Izifo zamehlo ezinkukhu

Isifo se-Eye ekufakeni izinkukhu siyisenzakalo esivamile, futhi ukwazi izimpawu noma izimbangela zesifo, unganikeza usizo olufika ngesikhathi izinyoni. Umnikazi wezinyoni kufanele abe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ezinkingeni, empilweni yakhe. Ukunakekelwa kwenyoni ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzosindisa sonke isibalo esivela ekutheleleni, ngoba ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-inkukhu encane ayikugwemeki.

Kulesi sihloko sibheka izifo zamehlo ezivame kakhulu ezinkukhu, izimpawu zabo kanye nezenzo ezithile zokwelapha okudingekayo.

Ama-Amoni ubumpumputhe

Ama-Ammonia ubumpumputhe bangase bavele ezinkukhu ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezinyanga ezimbili. Isibangela sesifo yilokhu okuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwama-ammonia emoyeni.

Ukuhlushwa kwe-ammonia endlini kungadlulelwa ngezizathu eziningana:

• ukungabikho noma ukungahambisani nemigomo yesistimu yokuphuza umoya;
• ubude bezinyoni eduze kwama-droppings;
• ukuhlanza okungajwayelekile futhi okungalungile kwekhwalithi yezinyoni;
• ukungabi nendlu yokungasebenzi kahle.

I-Ammonia ubumpumputhe bubonakala efomu:

• I-eye mucosa ivuliwe;
• ukukhishwa kwe-mucus kusuka ekhaleni;
• amehlo enamehlo.

Lesi sifo siphutha kakhulu, ngoba sinikeza ingxube hhayi kuphela kuleso sakhiwo esibukwayo, kodwa nakwezempilo nokuthuthukiswa kwenkukhu njengamanye. Isikhumba esithintekile lesi sifo ngokushesha silahlekelwa ikhono lokubona, siphuthuka ngokungalungile, sigxile ngemuva kokukhula, kancane kancane sizuza isisindo, siba buthakathaka futhi singenandaba.

Ukuze ulahle izinkukhu zokuphuphuthekisa ammonia, kufanele:

• ubuyekeze ukudla kwabo ngokufaka ukudla okune-vitamin A ephezulu;

Thola ukuthi kufanele yini ukudla izinkukhu.

• yenza ukuhlanzwa okujwayelekile ngokusetshenziswa kwama-disinfectants ekamelweni, eliqukethe izinyoni, ngaphandle kokungazinaki abaxhasi babo kanye nama-perches.
• izinyoni ezingcolile ezivela emanzini zisebenzisa amanzi afudumele nezicubu ezithambile;
• amehlo aqhekekile, hlanza itiye noma itiye le-chamomile kabili ngosuku ngeviki.

Uyazi? Inkukhu, uma iqhathaniswa nomuntu, inembala eminingi, ihlukanisa i-violet spectrum engekho ngaphansi kwethu. Umuntu angakwazi ukuhlukanisa izimbali eziningana zezigidi, inkukhu - ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu.

Hemophillosis

Ngokuvamile i-hemophilia ezinkukhu ithwala ukubonakaliswa okufanayo njengokubandayo. Abalimi bezinkukhu ezikhukhulayo, ngenxa yokungakwazi kwabo, musa ukubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ku-coryza engalimazi, okungaholela ekufeni kwemfuyo yonke. Uma lesi sifo singavali ngesikhathi, akukho izinkukhu ezingaphezu kwama-30% ezizoqhubeka zisinda.

I-Hemophilosis yisifo esithathelwanayo, i-causative agent yayo i-Hemophilus gallinarum bacillus, engaba ngamanzi (izinyanga ezingu-7), enhlabathini noma enyangeni yezinkukhu (izinyanga ezingu-12).

Ukwelashwa kwezinyoni kwenzeka:

• kusuka komunye nomunye;
• ulethe ukugula ezweni langaphandle;
• ukulimaza;
• akukho-isikhathi, iziphuzo, abaphakeli, ama-perches angabuye abe umthombo wesifo;

Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi uthole ukuthi udinga yini ukukhulelwa kwezinkukhu, ukuzenzela abaphuza kanye nabanikazi bezinkukhu izinkukhu, indlela yokwenza izinkukhu.

• ukungondleki kwezinkukhu, ukuntuleka kwevithamini A.

I-Hemophilosis ibonakala kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukuqhaqhazela nokuthungela okungapheli;
• ukukhishwa kwe-mucus epholile emakhaleni;
• ukuphefumula kanzima ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamagundane emphunjini, kuqhuma;
• ukungahloniphi kubonakala entanyeni nasemaphakeni, ngenxa yokuqhuma njalo;
• Izinwele zezinyosi ezinamathele ndawonye ngenxa yokukhishwa kwegazi;
• ukuphelelwa yidla, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukukhathala kancane kancane kwenyoni;
• ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda noma ukulahlekelwa okuphelele;
• ikhefu lilahlekelwa umbala kanye nemisindo, isikhumba senyoni siphenduka;
• i-hypodermic puffiness yesifunda somlomo wesibeletho, amahlombe, inhloko yenkukhu iqala ukufana nenhloko ye-owl.

I-Hemophilosis inganqotshwa kuphela ngama-antibiotic anqunywe udokotela wezilwane. I-antibiotic ijojowe kule nyoni, kwezinye izimo iyongezwa emanzini. Amadayimenti ahlanzekile ahlanzwa ama-crusts amasha, ama-amehlo - avela ku-pus ngesisombululo se-tetracycline.

Kubalulekile! Ngokusakazeka okusheshayo kwalesi sifo, inyoni ehlolele ingaphansi kokuhlatshwa, futhi inempilo ibekwe eceleni, indlu igcwele ukucwiliswa.

Izifo ezithathelwanayo

Kunezimo lapho ukuvuvukala kweso ezinkukhu kuyisimiso esivumelanayo, okungukuthi, akusona uphawu oluzimele, kunezifo eziningi ezinjalo futhi kunzima ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Sinusitis

Isifo lapho i-mucosa yokuphefumula ivuvuka khona, ibangelwa izinambuzane ezilula kakhulu futhi ifaka izinkukhu zenyanga eyodwa ubudala.

With sinusitis, izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:

• sneezing;
• i-mucus evela emehlo nasemakhaleni;
• i-conjunctivitis;
• i-keratitis;
• i-eyeball atrophy;
• ukuxubha;
• ukuxosha okungenasici kwekhanda;
• ukwandisa ukukhula akugcinwa;
• ukungabi nesifiso, okuholela ekukhathaleni;
• Izimpaphe ekhanda zikhonjisiwe, zibheke njengezinhlanzi.

I-sinusitis ingazibonakalisa kanye nezinye izifo, futhi uma ingelapheki, ungalahlekelwa yi-70% yenani lezinyoni. Izinyoni ezigulayo zihlukanisiwe futhi ziphathwa ngama-antibiotic.

Ngo-1903, umhlali waseMelika, u-Andrew Jacksan, wabhaliswa ilungelo lobunikazi bokukhiqiza izibuko zezinkukhu. Lokhu kwakhiwa kwafakwa ekukhiqizeni futhi kwaba impumelelo eMelika.

Inkukhu yaseTyphus

Isifo esithathelwanayo esithintekayo esithinta izinkukhu ezineminyaka engu-5-9 ubudala. Lesi sifo yisikhathi esifudumele sonyaka, futhi izifo eziphilayo ziyi-bacterial Salmonella Gallinarum. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge-digestive tract yenyoni futhi isakaze yonke indawo ngosizo lwabantu nezilwane, kufinyelela ekusakazeni okungakaze kube khona.

Bheka futhi izifo eziyinhloko zezinkukhu. Thola ukuthi ama-hens aphethwe yini ebusika, yiziphi izifo zomlenze izinkukhu ezihluphekayo, indlela yokuphatha i-coccidiosis ezinkukhu, izibungu, isifo sohudo, ukuthi kungani izinkukhu ziwa ngezinyawo.

Izimpawu zesifo:

• umonakalo weso;
• ikhefu lezinyoni liba ngumbala obomvu;
• ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, ukubonakala kwamaqanda anamagobolondo anesibindi, amancane namaqhwa aphefumulayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kwamaqabunga;
• ubuthakathaka bezinyoni, ezibonakalisa ukunganaki nokulala komkhukhu;
• akukho nesifiso;
• udoti ngesimo sohudo nge-mucus.

Umkhuhlane we-typhoid - isifo esingaphulukiswa nge ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kumhlengikazi wezilwane nokuqala ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics. Uma uvumela lesi sifo ngokuzenzekelayo, ungalahlekelwa yi-25% yabantu.

Salmonellosis

Esinye sezifo ezinzima kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinkukhu, ngokuvamile ziba nomphumela obulalayo. Umuntu oye wajwayela i-salmonellosis uthola ushevu obunzima wokudla.

Umthombo we-salmonella yizinkukhu ezigula futhi zisinda, kodwa i-agent causative yesifo isetshenziselwa amaqanda ayo enye iminyaka emibili nengxenye.

I-agent ye-causative ye-salmonellosis igxilile kakhulu futhi ingalinda isikhathi eside ngokwanele sezimo ezihle ukuba zenzeke:

• inkukhu isithombo - kuze kube seminyaka emibili;
• izidumbu zezinyoni ezibandisiwe - kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu;
• phezu kwezindonga nephansi endlini - kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha;
• emhlabathini - kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-4.

Ukwelashwa kwezinkukhu kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu-10 ngamalungiselelo aqukethe ama-antibiotics.

I-Colibacteriosis

Isifo esifanayo phakathi kwezinkukhu, ezingasetshenziswa njengesifo esiyinhloko, futhi sihambisane nezifo.

Ekukhiqizeni izinkukhu zezinkukhu zama ukuxazulula inkinga yalesi sifo, kuhlanganise nayo imithi edingekayo, kepha kukhona into eyodwa ... i-colibacteria ivumelane nesenzo semithi elwa namagciwane kanti isidakamizwa kufanele sishintshwe.

I-Chlamydia

Isifo esingavamile kubazalwane bezinkukhu, kodwa kungenzeka, lokhu kusebenza kulawo makhaya lapho amadada agcinwa khona nezinkukhu. Izidakamizwa ezibhekene nezifo, kanye nama-pathogens, i-chlamydia, ziqukethe izidakamizwa.

Lapho izinyama zoma, abathwali besifo kanye nodaka, emoyeni, bangene emphefumulweni wenyoni enempilo. I-Chlamydia - izifo ezingase zenzeke (ukufa kuka 10-30%), futhi kungase kube yinkimbinkimbi (ukufa kungu-5%).

Ukuthola lesi sifo, lezi zibonakaliso ezilandelayo ziqine:

• amajwabu amazinyo;
• ukuxubha;
• kunzima, ukuphefumula okukhulu;
• ukuqubuka kokuhlukumezeka, ukubulawa komuntu.

I-Chlamydia yisifo esiyingozi kubantu, ngakho-ke, uma kutholakala lokhu kutholakala ezinyoni, akukona ukwelashwa, kufanele babhujiswe, futhi ezindlini zezinkukhu baphatha ukwelashwa okunamandla, lapho banakekela khona ngokukhethekile umquba wezinkukhu.

I-bronchitis esithathelwanayo

Isifo esithinta uhlelo lokuphefumula kanye nekhono lokuzala ezendatsheni. Lesi sifo sithinta izinkukhu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izinkukhu nezinkukhu ezine-bronchitis ezithathelwanayo, zona ziba ngumthombo wesifo izinyanga ezine.

Lesi sifo singenzeka nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, umthombo ungaba yinoma iyiphi into - yokusungula, izicathulo zabantu, ukulala.

Izimpawu zesifo zingasebenzisa izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• inyoni yokulala;
• ukuphefumula, okuhambisana nokushaya nokukhwehlela;
• ukubonakaliswa kwe-rhinitis ne-conjunctivitis ngesimo esibi;
• ukukhula kwezinkukhu kuyancipha; ukubeka izinkukhu akusekho amaqanda;
• ukulimala kwezinso ezinkukhu.

Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezilodwa noma ngaphezulu, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuxhumana nomchwepheshe okhetha kahle imithi yokwelapha kanye namalungiselelo adingekayo.

Laryngotracheitis

Isifo sehlobo sasehlobo nasekwindla ngesikhatsi sokutshala isikhathi sezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-12. Lesi sifo singaba kokubili esibucayi nesikhumba.

Ngendlela elula:

• i-rhinitis;
• ukunganakwa;
• izinkinga ngesifiso;
• Ukuphefumula kunzima, kuhambisane nokushaya imimoya nokushaya;
• ukukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela nokweqa;
• i-larynx ekhukhulayo, ibonakale ikhukhumeza;
• I-conjunctivitis esigabeni esinzima kakhulu, izinkukhu eziningi zihlala ziyimpumputhe.

Ifomu le-ultra-acute laryngotracheitis lingathinta zonke izinkukhu ngosuku olulodwa, lingabonakala ngezici ezilandelayo:

• ukuphefumula kanzima, kuhambisane nokuhlaselwa kokugubha, ukuqhuma;
• ikhanda elikhanda;
• ukukhwehlela ngokuphuma kwegazi;
• kwi-membrane ye-mucous ye-larynx - ukuphuma kwe-cheesy;
• ukuqedwa okuphelele kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda.

I-Laryngotracheitis ibhekwa njengesifo esingelapheki, kodwa kube khona amacala okwelashwa okuphumelelayo, kodwa lokhu kubangele abantu abadala kuphela. Uma lesi sifo sithinta izinkukhu ezineminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, ukwelashwa akusizi ngalutho, ngoba isistimu ye-urogenital ebuthakathaka iyathinteka.

Conjunctivitis

I-conjunctivitis yindlela inhlanhla yamehlo ephenduka ngayo. Isizathu singase sihlaselwe yizinyoni noma ukutholakala kwesifo esithathelwanayo.

Lapho i-conjunctivitis ibona izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukubomvu;
• amehlo enamehlo;
• ukuvela kwe-edema;
• ukubukeka kokukhishwa.

Lesi sifo singenzeka kokubili ngesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi (ngokubonakaliswa kwazo zonke izimpawu) nasesimweni esingapheli (izibonakaliso zicishe zingapheli). Ngenkambo ende yalesi sifo ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ama-bubbles avela ebusweni bekhulu lesithathu.

Kubalulekile! Ku-conjunctivitis yesifo esithathelwanayo, i-serous discharge ebusweni iyabonakala, futhi ukuphuma kwe-purulent kuveza uhlobo lwebhaktheriya yesifo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-conjunctivitis kuxhomeke ikakhulukazi lapho lesi sifo sitholakale khona, kusiphi isigaba. Esikhathini sokuqala, kwanele ukugeza amehlo nge-chamomile noma eqinile ukumnika itiye nokulinganisela ukudla okunenyoni. Ezimweni ezihambile, ama-antibiotic ayadingeka.

I-Xerophthalmia

Izifo ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwevithamini A emzimbeni.

Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo yilokhu:

• i-cornea eyomile;
• amehlo avuvuka;
• izinyembezi zezinyembezi ziyeke ukusebenza.

Ukwelashwa kwe-xerophthalmia kuyinto elula - ukucebisa ukudla kwezinkukhu ezinamavithamini A.

I-Marek

Isifo sikaMarek yisifo segciwane esivame ukuhlasela izinkukhu, sithinta isimiso sezinzwa zezinyoni nezitho zombono.

Isibonakaliso esivelele salesi sifo singumgogodla womfundi.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaMarek akukwenziwa, inyoni egulayo kufanele ibhujiswe. Ukugonywa kwezinkukhu ngosuku lokuqala lokuphila kungasetshenziswa njengesisindo sokuvimbela lesi sifo; inyoni endala ayifuni.

Ukulimala kwama-mechanical noma ukulahlekelwa kwekhulu

Ukulimala kwamagciwane ezinkukhu kubonakala ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyilwa endlini ekhukhu, ukuqhuma okungaphumeleli kusuka ekukhuleni, ukushayisana ngengozi ngento.

Uma kwenzeka ukulimala, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuvimbela inqubo yokuvuvukala. Uma into yangaphandle isalokhu isilonda - itholakala ngaphandle, futhi isilonda sihlanjululwa nge-chlorhexidine noma amaconsi eso ahlolwe nge-vitamin A.

I-Mycoplasmosis

I-Mycoplasmosis iyinkimbinkimbi ebangelwa ukushisa, ethinta bonke abantu kungakhathaliseki ubudala.

Izimpawu ezilandelayo ziphawula:

• ubomvu nokuvuvukala kwamehlo;
• ikhala eligijima;
• ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ukwelashwa kunqunywe umchwepheshe ozokwazi ukunquma ngokunembile inkambo yesifo bese ukhetha ngokuqondile imithi yokwelapha yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, inkambo yokwelapha ngeke ithathe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu, ngezimo ezingathandeki - izinkukhu zihlatshwa.

Izidumbu

Isimo se-tumor ezinkukhu asikaziwa, izimbangela zenzeke zihlukile: ukuthunga emakamelweni, iziklomelo noma uphawu oluhambisana nesifo esithathelwanayo.

Uma kutholakala isisu:

• iso elithintekile liba nomlilo;
• Umbono wehla;
• isikhumba esizungezile iso siba mncane.

Uma ukuvuvukala kungafinyeleleki usayizi owesabekayo - zama ukulungisa ukudla, kuhlanganise kuwo imikhiqizo equkethe amavithamini A no D. Akuyona into engavamile uma ukuvuvukala kuyisibonakaliso sokuntuleka kwalezi zakhi emzimbeni.

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ezimweni lapho isisu singesifo esizimele. Emva kokuhlinzwa, inkukhu iphathwa nge-nitrate yesiliva bese ihlanzwa ngesisombululo se-boric acid. Isikhathi nenani lokucubungula libeka i-veterinarian.

I-Panophthalmitis

I-Panophthalmitis ingumgogodla wokuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo uzalwa kabusha kwesinye isifo.

Izimpawu zalo ziyi:

• iris iphenduka, i-bluish tinge;
• i-cornea iyawa;
• ukubukeka kwegazi.

Uma le nyoni ingelashwa, iyoba yimpumputhe. Udokotela wezilwane uzohlinzekela ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, lapho kusetshenziselwa khona amanxeba amaningi okulwa nokuvuvukala, ama-antibiotic futhi amehlo ahlanzwa ngezixazululo ezikhethekile.

Izizathu zokuthi amehlo ezinkukhu zivuthayo ziningi kakhulu, kodwa ukuvimbela izifo eziningi, imithetho eminingana kumele ibonwe:

Ukuhlanza ngesikhathi esifanayo endlini nokusetshenziswa kwama-disinfectants.

Ukudla okunempilo kwezinkukhu. Imikhiqizo enjengemifino, izaqathe, amafutha wezinhlanzi namaqanda amaqanda omusha kufanele afakwe ekudleni kwezinkukhu.

3. Izindlu ezihlukene zezinkukhu ezinkukhu kanye nezinkukhu.