Izinkukhu ezikhulayo ngenhloso yokuthola amaqanda kungenye yezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zomsebenzi emkhakheni wezolimo. Amaqanda akhona ekudleni kwethu nsuku zonke ngendlela yamaqanda aphuziwe, ama-omelets, imikhiqizo yebhakabhaka, njll. Kulabo abazala izinkukhu zamaqanda, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini izinyoni eziqala ukuhamba, kodwa futhi nezici ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nezici inqubo.
Uma izinkukhu ziqala ukuhamba
I-egg-laying iyinkqubo yokuphila ekhombisa ukuvuthwa kwenkukhu. Izinkukhu zasendle zisuka ezinyangeni ezingu-6 ubudala. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlanga zamaqanda kuye kwaholela ekukhuleni kwezinkukhu, eziqala ukuthuthwa ezinyangeni ezingu-4-5:
- I-Leggorn - 4,5;
- ULoman Brown - 5.5;
- Okukhulu - 4;
- I-Tetra - 4;
- I-Minorca - 5.
Yazi kahle abameleli beqanda elihle kanye nezinhlobo zezinkukhu zezinkukhu.
Izinhlobo zezinyama zenyama zisuka ezinyangeni ezingu-5-6. Lezi zinyoni azizona abanikazi bezinkampani zokukhiqiza amaqanda, kodwa zivuswa ngenxa yokudla okunomqondo olinganiselayo kanye nezinkomba zeqanda.
Phakathi nonyaka, inyama nezinkukhu izinkukhu zithwala amaqanda angaba ngu-170-200. Ukubeka izinhlanzi zenyama kuqala ukuhamba ngezinyanga ezingu-7-8, ngakho-ke akuzona inzuzo ukugcina ngenxa yamaqanda. Inombolo yonyaka yamaqanda ezinkukhu eziqondiswa inyama ayikho ngaphezu kuka-120. Njengoba le ntsha ikhula, ama-scallops awo amancane, i-pink ephaphathekile enemibala. Lapho inkukhu isilungele ukuthwala amaqanda, umbala we-scallop uphendukile futhi wanda ngobukhulu.
Uyazi? Abameli be-Minorca breed baqala ukuchithwa ekuqaleni, ukuhlanza umugqa wokuzalwa. Lesi sici saqaphelwa ngabalimi.
Okuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Ekuqaleni kokubekwa kwamaqanda kuthinta izici zohlobo, kanye nokuthi:
- ukucindezeleka;
- ukutholakala kwama-parasites;
- izifo;
- ukudla
Zonke lezi zici zingabambezela ukuqala kwamaqanda. Izinkinga zezinyoni ezikucindezelayo ziyisondelene nesilwane, umsindo wethrekhi, ikolishi elibandayo. I-egg-laying isebenzisa cishe ama-40% wamandla aguqulwa emzimbeni ekudleni.
Thola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma izinkukhu zigijima kabi.
Lapho kukhona izifo nezifo, amandla kanye nezinsiza zomzimba asetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo ezifuywayo, futhi ungqimba lungenamandla okubeka iqanda. 
Amaqanda ezinkukhu ayingcosana ngobukhulu kunezinkukhu ezindala Esikhathini esivela ezinyangeni ezine kuya kwezingu-6 kule inkukhu kungukubunjwa kwendlela yokuzala. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukudla okunomsoco kanye ne-calcium eyanele ukuze kutholakale inqubo yeqanda-yokubeka. Ukuntuleka kwe-calcium kubangela ukuthi umzimba uhlehlise ukuqala kwawo ngosuku oluthile.
Uyazi? Izinyoni azigijimi ebumnyameni. Ezinye izinhlobo zigijimela kabi emkhatsini we-microclimate ezibandayo, ngakho-ke inqubo ezinzile idinga ikolishi efudumele. Ngisho nenkukhu eyakhiwe ngokugcwele e-oviduct ngeke iphule inkukhu uma ibheka ukuthi izimo azifanelekile.
Zingaki izinsuku ngonyaka izinkukhu zigijima
Izinkukhu zezinhlobo zamaqanda zingathatha amaqanda angaba ngu-300 ngonyaka, ngakho-ke, zithwala cishe nsuku zonke. Abamele inyama kanye namaqanda ukhula ngokushesha, futhi inyama - kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Ngokukhiqizwa kwefektri, ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kuphakeme, njengoba izimo ezithinta umkhiqizo zibhekwa ngokucophelela.
Inkukhu yanoma yiluphi uhlobo izalwa ngeqanda elikhulu, elivumela ukuba lithwale kulo lonke impilo yalo. Iqanda lezinyosi lezinyoni liyingcosana, lidinga cishe izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ukuthuthukisa iqanda elilodwa ngokugcwele, kuye ngohlobo. 
Uneminyaka engakanani inkukhu
Kunamaqanda angaba ngu-4 000 emzimbeni, okuzokwanela iminyaka engu-11. Kodwa empeleni izinkukhu zihlala eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemihlanu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lezinhlobo eziningi kunciphisa ngeminyaka yobudala, futhi inyama iyaqina. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bahlela ukubuyisela umhlambi okhiqizayo kungakapheli iminyaka engu-3-4.
Izici zemikhiqizo ngayinye:
- Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amakhulu wezinkukhu zamazinyo amaqanda - i-Legorn, iTetra, i-Minorca, iwela ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ngonyaka wesibili, ukukhiqizwa kwehle ngo-15% futhi kuqhubeka iminyaka ezayo.
- Izinkukhu uhlobo lwamaqanda-oryol, i-Plymouth, i-Rhode Island, luba lukhiqiza kakhulu ngonyaka wesibili futhi lugcina umkhiqizo ofanayo kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu noma emine. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abadala banamathele amakhulu kunamancane.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphansi kwe-1 isikhathi ngesonto, izendlalelo zidinga isimiso nge-serum, njengoba umzimba wenyoni awukwazi ukwenza izinto eziqukethe ama-amino acids. Amaprotheni ekufakweni kwawo ahambisana ne-serum.
Ukudonsa izinkukhu
Ngokuvamile, ukulahlwa kuyinkinga yokuqala abalimi bezinkukhu ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho. Kulesi simo, udinga ukubuka izinyoni. Uhlaka oluhle lungabonakala esidlekeni cishe nsuku zonke futhi cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo sosuku. Ngezinye izikhathi, le nyoni ifuna ukudla ngentshiseko. Ungakwazi ukubeka izinkukhu ezinjalo ngendandatho ye-tin ukufaka i-paw yakho. Enyoni egijimayo, i-comb kanye ne-catkins zigcwele, zigcwele. Uma izinyoni zingapheli, le nsizi kufanele ihlanzeke futhi inkukhu ngokwayo ayiyona imifino eningi, ngoba ukutholakala kwesisindo esiningi kunzima ukuba kuthwale amaqanda. 
Abalimi bezinkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho bahlukanisa izici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile zendlala enhle:
- ukubonakala;
- ubude
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekubukeni kwenkukhu kuyisibonakaliso senkinga:
- Izimpaphe ezingcolile zingabonisa ukutheleleka.
- I-keel egobile yi-rickets engenzeka.
- Ukukhishwa kwonyaka kwenzeka ekwindla. Ukwehlisa inkukhu ngezikhathi ezithile kuyimpawu zokuthola i-avitaminosis, ukutholakala kwezidumbu, ukukhathala, nezifo zesigungu somzimba.
Ekhanda lokubeka okuhle unesikhamo esicacile sefomu elifanele, elifudumele kulokhu okuthinta. Isisu senyoni sinwebeka, sitholile. Ingemuva kufanele ibe flat, imilenze iqonde.
Inyoni akufanele ibe yesikhumba noma ikhulu kakhulu. Ibanga eliphakathi kwamathambo ase-pubic kufanele lilingane neminwe emine. Isendlalelo esihle sisebenza futhi sinamandla.
Kubalulekile! Ngokwesifundo sikaSmith, u-Wilson noBrown (1954), izinga lokushisa lomoya endaweni yenkukhu liphakeme kune- +26° ะก ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda. Ukufinyelela okuvinjelwe kwamanzi kuzobuye kunciphise ukukhiqizwa cishe ngo-50% (izifundo ze-Quisenbury, 1915).
Indlela yokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izinkukhu zigijima kuphela ngenkathi efudumele, enenqwaba yamafutha kanye nokudla okuhlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izici eziningana zingandisa ukwenziwa kweqanda:
- ukwanda emini ngesikhathi sasebusika ngosizo lokukhanyisa okwedlulele lwenkukhu yenkukhu - lokhu kuthinta abameleli bazo zonke izinhlobo;
- izinhlobo eziningi zidinga inkukhu efudumeleyo ngaphandle kwemikhakha, kanti inkukhu ekhukhulayo yenkukhu iyadingeka ukubeka izinkukhu emazweni afudumele ukuze kubekwe amaqanda azinzile;
- Ukwengezwa kwemvubelo ku-mash ngesikhathi sasebusika kuzokwandisa amandla we-feed.
Funda mayelana nokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ebusika nokuthi yiziphi amavithamini ama-hens adinga ukukhiqizwa okuhle.
Amaprotheni, usawoti wamaminerali kanye namavithamini ekudleni kunomthelela omkhulu emaqenjini amaqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nenkathi ye-egg-laying ejulile, isendlalelo sidinga izakhi ezingaphezu kuka-2 ngaphezulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda okuhle nokuzinzile ezinkukhu yisici esithintekayo yizici eziningi zasendlini - ukudla okunomsoco, izimo zokuphila, ukucindezeleka. Ukushintsha kwabo kangcono, ungakwazi ukufeza ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu.
Ukubuyekeza
