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Amakhowe

Yiziphi amakhowe akhula esifundeni saseVoronezh

Amakhowe ayizinto eziwusizo eziqukethe amavithamini amaningi, ama-microelements nama-amino acids abalulekile. Esigodini saseVoronezh, esisezindaweni zehlathi, ungathola izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 zama-mushroom ahlukahlukene. Kodwa, enolwazi olwanele, kulula ukwenza iphutha futhi liphazamise isampula "esibi," kunokuba kubangele umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni. Ukuze sigweme lokhu, ake sihlolisise amakhowe akhula kule ndawo.

Amakhomikhali adlayo futhi ajwayelekile

Izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 zamakhowe ezidliwayo zikhula esifundeni. Ngaphezu kwazo, kunezinhlobo ezidliwayo ezidliwa ngokomzimba, ezingadliwa kuphela emva kokwelashwa okushisayo okukhulu. Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamakhowe ezidliwayo nezondlekile.

Amakhowe amhlophe

Zijwayele ngezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezizuzisayo ze-porcini amakhowe, futhi ufunde ukulungiselela amakhowe ama-porcini ebusika.

  • Amanye amagama: I-Boletus, i-Boletus edulis.
  • I-Hat: ubisi obumnyama obukhanyayo, obuhlaza noma obubhakabhaka, ububanzi obufinyelela ku-20 cm. Umkhumbi we-tubular ulula, kamuva uphenduka obomvu bese uphenduka obomvu.
  • Umlenze: eliqinile, elimnyama, elincane, elimhlophe, elifinyelela ku-5 cm ububanzi.
  • I-Pulp: dense, ayifuni kumnyama.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: July - Novemba.
  • Indawo: ihlathi elimnyama, i-spruce elimnyama, i-moss emhlophe phakathi kwe-boron eyomile.
  • Ukupheka: noma iyiphi indlela yokucubungula.

Kubalulekile! Ukuhlela ukuqoqa amakhowe, akufanele uthembele kuphela kolwazi lwamaqiniso. Okokuqala kungcono ukujoyina abaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi, okungafunda kuzo zonke izici nokucabangela kokuzingela "okuthulile" kule ndawo ethile. Ungalimazi impilo yakho, futhi uma usola ukuthi unobuthi, masinyane ufune usizo lwezokwelapha.

Veselka evamile

  • Amanye amagama: i-phallus engavamile, i-morel iphunga, i-Phallus impudicus.
  • Umzimba wezithelo: i-spherical noma i-ovoid, i-light or pink-violet, kuze kube ngu-5 cm usayizi, iresiphi ekhula kamuva iphula umzimba zibe izingxenye eziningana, futhi ihlala phansi njenge-volvo.
  • Iresiphi: i-spongy, i-spongy, engavamile, ngokuvamile iyancipha kancane kancane, ukuphakama kwe-10-23 cm, ububanzi buka-2-4 cm. Phezulu kukhona i-sple gleb ngesimo se-conical-convex cap 4-5 cm ububanzi no-2-4 cm ububanzi, elimbozwe ngobuningi obukhulu obuhlaza obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nephunga lenyama ebolile, phezulu - i-disk enesisindo esinomgodi ophakathi.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: Juni - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: emahlathini amanzi nakwezinye izindawo.
  • Ukupheka: Fry esiteji spherical, ngemuva kokukhipha i-mucus negobolondo.

I-Oyster mushroom

  • Amanye amagama: i-oyster mushroom, i-Pleurotus ostreatus.
  • I-Hat: ifomu elinezintambo ezihlotshiswe endlebeni, egobile phansi emaphethelweni, umbala ompunga, ngezansi - amapuleti akhanyayo, ububanzi - kufika ku-12 cm.
  • Umlenze: esinyene, emhlophe, e-cylindrical, eqinile, enobubanzi buka-1-2 cm.
  • I-Pulp: emhlophe, emanzini, ayishintshi ngesikhathi sokusika, ngephunga elibonakalayo.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: NgoMashi - ngo-Ephreli no-Okthoba - Novemba, kwenzeka ebusika.
  • Indawo: amahlumela amancane anamaqabunga e-coniferous and deciduous.
  • Ukupheka: zonke izindlela zokucubungula, imilenze ayisebenzisi.
Sincoma ukuthi sijwayelane nezindlela zokutshala amakhowe ama-oyster ekhaya ngezikhwama, kanye nezindlela zokubanda kanye nokomisa amakhowe ama-oyster.

I-Oyster Horn

  • Amanye amagama: I-Oyster mushroom eningi kakhulu, i-Pleurotus cornucopiae.
  • I-Hat: i-concave noma imicu efana nemigodi, i-wavy neyephukile, ukhilimu noma umbala o-brown.
  • Umlenze: indawo ekhonjiwe, egobile, enomzimba ophansi, emthunzini omhlophe noma oche.
  • I-Pulp: emhlophe, enhle kakhulu, ephunga i-mealy nephunga elimnandi.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: May - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: izintaba nezintaba zezikhukhula, uthanda i-hornbeam, i-beech, elm, i-oak.
  • Ukupheka: esanda kulungiselelwa (ukupheka, gazinga) nokudoba.
Ukuthanda ukuzingela okuthulile kuyoba usizo ukufunda ukuthi lezi amakhowe ezidliwayo zibukeka kanjani njengezinyosi ezincane, i-giant govorushka, i-dubovik ejwayelekile, i-boletus, i-volnushka, igajethi, i-squeegee, i-volnushka, i-sandpiper, i-mokruha, i-meadow meadow, i-boletus, i-pig, i-earthy, emhlophe nephuzi - umugqa ogqamile.

I-Pink Wolf

  • Amanye amagama: Volzhanka, Volnyanka, Lactarius tormmosus.
  • I-Hat: i-pink enemibala ekhanyayo ecacile, emaphethelweni - enamandla kakhulu, e-shaggy, silky, ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm. Amapulethi - umbala wobisi obuncibilikile, ukucindezela kunika ijusi elikhanyayo elibukhali.
  • Umlenze: elibomvu, elibushelelezi, elikhanyayo, elingenalutho, elilingana no-2 cm no-5-7 cm.
  • I-Pulp: obukhulu, obukhanyayo, eningi ujusi omuncu onambitheka obukhali.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: ekupheleni kuka-Agasti-Septemba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi ase-coniferous asemanzi ajulile nemanzi amaqabunga nezinaliti.
  • Ukupheka: noma iyiphi indlela yokucubungula, kodwa ngemva kokuhamba phambili.

Umkhulumeli wezinsiza

  • Amanye amagama: Okumnandi, i-Clitocybe gibba.
  • I-Hat: i-brown, ngezinye izikhathi ephuzi, efana nomngcele, ububanzi - 4-20 cm. Amacwecwe ama-Whitish noma aphuzi kancane awela phansi.
  • Umlenze: ukukhanya, ukushicilela kancane, ukuthuthumela, ububanzi - kuze kufike ku-0.5 cm, okwedlulele phansi.
  • I-Pulp: i-fibrous, akukho ukunambitheka okukhulunywa ngakho.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: ingxenye yesibili yehlobo no-Okthoba.
  • Indawo: i-coniferous-deciduous ne-coniferous ehlathini, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-beeches, uphondo, amapayipi, ama-oki.
  • Ukupheka: okuhle ku-salting nokupheka - okuphekiwe nokuthosiwe.

Umlomo omnyama

  • Amanye amagama: umnqumo omnyama, omnyama, i-Lactarius necator.
  • I-Hat: obumnyama obumnyama, cishe obumnyama, obunemibuthano elula, ububanzi - kufika ku-15 cm, emaphethelweni ahlanganisiwe, mohrist. Amacwecwe amancane, ajwayelekile, aphuzi-aluhlaza, wehla emlenzeni.
  • Umlenze: obukhulu, obungenalutho, obuhlaza obumnyama, ububanzi obufinyelela ku-2 cm.
  • I-Pulp: obunzima, ubisi obumhlophe obomvu bubonakala ku-cut and ngokushesha buba mnandi-obomvu.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: ekupheleni kuka-Agasti-Okthoba.
  • Indawo: zonke izinhlobo zehlathi, njenge-fir grove enamandla.
  • Ukupheka: Fry, simmer, pickle, ukhukhunathi, ngaphambi kokukhipha ngokucophelela futhi ugibele emanzini usuku.
Thola ukuthi ungadla amakhowe amnyama amakhowe, nokuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani amakhowe wangempela kusuka kumanga.

I-Dubovik umnquma omnyama

  • Amanye amagama: I-Dubovik evamile, i-Subdue, i-Boletus luridus.
  • I-Hat: nxazonke, ezibushelelezi, ezinamafutha, e-velvet, ezimnyama noma ezinomnqumo-omnyama, ekugcineni ziphenduka zibe nsundu, ziphendukele okwesibhakabhaka endaweni yokucindezela.
  • Umlenze: i-yellowish-orange nephethini elimnyama, ekhula phansi, ukuphakama - 7-15 cm, ububanzi - 2-6 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ophuzi, obomvu phansi, ephenduka okwesibhakabhaka ngesikhathi sokuphuka noma ukusika, iphunga elimnandi.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: July - September.
  • Indawo: emahlathini emigodini.
  • Ukupheka: izinhlobo ezidliwayo ezidliwayo, emva kokupheka kwemizuzu engu-15 kungenziwa okuthosiwe, okuqoshiwe; isomile.

Uyazi? I-Plasmodium, noma i-slezevik - enye yamakhowe angavamile kakhulu emhlabeni. Unamandla okuhamba ngesivinini esingamamentimitha amabili ngehora! I-slezovik ingakwazi ukukhuphuka ngokuphelele isihlahla somuthi noma phezulu kwesigamu bese ukhululekile lapho.

I-mushroom ebusika

  • Amanye amagama: ubusika obusika obusika, uFlammulina velutipes.
  • I-Hat: flat, shiny, slimy, yellow-brown, emnyama phakathi nendawo, ububanzi - 2-8 cm. Amapulangwe aphuzi noma ama-cream akhula emlenzeni.
  • Umlenze: ubumnyama, velvety, kancane lighter ngaphansi cap, ububanzi - 0.5-0.7 cm nokuphakama - 3-10 cm.
  • I-Pulp: amanzi, aphuzi, amnandi ama-mushroom flavour.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: enye yakamuva, ivela ekupheleni kwekwindla ngaphambi kweqhwa.
  • Indawo: ezihlahleni ezinamanzi, ezilahlekile zezihlahla ezinqabile.
  • Ukupheka: ubilise, gazinga, usawoti, i-pickle.

Amakhowe we-Chestnut

  • Amanye amagama: i-chestnut tree, i-Gyroporus castaneus.
  • I-Hat: i-semicircular, later flat, ngezinye izikhathi enomngcele ogobile, obunzima, obunamafutha, owomile, obumnandi, obomvu noma obunundu obomvu, ububanzi obungama-4-9 cm.
  • Umlenze: engacacile, ekhanda kancane, enombala noma obala, ukuphakama - 4-6 cm nobubanzi - 1-2.5 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ezincane, ezikhanyayo, ezithokozayo izithelo iphunga.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: July - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi acwebile-coniferous and deciduous, oak-pine plantings.
  • Ukupheka: ama-pickle, ama-roasts, amasobho; isomile.

Chanterelle wangempela

  • Amanye amagama: Chanterelle, uCantharellus cibarius.
  • I-Hat: i-convex, i-lateral-shaped-edge, i-wavy edge, i-yellow or ocher, ububanzi-kufika ku-6 cm. Amacwecwe - ayengavamile, wehla kude eduze kwesiqu.
  • Umlenze: elibushelelezi, elincane phansi, umbala we-cap.
  • I-Pulp: obukhulu, obukhulu, obumhlophe, obuhle.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: yonke ihlobo, amagagasi avela ngisho nesikhathi esomile.
  • Indawo: ama-coniferous namahlathi ahlanganisiwe,
  • Ukupheka: othosiwe, oqhwabe ukuze asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo, usawoti.
Kuzokusiza ukuba ufunde mayelana nokuthi ama-chanterelles akhula kanjani nokuthi ungatholi kanjani amakhowe angamanga, ukuthi awusizo kanjani, nokuthi ungabhala kanjani futhi uhambise ama-chanterelles ekhaya.

Kwangathi ungamakhowe

  • Amanye amagama: Kwangathi ungabuka, uCalocybe gambosa.
  • I-Hat: ukukhanya, ukuxhuma, ukuhamba phansi, ukugcoba ngamaphethelo we-wavy, ukuchoboza, ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm. Amacwecwe ahlanzekile noma ahlanzekile, avame ukuhambisana nomlenze.
  • Umlenze: obukhulu, obufubeni, obuphuzi noma ukhilimu, ububanzi - kufika ku-3 cm.
  • I-Pulp: obukhulu, obumhlophe, obukhulu.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: May - Juni.
  • Indawo: ihlathi eliqhakazile, izindawo ezivulekile ezakhiweni, ezinqolobaneni nasemapulazini.
  • Ukupheka: isobho nokugcoba, ku-billet ebusika akahambanga.

I-oiler ene-granular

  • Amanye amagama: Ibhotela lokuqala, i-Suillus granulatus.
  • I-Hat: ukujikeleza, ukuguqulwa noma ukuhlambalaza, okwesibhakabhaka, okwesibhakabhaka noma okubomvu, obomvu okubomvu umbala, kuze kube ngu-8 cm ububanzi.
  • Umlenze: ukukhanya, ukuhlunga, ukukhululeka, akukho indandatho, ububanzi - 1-2 cm.
  • I-Pulp: obukhulu, obumhlophe noma obuphuzi kancane.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: maphakathi noJuni - Okthoba, eqoqwe ekuseni kakhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi sakusihlwa kakade badmy.
  • Indawo: ama-coniferous namahlathi ahlanganisiwe, amahlathi omkhathi ngokuvamile aomile.
  • Ukupheka: enye yama-mushroom ahle kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene.

Moss Fissured

  • Amanye amagama: I-Mohovikov ebomvu, i-Xerocomus chrysenteron.
  • I-Hat: i-convex, ijikeleze, isakazeka ngeminyaka yobudala, inqwaba, inyama, i-ocher-umnqumo, i-orangish ibe yisundu, i-mottled, i-velvety, kamuva ihamba ze, iyomile futhi iyincipha, ububanzi - 3-10 cm
  • Umlenze: obukhulu, obomvu, obuphuzi noma obuhlaza, obomvu ngezansi, kwenzeka ngezintambo ezibomvu, ukuphakama - 3-6 cm nobubanzi - 1-2 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ukukhanya, okubomvu ngaphansi kwesikhumba, iphunga elimnandi elimnandi, kancane kancane liphenduka okwesibhakabhaka phezu kokusika noma ukuphuka.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: Juni - Septemba
  • Indawo: yonke indawo, emahlathini ephayini, ama-oki namahlathi e-poplar, ama-willows.
  • Ukupheka: ukupheka, gazinga, u-pickle.

Uyazi? Phakathi kwamakhowe kukhona izidalwa zangempela, kanti omdala kunabo bonke batholakala engxenyeni ye-amber, okuyiminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyikhulu ubudala. Ngandlela-thile, kungekudala kakhulu kunamakhodi amaningi emimayini yaseKyrgyzstan - izidumbu eziyingozi ezithumela izifo. Ochwepheshe baye bahlakaza izimayini zezinhlamvu zefungi ezidliwayo ezidla ama-nematodes, futhi namuhla cishe zikhohlwe ngale nkinga.

I-Meadow meadow

  • Amanye amagama: isitshalo sesitshalo, insimu utshani, uMarasmius oreades.
  • I-Hat: I-brown-brown noma i-ocher-brown, ekuqaleni i-convex, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngesimo sevulethi ene-patina emhlophe, imiphetho engalingani, ububanzi - kufika ku-4-5 cm.
  • Umlenze: kancane ophuzi, omncane, ephansi, ephukile kalula.
  • I-Pulp: amanzi, aphuzi, amnandi ama-alimondi.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: kusukela ngoMeyi-Juni kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
  • Indawo: amadlelo, amasimu, emikhondweni enyathelisiwe.
  • Ukupheka: ukupheka, gazinga, ukhukhamba, owomile; ukunambitheka okumnandi, imilenze ayisebenzisi.
Amakhomikhali azokuthakazelisa ukufunda ukuthi amakhowe adliwa yini futhi anobuthi, amakhowe akhona adla kanjani ekwindla naseMeyi, futhi afunde ukuhlola amakhowe ukuze aqiniseke ngezindlela ezithandwayo.

I-honeycomb yase-Autumn

  • Amanye amagama: i-honeycomb yangempela, i-Armillaria mellea.
  • I-Hat: i-convex, umbala - kusuka enhlabathini enobunqunu enezilinganiso eziphakathi nendawo eziphansi futhi ezilula, ububanzi - kufika ku-8 cm. Uma uneminyaka yobudala, obomvu, obomvu, ongenasilinganiso.
  • Umlenze: okuncane, ukusibeka, ngendandatho, ukukhanya kune-cap, emnyama ngaphansi kwekoloni ehlonyelwe.
  • I-Pulp: i-dense, i-fibrous, ihlanzekile, iphunga elimnandi lama-mushroom nenambitha.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba ama-frost.
  • Indawo: kwi-stumps yezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla, ikakhulukazi kwi-birch.
  • Ukupheka: ukupheka, gazinga, ukhukhamba, usawoti; imilenze ayisebenzisi.

I-Boletus

  • Amanye amagama: mayelana nomnyama, u-Leccinum scabrum.
  • I-Hat: i-hemispherical, i-gray grey, nephethini, kuze kube ngu-12 cm ububanzi, nge-undercoat emhlophe.
  • Umlenze: esinyene, emhlophe, ngezikali ezimnyama, elula ngaphansi, ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm.
  • I-Pulp: i-dense, emhlophe, i-spongy underfur, iphenduka i-gray ngebudala.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: May - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathini abe khona kwe-birch.
  • Ukupheka: okuhle ku-hot, marinade, isobho; isomile.

Aspen Oakwood

  • Amanye amagama: i-oak ebomvu, i-oak ejwayelekile, i-Leccinum quercinum.
  • I-Hat: ngesimo se-hemisphere, i-brownish noma i-orangish, ububanzi - 6-16 cm.
  • Umlenze: kancane kancane esisekelweni, enesundu noma enesundu, ngokuvamile ephethe izikali, ukuphakama - 8-15 cm.
  • I-Pulp: likhulu kakhulu, licwebekile ngamabala obuhlaza noma obuhlaza, amnyama ekuqotheni noma ekusika.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: Agasti - Septemba
  • Indawo: emahlathini lapho kukhona khona ama-oki.
  • Sebenzisa: noma iyiphi indlela yokucubungula.
Zazi ngokwakho nabameleli abajwayelekile bezinhlobo ze-aspen, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungabona kanjani ama-boletus amanga.

Okukhona okuningi

  • Amanye amagama: morel, morchella esculenta.
  • I-Hat: i-ovoid, emdaka noma emsundu, iselula, ububanzi - 5-6 cm, emaphethelweni ahlangene nesigamu.
  • Umlenze: okubuthakathaka, okufushane, okungenalutho, okukhanya kunekhanda, ububanzi - 2-3 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ukukhanya, isibhakabhaka, iphunga lama-mushroom, ukunambitheka okumnandi.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
  • Indawo: emaphethelweni aseziqhingini ezimanzi, ezindaweni zokudala zokugaya nokubola.
  • Ukupheka: pheka fresh, ubilise kahle, unomuthi oveziwe we-mushroom ukunambitheka.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ukuthi zikhulela kuphi nokuthi ungaphika ama-morels angadliwayo, kanye nokwahlukana phakathi kwamakhowe amaningi kanye nomugqa.

Isikrini esiningi

  • Amanye amagama: I-Morel emnene, iVerpa bohemica.
  • I-Hat: i-wrinkled, velvety, brown, kuze kube ngu-3 cm ububanzi, ihlezi ngokukhululekile emlenzeni, emaphethelweni angajoyina umlenze.
  • Umlenze: ezimhlophe ngezinhlamvu ezincane ezibomvu, ezingenalutho, ezenezelwe phezulu, phezulu, kufika ku-15 cm.
  • I-Pulp: mncane, obuthakathaka, obunamafutha, ngephunga elibonakalayo lokudaka.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: April - May.
  • Indawo: phakathi kwamahlathi, ama-glades kanye nemiphetho ye-aspen, ama-birch namahlathi e-poplar.
  • Ukupheka: buka isimo esidliwayo, sebenzisa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokupheka imizuzu engu-10-15 (uthele umhluzi!).

I-Pine ibomvu

  • Amanye amagama: Lactarius deliciosus.
  • I-Hat: i-convex noma i-funnel, ebomvu-pink enembuthano emnyama, 5-15 cm ububanzi.
  • Umlenze: okungaqondakali, ukugxila phansi, i-fossa kuphela.
  • I-Pulp: obukhulu, obuphuzi-orange, ekusikeni ngokushesha kuphenduka uhlaza.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: I-Midsummer - ekupheleni kwekwindla.
  • Indawo: i-spruce namahlathi ahlanganisiwe, ihlathi elimile.
  • Ukupheka: esanda kulungiswa - ukupheka, gazinga; okuhle ku-salting.

Champignon ejwayelekile

  • Amanye amagama: I-Pepperica, i-Agaricus campestris.
  • I-Hat: elimhlophe, liza nezikali ezibomvu, i-convex, kamuva - ngesimo sevulethi, ububanzi - kufika ku-15 cm. Amapulethi - amhlophe, avulekile, aphindaphindiwe, abuye abe mnyama.
  • Umlenze: esingenalutho, phakathi nendandatho emhlophe emhlophe, kuze kube ngu-10 cm ukuphakama, kufika ku-2 cm ububanzi.
  • I-Pulp: emhlophe, i-pinking, iphunga ngokujabulisayo.
  • Isikhathi sokuqoqa: May - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amadlelo, amadlelo, amapaki, izivande, ama-grove, izikwele.
  • Ukupheka: okuhle ku-hot, marinade, isobho; isomile.
Thola ukuthi yimaphi ama-mushroom ama-mushroom ayenayo, indlela yokuhlanza ama-mushroom ngendlela efanele, futhi ujwayele ubuchwepheshe be-champignon ukulima ekhaya.

Kubalulekile! Ama-mushroom akufanele asetshenziswe abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation, kanye nezingane ezincane. Ngisho nezinkukhu ezidliwayo ezinhle zingaba nzima kakhulu futhi zidale izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.

Inedible, amakhowe anobuthi

Ngaphandle kwamakhowe adlekayo futhi ayenziwe ngokomzimba, izinhlobo ezingenakuthola nezinhlobo ezinobuthi zitholakala esifundeni saseVoronezh. Amakhomikhali angabonakali ukuthi, ngenkathi engeyona enobuthi, ngesizathu esithile awasetshenziswanga ukudla. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokunambitheka, iphunga noma isakhiwo esinzima.

I-toxic yilawo amakhowe, ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekudleni okubangelwa ubuthi. Nalezi zinhlobo zamakhowe kumele omunye aqaphele futhi, ukuze agweme iphutha elibulalayo, umuntu kufanele afunde kahle ukuhlukanisa nezilwane ezifanayo ezidliwayo.

I-grebe yama-Pale

  • Amanye amagama: U-Amanita oluhlaza, u-amanita omhlophe, u-Amanita phalloides.
  • I-Hat: i-bell-shaped, kamuva nge-sambulela, emhlophe noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngezinye izikhathi i-gray. Amapuleti avamile namhlophe.
  • Umlenze: nge-vagin elimhlophe, ukuqina okuphansi kwe-tuberous, ukuphakama - kuze kufike ku-10 cm, indandatho emhlophe eboshwe ngezingubo ezilenga phansi.
  • I-Pulp: elimhlophe, elibucayi, iphunga elimnandi.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: July - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi anqabile kanye ne-coniferous-deciduous, athanda ukuhlala ngaphansi kwama-oki, ama-birches, ama-lindens.

Amanani amanga

  • Amanye amagama: I-hebeloma egcwele, i-mushroom e-horseradish, i-Hebeloma crustuliniforme.
  • I-Hat: eqinile, i-convex, i-crack later, i-brown ekhanyayo eneziko eliphuzi, elimnyama, ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm. Amapulangwe amakhulu, amakhulu, ama-brownish anezindawo ezimnyama.
  • Umlenze: eqinile, engacacile, emhlophe noma ukhilimu, eyenzeka ngendwangu yesilinganiso esikhanyayo, kuze kufike ku-7 cm ubude, ijusi elimhlophe alisho.
  • I-Pulp: ukucwebezela nge-tinge e-creamy, ukunambitheka okubabayo, iphunga elibukhali le-horseradish noma isithombo sebolile.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: Agasti - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: ukuvula amahlathi, amahlathi.

I-Fiber Patuiara

  • Amanye amagama: i-fibrin blushing, i-Inocybe patouillardii.
  • I-Hat: i-cap-shaped, kamuva ngesimo sesambulela esinesifo esiphambanisayo, umbala wensimbi uphenduka obomvu ngaphezu kwesikhathi. Amacwecwe asemhlophe, avamile, asekhulile, ashubile ngobudala.
  • Umlenze: ophuzi, kancane ukuvuvukala phansi, ububanzi - 0.5-1 cm, ukuphakama - kufika ku-7-8 cm.
  • I-Pulp: iphunga elibi elibi elibi kakhulu.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: ekwindla
  • Indawo: ukutshala nokuxuba okuxubekile.

Govorushka waxhuma

  • Amanye amagama: Govorushka greyish, Clitocybe cerussata.
  • I-Hat: i-white, i-convex, i-concave ezayo, enomphetho ovulekile, kune-tubercle ephakathi kanye nezimbulunga ezigxile, ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm. Okumnyama, ukhilimu, amapulethi aphuzi.
  • Umlenze: i-white, i-fibrous, ne-fuzz epholile, isisekelo siqina, ubude - 2-4 cm, ububanzi - kufika ku-1.5 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ukukhanya, akukhiqizi ijusi elimnandi.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: ihlobo likwindla.
  • Indawo: ama-coniferous namahlathi ahlanganisiwe, i-glades evulekile yamahlathi.

Bleached govorushka

  • Amanye amagama: okhulumayo, okhulumela imbuzi, uClitocybe dealbata.
  • I-Hat: i-convex, i-edge edge, kamuva iwa ngobuso, ibe yipulazi noma i-concave, evame ukuhamba nge-wavy, emhlophe noma i-grayish, e-mature, e-mealy patina, ephakeme-2-6 cm.
  • Umlenze: i-white noma i-gray, i-nut spots ingxenye, iqinile, kamuva-engenalutho, ikhanya uma icindezelwe.
  • I-Pulp: elastic, fibrous, thin, mealy, emhlophe, ngephunga le-powdery nokunambitheka okungaqondakali.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: maphakathi noJulayi - Novemba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi ahlambulukile, amahlathi, amadlelo, amadlelo, amapaki.

Isibungu se-leaf-red

  • Amanye amagama: Isithandwa somswakama-sulfur-yellow, Hypholoma fasciculare.
  • I-Hat: ukuwa ngobuso, ubuphuzi obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obuphuzi obuhlaza, obumnyama phakathi, ububanzi - 2-5 cm. Amacwecwe ajwayelekile, asekhulile, aphuzi okwephuzi noma umnqumo, obumnyama kuya obunundu.
  • Umlenze: mncane, ungenalutho, ophuzi, ubude - kufika ku-10 cm, ububanzi - kufika ku-0.5 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ophuzi, obukhali, obubabayo, ukunambitheka kuyanyamalala lapho kubilisiwe.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: September - Novemba.
  • Indawo: ekuhlahleni izinkuni zezihlahla ze-coniferous neziqhumayo.

Uyazi? I-Japanese shiitake mushroom yiyona ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi izakhiwo zayo eziyigugu zisetshenziselwa ngokugcwele ezenzweni ze-cosmetology. Ukujula ngokujulile isikhumba, i-mushroom ikhiphe isondla isikhumba futhi ithuthukise ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2002, u-Yves Rocher wakhipha uhlu olukhethekile lokulwa nokuguga olususelwe ekutheni ama-mushroom ase-shiitake amakhotsheni - "I-Serum Vegetal de Shiitake ".

Amanita Panther

  • Amanye amagama: Amanita grey, Amanita pantherina.
  • I-Hat: i-bell efana ne-tubercle ephakathi, isikhathi sithatha isicwebezelayo, sinobukhulu obubomvu noma omnqumo obunobuningi obunamacici amhlophe. Amacwecwe amhlophe, mahhala.
  • Umlenze: umzimba omncane, ongenalutho, obomhlophe, obhujulisiwe ngesibhakabhaka ngezansi, ngegciwane lesisindo, esungezwe umgqomo ocacile, u-6-12 cm ubude, kuze kube ngu-1.5 cm ubukhulu. Indandatho emhlophe, emincane eyanyamalala kuma-specimens amadala.
  • I-Pulp: ipholile, iphunga alijabulisi, alimazi ngekhefu.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: July - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: ixube, i-coniferous, amahlathi e-birch, emahlathini asomile nasemaphethelweni emifula.
Sincoma ukufunda mayelana nengozi yama-mushroom we-panther, ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-amanitas zibukeka kanjani, futhi yiziphi izinto eziwusizo ama-amanita anayo.

I-Spiderweb iphoqa

  • Amanye amagama: Intaba ye-Mountain Spider, i-Orange Red Spider Web, i-Cortinarius orellanus.
  • I-Hat: i-hemispherical, i-flat flat, i-tubercle encane enkabeni, eyomile, epholile ngezikali ezincane, i-orange noma ibomvu-ububanzi, ububanzi - 3-8.5 cm.
  • Umlenze: elincanyana, elingahlanganiswa, eliluhlaza, eliphuzi eliphuzi.
  • I-Pulp: ophuzi, hhayi iphunga eliqinile lesithombo.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: midsummer - ekwindla.
  • Indawo: amahlathi ahlukumezekile, okungajwayelekile ukuthi i-coniferous.

Ingulube

  • Amanye amagama: ingulube, izinkomo, i-Paxillus influenut.
  • I-Hat: i-shade, i-velvety, i-terry emaphethelweni, i-beige noma i-yellow, ububanzi - ububanzi buka-6-12 cm.
  • Umlenze: obukhulu, umbala we-cap, ubude - kufika ku-8 cm, ububanzi - kufika ku-1.5 cm.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: Juni - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi e-coniferous namaxube, i-birch encane, i-oki kanye nezihlahla, emifuleni, emaphethelweni ehlathi.

Izitshalo eziphazamisayo

  • Amanye amagama: i-russula caustic, i-Russula emetica.
  • I-Hat: shiny, convex, egugile ubudala, kamuva ecindezelekile futhi ekhuphukile, emaphethelweni, enomswakama - okunamathelayo, kusuka emakhaleni okubomvu kuya ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo ngokukhanya noma ama-ocher izindawo, ububanzi - 5-9 cm.
  • Umlenze: ezincane, ezinamandla, ngemibimbi emihle, ezimhlophe, kamuva ziphenduka ophuzi.
  • I-Pulp: spongy, humid, kancane iphunga izithelo, pepper ukunambitheka, kamuva turning pink noma obomvu.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: July - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi anamanzi anamanzi, ama-peatlands, amaxhaphozi.

Spring entrophe

  • Amanye amagama: Spring Rose Plate, i-Entoloma vernum.
  • I-Hat: i-half-down, ngesimo se-cone, evame ukuhamba ngesibhakabhaka esivela phakathi kwe-gray-brown kuya cishe emnyama ngomnqumo, ububanzi - 2-5 cm.
  • Umlenze: i-fibrous, i-cap-colored futhi ilula, idlulile phansi, ubude - 3-8 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ukukhanya, kungekho ukunambitheka okucacile noma iphunga.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: May - Juni.
  • Indawo: ehlathini eliqhakazile, amahlathi angabonakali - ama-coniferous.

I-mushroom ebomvu i-Ginger

  • Amanye amagama: i-piperica ephuzi ephuzi, i-Agaricus xanthodermus.
  • I-Hat: i-ovate, i-silky, emhlophe, ifakwe kahle. Amacwecwe ayingqayizivele, emhlophe noma emhlophe ekhanyayo, emva kwalokho agubha emnyama.
  • Umlenze: kancane ukuvuvukala phansi, nge-ring double nezilinganiso ezansi, ekunqunyeni kwesisekelo kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuphakama - 6-10 cm, ububanzi - 1-2 cm.
  • I-Pulp: ezimhlophe, ngokushesha ziphuzi lapho zisika futhi zicindezelwa, iphunga elimnandi elimnandi le-carbolic acid.
  • Isikhathi sokuvusa: July - Okthoba.
  • Indawo: amahlathi ahlukumezekile namaxube, amadlelo.

Izindawo zamakhompiyutha esifundeni saseVoronezh

Abaqoqi be-mushroom abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa izindawo ezilandelayo:

  • inani elikhulu lamakhowe litholakala eMcLock;
  • eMalyshevo ikhula eziningi ze-boletus ne-aspen;
  • kusuka e-Soldatsky, ungaletha isivuno esihle samakhowe amhlophe, amakhowe ase-aspen, amakhowe ase-aspen, amakhowe asePoland;
  • I-Nelzha - indawo enhle, enezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamakhowe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezindawo lapho kutholakala khona amakhowe anobuthi ngobuningi obukhulu:

  • indawo yomzana waseSomovo;
  • indawo yezemidlalo eyinkimbinkimbi "i-Olimpiki";
  • indawo yehhotela "Sputnik";
  • Amadolobhana omakhelwane i-Yamnoe, iPodgornoye neMediovka;
  • insimu yeSikole SamaMpiya kanye nomzana waseShady;
  • ukutshala amahlathi endaweni yaseSoviet.

Ngakho-ke, ukuya emakhowe, khumbula ukuthi kufanelekile ukuqoqa ezindaweni ezihlanzekile, kude namadolobha amakhulu, amabhizinisi nemigwaqo emikhulu. Thatha amakhowe amancane, amasha namawaziwa kuphela. Futhi sebenzisa njalo umthetho: ungaqiniseki-uphonsa. Ukuzingela okuphumelelayo nokuphephile kuwe!

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