Ulimo lwanamuhla alinakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuzenzekelayo. Ungakwazi ukusebenzelana ngesandla nokhula nezinambuzane kwi-dacha hektare amahlanu, kodwa ukwelashwa ezindaweni ezinkulu, le ndlela ayifanele neze. Enye yamadivayisi wonke umlimi ofuna ukuvunwa okuhle okudingeka abe nakho kuyisipirisi. Kukhona ukuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kwamathuluzi anjalo, okunye okukuvumela ukuxazulula imisebenzi ecacile, futhi ngolunye ulwazi oluyisisekelo nobuhlakani, ungenza ngisho ne-sprayer ngezandla zakho.
Lapho kusebenza khona
I-sprayer iyisibhamu sesiphampu. Okushiwo yile divayisi ukuphambanisa izinhlayiyana ezincane zamanzi noma uketshezi oluthile endaweni enkulu usebenzisa i-jet yomoya ocindezelekile ohlinzekwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi. 
Indlela enjalo ayivumeli kuphela ukuthi isebenze ngokushesha futhi isebenze kahle izindawo ezinkulu, kodwa futhi ikwazi ukulondoloza ngokuphawulekayo ukusetshenziswa ketshezi esetshenziswa kule nqubo.
Iziphamuzi, ikakhulukazi, zilandelwa, ezisetshenziswe ikakhulukazi, kwezolimo.
Ngesizo sabo, bakhiqizwa:
- ukuchelela kwamasimu, okunikeza nje ukungenisa umswakama emhlabathini kanye nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo kusuka kwesomiso, kodwa nokunyuka kwezinga elingaphansi lomoya, kanye nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kwalo (phakathi nezinyanga ezishisayo ikakhulukazi, izinyathelo ezinjalo zidingekile ukugcina izitshalo)
- ukwethulwa kwamasunisi ahlanzekile kanye nabalawuli bokukhula, ngaphandle kokuthi lapho izimo zanamuhla zithola isitshalo sokuncintisana akunakwenzeka;
- ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezifweni nasezinambuzane (ama-fungicides, izinambuzane nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso);
- ukulawula ukhula, okuyinto embi kakhulu kwezitshalo (isibonelo, akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukukhula ukhula ngezitshalo ngesandla).
Uyazi? Ukuvuna ushukela wezinyosi ezivela ezindaweni ezingaphathwa ngokhula kukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esadingeka kulokhu ngo-80%.
Noma kunjalo, amadivaysi akhulunywa ngawo awasetshenziswanga kuphela abalimi. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ngosizo lwabo ukuchelela izinkundla zebhola, futhi kwezinye izimo kukhona nezitshalo ezinkulu, zenziwa.
Izinhlobo
Izipulisi zanamuhla ziyahlukahluka ngokuhambisana nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi:
- ngendlela yokudonsa umoya (ipompo, imishini, ibhethri, uphethiloli, idizili);
- nge-tank volume (enkulu, encane, ephakathi);
- ngokwezinga lokupompela kwesisombululo sokusebenza (ivolumu ye-ultravolume, ivolumu elincane, evamile);
- ngokuziqinisa (ukuphakama, ukulandelwa, ukuzenzekelayo);
- uhlobo lokusatshalaliswa kohlobo oluthile (fan, hose);
- ngokuqokwa (okukhethekile, jikelele).
Cabanga ngokungafani okuyinhloko phakathi kwamadivayisi ngokusho kwezinto ezisemqoka ezibalulwe.
Kuzosiza futhi ukuba ufunde mayelana nemigomo yokukhetha i-mini-trekta, futhi uzijwayeze ngezici zobuchwepheshe ze-tractor Belarus MT3 1221, ama-Kirovets K-744, i-DT-54, i-DT-20, i-Bulat-120, i-Belarus-132n, i-T-30, i-MT3 320 , I-Uralets-220, i-MT3 892, i-MT3 1221, yokwenza mini-trekta eyenziwe ngokwenza.
Ngokuqinisa indlela
Idivaysi yanoma yikuphi i-trekta inikeza indlela ekhethekile yokunamathisela evumela ukuthi usebenzise lomshini wokulima jikelele ukuze uxazulule imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Abaphamuzi abahamba ngezinyawo bangabanye izinhlobo zemishini engasetshenziswa ngogandaganda ngendlela efanayo.
Lolu hlobo lwe-sprayer lune-tank encane kakhulu yamanzi asebenzayo (ngokuvamile ama-600-800 amalitha) nezintambo ezine-span 12-18m. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amadivaysi eyenzelwe izindawo eziningi zokwelashwa ezibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ivolumu yabo ithangi ingaba izinkulungwane zamalitha.
Lezi zithombe zifanelekile kumabhizinisi amakhulu ezolimo, kanti umlimi omncane angakhetha ukhetho oluphansi. 
I-sprayers ephakanyisiwe iyahlukahluka ekusebenzeni, isivinini sokucubungula nezinye izinqubo.
Ngakho-ke, usebenzisa amamodeli abizayo, ungaphatha amashumi amahekthera esikhala ngehora ngesilinganiso esisheshayo esingu-15 km / h, kepha ngisho nemishini ene-tank encane ikuvumela ukuxazulula imisebenzi ngokushesha nangokusebenza kahle.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zamadivayisi aphakanyisiwe kuvame ukuphawula:
- ukuhleleka okuhle;
- ukuhambisana namatrakta asekhaya;
- ukuzenzekelayo okugcwele (akukho ukungenela komuntu okudingekayo);
- ukuthembeka nokusebenza isikhathi eside (ngokusingatha ngokucophelela nokugcinwa okufanele).
Uhlobo lwesibili lokunamathisela kwesibhamu se-spray ku-trekta lulandelwa. Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa nomthamo wokusebenza ngamanzi ngamabomu, ngokuvamile umthamo ubalwa ngamalitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuya kuzine. 
Okufanayo kusebenza nobude bezinduku (uma okunamathiselwe kwaleli phameter ngokuvamile kungadluli 18 m, kanti lowo olandelwayo uqala kusuka kumamitha angu-24 futhi ungafinyelela ku-36 m). Ngakho-ke, lolu khetho lungcono kakhulu emapulazini amakhulu, njengoba laklanyelwe ukucubungula izindawo kumakhulu amahektare.
Uma kungenjalo, izinzuzo ezibalulwe ngenhla zingasetshenziswa ngokulinganayo kumadivayisi ahambayo, futhi ukungalungi kwezinhlobo zombili ukuxhomeka ekugodleni okuphansi kwetractorta, okuholela ekulimaleni okuncane emasimini (ikakhulukazi amade amade) ngenxa yokuhamba komshini onjalo emkhakheni.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi babiza isivinini esiphansi njengengozi enkulu yezipulisi ezilandelwe futhi ezilandelwe.
I-proprayer yokuzikhiphelela iyisetshenziswa esizimele ngokuphelele esingadingi ugandaganda. Ukuhlukahluka nokuhlukahluka kokuguqulwa kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe imodeli ngemingcele enhle: usayizi wesondo, ubude benduku, ivolumu yamanzi, ukusebenza, njll. 
Izinzuzo ezingenakunqotshwa zalolu hlobo lwemishini yokulima yilezi:
- izinga eliphakeme lokuzenzekelayo, kuze kube yi-autopilot noma ephethe isichazamazwi;
- ikhono lokulungisa izinga lokupuniza nokusetshenziswa kwesisombululo sokusebenza;
- uhambo olubushelelezi;
- ukuphakama komhlaba;
- ukusebenza kahle kwejubane;
- ukuhleleka;
- Asikho isidingo sokufaka umsebenzi ku-trekta nokuqothula okulandelayo;
- amandla nokuhlala;
- ubungane bemvelo.
Funda ngezinzuzo ze-motoblock ye-Neva MB2, i-Bison JR-Q12E, i-Centaur 1081D, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungalima kanjani i-motoblock ngomlimi, indlela yokwandisa ukusebenza kwe-motoblock, indlela yokwenza okunamathiselwe kwe-motoblock.Kodwa-ke, abaprayisi abaziphethe ngokuzenzakalelayo banezinselele ezicacile, ikakhulukazi, lokhu kuyinani eliphezulu futhi lilinganiselwe kwesicelo (ukungabi khona kwezwe jikelele).
Ngohlobo lokusabalalisa kwegazi
Ngokwale nqubo, iziphampu zihlukaniswe ngamapulisi okuhlambalaza, lapho ukuchithwa kwenziwa khona ngenxa yomshoshaphansi we-hydrostatic owadalwa ohlelweni, nokucindezelwa kwezingcindezi, lapho uketshezi lwangaphakathi lufakwe khona ngomsindo wangaphakathi kanye nokusakaza komoya okudalwe ngumdlali.
Njengomthetho, ukuguqulwa kokuqala kusetshenziselwa ukusebenza emasimini, kanti okwesibili - emasimini nasezivini.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi idivayisi yomshayeli inhlobo ezimbili - uthuli kanye negumbi (umhubhe). Okuthandwayo kwesinye noma ezinye izinhlobo kufanele kunikelwe kuye ngokuthi iphethini lokutshala kanye nokuphakama kwezitshalo.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko zama sprayer fan azihlanganisi kahle futhi ukulahleka okuphawulekayo kokusebenza kwamanzi ngenxa yokungena kwayo ngaphandle komqhele wezihlahla kanye nokuxhaswa komhlaba. 
Isihlungi esivuthayo
Kubalulekile! Izipulisi ze-dust blower kufanele zingasetshenziswa esimweni sezulu noma emini: wonke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Uhlobo lomgwaqo wokwakha lwenza kube lula ukuxazulula ngokuphelele le nkinga. Emadivaysi anjalo, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwesisombululo sokulahlekelwa kokusebenza kuqinisekisiwe (kubuyela emsebenzini), ikhwalithi yokwelashwa ifinyelela ku-100%, uketshezi aluqhutshwa umoya futhi aluqoqi emhlabathini.
Ngeshwa, amadivayisi anjalo ayabiza kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwawo kwehle.
Ama-sprayers we-Boom ahlinzeka ngokufana okujwayelekile kokufiphaza ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokungafani. 
Ukuya khona
Ezinye iziphampi zenzelwe ukusingatha uhlobo olucacisiwe lwesitshalo, zibizwa ngokuthi zikhethekile. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthola amadivayisi anjalo kulawo mapulazi agxile ekukhuleni imikhiqizo ethile.
Amanye amamodeli ayonke indawo, afanele ukucubungula noma yikuphi izitshalo, okuqinisekisiwe, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokuba khona kweqoqo lamadivaysi aphikisayo ahlukene angashintshwa kuye ngesidingo.
Ukuze uhlakulele isayithi lakho, kuyokusiza ukuba ufunde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani umlimi, mayelana nezinzuzo zomlimi onobumba, ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani umlimi wezinkukhu, nokuthi kungani ukulima kwenhlabathi kuyadingeka.
Umshini Wokufaka Umshini Wokunamathisela
I-sprayer ekhonjiwe ifreyimu ehlanganisiwe yensimbi lapho itanki lomthamo othile efakwe khona, ifakwe izakhi zokusebenza ezidingekayo. 
Uhlelo lwedivayisi luhlanganisa:
- i-pump;
- isitsha segesi;
- spray system ngamabhulokhi akhiwe (kuye ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kungaba fan, izinduku, izixuku, njll);
- idivaysi ye-refueling;
- ukucindezela ukunciphisa amagagasi.
Indlela yokwenza
Ngomuntu, okungenani owazi kahle kule mboni, kusobala ukuthi kudivayisi ye sprayer, ngokujwayelekile, akukho lutho olunzima. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungagcina inani elibalulekile lemali futhi, esikhundleni sokuthenga ispirisi esenziwe ngomumo, ungenza ngokwakho.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imodeli eqedile izokwenza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka imisebenzi ethize okufanele ixazululwe ngosizo lwayo.
Isifutho sokwazisa okuzenzela: ividiyo
Kulesi simo, izindlela ezimbili zingenzeka. Owokuqala ukusebenzisa izingxenye eziphelile emsebenzini, ezingathengwa kunoma isiphi isitolo sezinto ezikhethekile zokulima, futhi wenze ngokuvumelana nomklami wezingane.
I-sprayer eholayo izobiza kancane eshibhile kunokwathengiwe. Okwesibili ukufezekisa imali enkulu ngokuthola izinto ezitholakalayo eziseduze, izingxenye zisusiwe emotweni, njll.
Noma kunjalo, sizodinga:
- ithangi lokuxazulula ikhambi - isitsha sensimbi noma ipulasitiki yevolumu oyifunayo;
- amaphubhu we-PVC azungezile, amaphrofayela, ezinye izingxenye zensimbi zokukhiqiza uhlaka;
- izingongolo zensimbi ezinezigaba ezingenxantathu nezizungezile;
- izipulisi (ngale njongo, iziphuzo ezivamile zifanelekile, ezingatholakala kunoma yisiphi isiteshi sokuguqula isondo);
- I-volt kagesi ye-volt eyi-12 (lena amandla angcono okufezekisa ukucindezela okudingekayo).
Kubalulekile! Ipompi kagesi yidivayisi ebiza kakhulu kunazo zonke. Ukuze ungathengi idivaysi eyenziwe ngomumo, kungenzeka ukuvumelanisa le njongo ipompu yomsakazo omdala noma ipompo evela ku-chainsaw.
Amathuluzi adingekayo:
- umshini wokushisa;
- izikhali zensimbi;
- umshini kagesi noma isikulufa;
- isando;
- iziphazamisi;
- ithuluzi lokulinganisa.
Ukuqala:
- Faka ipompo ngaphakathi kwetangi.
- Kusuka ekhoneni, amapayipu kanye nephrofayili yensimbi sipheka ifreyimu yobukhulu obufanele.
- Ifakwe ku-platform yesikrini, okuzodinga ukufaka ithangi.
- Silungiselela ithangi esiteji.
- Faka iziphampu emipayipi.
- Gcwalisa ipayipi ngefrayibha ku-tank.
- Sifaka isilafa esiphelile ku-hinge likagandaganda. Ukuqhutshwa kwipompo kuhlinzekwa nge-PTO (iyunithi ehambisa ukujikeleza ukusuka kwesithuthuthu kuya kokunamathiselwe, kuwona wonke amathrekhi), futhi uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luzohlinzeka ukuphakamisa nokunciphisa umshini wokufafaza.
Idivayisi enjalo elula, eyenziwe ngezandla inganikeza ukuphathwa kahle kwezinga eliphezulu ezindaweni eziningi. Yiqiniso, akufanele uyisebenzise ngesilinganiso sezimboni, kodwa ngohlelo lwama-acre angu-40-50 - ukhetho olunzulu lwezomnotho!
Indlela yokukhetha okulungile
Ukukhetha idivaysi yohlobo olulodwa noma olunye, okokuqala, udinga ukuphendula umbuzo oyinhloko: kuyini.
Esikhathini esincane se-dacha isakhiwo esinezihlahla ezinhlanu nemibhede emithathu kunokwanele ukuthola isibhamu se-backpack-type spray, ukucubungula amahektare ayi-10 sidinga ukumaketha, futhi uma sikhuluma ngesilinganiso esikhulu sezezimboni, kungase kudingeke ukucabangela ukuthengwa kwedivayisi eyaziwayo: okubiza kakhulu kodwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu.
Indlela efanayo, ngokujwayelekile, iyadingeka ukuyisebenzisa uma unquma ukuthi uzokwenza yini imodeli yokwenza isipuni eyenziwe ngokwakho: uma kumlimi omncane lokhu kungase kube yindleko yokugcina izindleko, bese uthembele kwibhizinisi lesikhathi eside, lithembele kwimishini eyenziwe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezisetshenzisiwe. kukhona ingozi yokulahlekelwa okuningi. 
Uyazi? Cishe amaphesenti angama-90 kuwo wonke amanzi asetshenziswe ngumuntu asetshenziswa kwezolimo, futhi kuwo wonke ama-litre adingekayo ekutshaleni imifino, kunezilitha ezingu-12 ezichithe ekutheni amadlelo.
Kunoma yikuphi, kunezinqubo ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo okukhethwa ngayo umshini wokupunga eliphezulu, lezi zici kufanele zicatshangelwe uma uthenga:
- ukuphakamisa izinga lokupuniza isisombululo sokusebenza, ukunciphisa ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile amakhemikhali amakhemikhali namanyolo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isitshalo sithola ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali nokulahleka; Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukupompela okuhle kunikeza umnotho omkhulu wamanzi kanye namalungiselelo asetshenzisiwe;
- ukuphamba okufanako kanye nokuphelela kokucubungula kuqinisekisa ukulahlekelwa okuncane kwesisombululo sokusebenza, ukuphumelela okukhulu kwezinqubo zezolimo kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo;
- umonakalo wokulimala komshini ezitshalweni ngesikhathi sokucubungula (ukuvalwa okuncane kwetractorta kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwamapulisi angenakusebenza ekucubunguleni izitshalo ezinjengoba, isibonelo, ubhekilanga noma ummbila);
- ukukhiqizwa (ukuphathwa kwezindawo ezincane lokhu kungenziwa umhlatshelo, ukukhetha indlela ephezulu yezinga elincane ngotani oluncane, kodwa abakhiqizi bezolimo abakhulu badinga ithangi elikhulu kanye ne-bar yokubhukuda, okuphambene nalokho, okuyophazamisa kuphela insimu encane);
- ukutholakala kwamashubhu angashintshayo kanye nokukwazi ukulungisa ukucindezelwa (lokhu kuzovumela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokulungisa izitshalo ezahlukene);
- ukwethenjelwa nokuhlala (intengo yinto ecacisa lapha);
- kulula ukufaka nokudiliza, ukuhamba kahle kokuhamba nokusebenza.
Ukuphalaza kuyinkqubo edingekayo ukuvikela amasimu, izingadi nezivini ezivela ezifweni, izinambuzane kanye nokhula. Inqubo efanayo yenza kube lula ukusebenzisa imifino edingekayo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo ezijwayelekile.
Izindawo ezincane nezakhiwo zasendlini zingasetshenziswa ngezindlela eziphatheka ngesandla, kepha kudingeka ukuthi kube nomsebenzi oqakathekile kakhulu kumlimi oqeqeshiwe.
Kukhona ama-sprayers afakwe emshinini okhona, kukhona amadivayisi akhethekile aphefumulelwe okuhloswe kuphela ukuphalaza uketshezi ensimini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona njalo ithuba lokwenza leyunithi ngezandla zabo siqu, ngokweqiniso ngokwezindlela ezingalungisiwe. Ukuzikhethela kuxhomeke emisebenzini, emakhono wezezimali futhi, nakanjani, ukuba khona kwekhono nokukhuthazwa.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
