezile. Ingemuva isikhathi eside; isifuba sigcwele;
• umsila: encane, ekhomba emuva ngemuva kwe-angle ye-35 °;
• amaphuzu: elifushane nelinamandla, eliphuzi eliphuzi noma eliphuzi;
• inqwaba: obukhulu, obukhulu futhi obucwebileyo, obunomthunzi obomvu obomvu;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 2.8-3.7 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile futhi enobungane, izinkukhu zithandwa ngumuntu.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphansi ezilwaneni ezincane kwenzeka ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-210;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: akukho ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-1-2;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: amaqanda angama-180 ngonyaka;

Funda izinketho zokukhetha izinkukhu.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: 90-95%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: elibomvu elimnyama noma elimnyama;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 55-65 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: ithuthukiswe kahle.

I-Rhode Island Hens: ividiyo

I-Fireball

Izinkukhu zohlobo lwe-Fireol zakhiwe eFrance ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye eduze kwedolobha laseFrance le-Fireol. Le nyoni idalwe ngesisekelo sezinhlobo zendawo ngokuwela kwe-interspecific yabantu abakhiqiza kakhulu abaneCchochchins. Kule minyaka edlule, abafuyi baye bafaka izakhi zofuzo ezengeziwe ezivela ezinkukhu zaseDorking, Brama, Goudan nabanye. Ngenxa yokuzalanisa, kwakungenzeka ukuthola inyama enenkukhu ekhulayo, ehlukaniswa nokungazitholi kokudla nokuzimo.

Hlola uhlu lwezinkukhu ezihamba phambili zezinkukhu.

Engxenyeni yaseRussia, eBelarus nase-Ukraine inyoni yafika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, ngemva kwalokho yaphenduka enye yezinhlobo ezizithandayo zesifunda. Namuhla i-Firello isetshenziselwa ngokugcwele ukukhiqiza izilwane, futhi ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo kwe-uncharacteristic, ihloselwe izinjongo zokuhlobisa.

Izici eziyinhloko zenyoni:

• ikhanda: ezinkulu, kancane kancane, ngezinye izikhathi nge-tuft encane;
• inhlanganisela: okwenziwe amaqabunga, oqondile, ophansi, obomvu;
• namacici: ama-hues amancane abomvu;
• intamo: ubude obuphakathi, obunzima, nomncane omncane ongena emuva;
• amehlo: amancane amancane, ama-orange-red shades;
• umzimba: umumo we-trapezoidal, ohlangene kancane, ngesifuba esikhulu nangemuva, kanye nemisipha ethuthukile;
• umsila: emfushane, ephakanyisiwe futhi ephihliwe kancane emuva;
• amaphuzu: ubude obuphakathi, ukuphuzi, okwephunga ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka emilenzeni;
• inqwaba: soft but dense. Lapho ubeka izinyosi, izimpaphe zibomvu-pink noma i-salmon enemibala emaceleni okukhanya endaweni yesisu, emakhokheni ikakhulukazi abamnyama noma abamnyama, abanezintambo ezincane zamabala aphuzi noma amhlophe;
• isisindo sesilinganiso: 3-4 kg;
• umlingiswa: ezolile, izinyoni zizothula futhi zinobungane.

Izimfanelo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko:

• ukungahambi kahle: Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphansi ezilwaneni ezincane kwenzeka kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-220;
• isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kweqanda elisebenzayo: Iminyaka engu-1-2, emva kwalokho inani lamaqanda linciphisa kancane kancane;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda: amaqanda angama-150-160 ngonyaka;

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinkukhu ezinkulu kakhulu, zithwala amaqanda amakhulu.

• amaqanda okukhulelwa: 90%;
• umbala weqanda leqanda: shades of pink, ophuzi noma obomvu;
• isilinganiso sesisindo seqanda: 50-55 g;
• ukuzonda ukukhanya: cishe engekho.

Izinkukhu zokulima emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi nensimu yaseBelarus, enye yezindlela eziholayo kwezolimo zanamuhla. Le mboni inikeza izinkulungwane zamathani ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ephezulu emakethe nsuku zonke. Namuhla ekukhuleni kwezilwane ukukhiqiza izinyoni ezikhulayo kusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zokukhiqiza. Phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, kanye nezinhlobo ezintsha zendawo, eziqukethe izici zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe.