Indalo yemvelo yabalimi - i-"Zarechnaya zakuqala" iplamu

Ukusho ukuthi ziningi kangakanani izinhlobo ze-plums ezikhona manje. Kuyaziwa ukuthi iplamu ayengakaze ibe isihlahla sasendle.

Kubonakala ngenxa yokuhlunga kwemvelo ye-cherry plum kanye namava eKaucasus. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwasakazwa ngokugcwele yonke indawo.

Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zakhiwa ngabalimi abanolwazi. Enye yezinto ezidalwa yiyona "ipulazi le-Zarechnaya" ekuqaleni.

Umlando wokuzala

I-Russian-All Research Institute ye-Genetics kanye nokuzala izithelo zezitshalo. I.V. UMichurin wenza umsunguli walezi ezihlukahlukene. Umlobi uG. A. Kursakov wasebenza ekudalweni kwayo. Ibanga lidlule konke ukuhlolwa futhi langena irejista yombuso ngo-1988. Zoned endaweni yonke ye-Central Black Earth.

Incazelo izinhlobo Zarechnaya zakuqala

Isihlahla srednerosly. Umqhele awukhuni kakhulu, unamahlamvu obuthakathaka, ngesimo esifana nebhola.

Ngomqhele, i-lentile ekhanda yamasayizi amancane ayabonakala kakhulu. Ama-buds aphakathi, ngokuthinta kancane emaphethelweni, ubuthakathaka bamahlumela kuya emahlumela.

Isayizi leshidi lingaphezulu kwesilinganisoNgomshini we-matte, uhlaza olujulile.

Ikhebula leshidi le-oval in shape nge tip tip, cishe flat. Ingqikithi yeshidi i-leathery, smooth.

Izithobezi zibomvu, zincane kakhulu, 1-2 ku-stalk leaf. I-Stalk ihlale iqinile, ubude obude, obude obuphakathi, kaningi nge-pigmentation. Amapetali ngezimbali amhlophe, aphakathi, axhumana nomunye nomunye.

Ama-stamens awancane kakhulu kune-pistil. Lapho izimbali zihluma, ziluhlaza. I-calyx yembali iyinsimbi ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Isithombe

Ukubukeka nge-plum ehlukahlukene "iZarechnaya zakuqala" kungatholakala esithombeni ngezansi:

Izici zesithelo

Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene izithelo ezimnyama ezibomvuokuyinto ehlanganiswe ngengubo ye-waxy. Usayizi wamaplamu amakhulu, kusuka ku-40 g ukuya ku-50 g. Ukuma kweplamu kuyindilinga noma nxazonke. Amaphuzu angaphansi kwe-sutures nama-sutures wesisu abonakala kakhulu ebusweni bomntwana.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-plums ezinezithelo ezinkulu yi-Firefly, i-Hungarian Korneevskaya, i-Renklod Soviet, iqala, i-Bolkhovchanka.

Izithelo zinomusa omuhle ngomunyu omncane. I-pulp isinyene, umbala obala ophuzi. Ngokwesakhiwo salo, sinomsoco futhi unethenda kakhulu, okulinganiselwe ekutheni kunamaphuzu angu-4.5. Ukuhlukahluka kubhekisela etafuleni-ezobuchwepheshe.

Ukwakhiwa kwama-chemical:

• Indaba emile - 16.83%;
• Ushukela - 7.84%;
• I-Acid - 1.57%;
• I-asicorbic acid - 3.5 mg / 100g;
• Izinto ezisebenza nge-P - 200 mg / 100g.

Izici

Isivuno salezi zihlukahlukene kuhle kakhulu.. Umuthi emva kokutshala uqala ukuthela izithelo iminyaka engu-3-4. Ukubonakala kwesithelo kuqala ekuseni, ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ngonyaka ngamunye olandelayo kunyuke ekuvuneni.

Ukuphikiswa kweqhwa eliphakeme njengokhuni nezinso. Inhlabathi engenakuzithoba, ibekezelela noma yikuphi. Inhlabathi enamandla kakhulu yobumba ingabangela ukuqothula kwezimpande, okuzobe kuthinta isivuno.

Ukuhlukana kwethambo emaspini kuhle kakhuluokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izithelo ekuphekeni nasekukhenizeni.

Siza! Izithelo zihamba kahle kakhulu futhi zigcina izinga, kepha lokhu kuzodingeka zisuswe egatsheni izinsuku ezingu-5-6 ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukufika

Ngaphandle kokungazithobeki komuthi we-plum, ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kutshalwe esifundeni lapho lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe khona. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa imiphumela emihle esikhathini esizayo.

Plum ithanda ilanga nesikhala. Ngisho nomthunzi omncane wezithelo zawo awujulile, futhi amaqabunga aphuzi. Ngakho-ke, indawo yomhlaba kufanele ikhethwe ngokuhambisana nalezi zidingo.

Lesi siko futhi ayikwazi ukuma umoya. Ukuphefumula okunamandla komoya kungaqhuma izimbali, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuphuze ingxenye yesitshalo.

Indawo engcono yokufika liseduze nodonga lwendlu noma ucingo. Akufanele futhi ukutshala iplamu ezindaweni eziphansi, ukuze ugweme ukuqoqa umoya obandayo.

Isimo sokukhula esihle kakhulu sibhekwa umhlabathi onesihlabathi futhi okhanyayo we-porous loamy. Izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akumele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha amabili ukusuka emhlabathini. Uma kungenjalo, ungenza ama-grooves amancane ukukhipha amanzi angaphezulu.

Siza! Uma ishlabathi noma ubumba kufakwa emigqeni engaphansi komhlaba, akufanele usitshale iplamu kulokhu.

Njengoba "i-Zarechnaya Ekuqaleni" iyisihlahla esikukhula, ibanga eliphakathi kwezakhiwo noma izihlahla ezizungezile kumele libe okungenani ngamamitha amane.

Uma sicabangela ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe iNdawo Yomhlabathi Womnyama, Kokubili kokuwa kanye nentwasahlobo kungaba yisikhathi esihle sokutshala.. Ukubamba ukutshala isihlahla kumele kulungiswe kusengaphambili amasonto amabili. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kwenziwe umquba womquba womhlabathi unesikhathi sokuxazulula.

Ukujula komgodi u-60 cm, ububanzi bufana. Ngaphambi kokutshala isihlahla phakathi komgodi, kubalulekile ukushayela isigxobo, ebangeni elingaba ngu-15 cm.

Okuyinhloko imithetho yokufika:

• umgodi ugcwele umhlabathi kuphela, ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe;
• intamo yempande kufanele ibe okungenani u-2-5 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi;
• emva kokutshala umsele omncane wenziwa emhlabathini ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle.

Ukunakekela

Ngemuva kokuba umuthi usitshalwe kumele uphuze kahle. Amabhakede amathathu - inani elihle lomuthi owodwa.

Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, ukuchelela kudinga ukuphindwa. Okuhlukile ukufika entwasahlobo. Njengoba kunikezwe umswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi ngemva kokuqhwaqhwa kweqhwa, ukuchelela kunganciphisa kakhulu.

Ukugcina ikhwalithi yezithelo ezingeni elifanele, kudingeka ukuqapha ukukhula kwamahlumelaokuyinto ekhula kakhulu ngenhloso ye-plums.

Susa i-otvodki engadingeki izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga. Susa amagatsha agulayo futhi omile, kanye nokulawula ibanga phakathi kwezithelo, okumele okungenani kube ngu-7 cm.

KUBALULEKILE! Ukuze ulungise imvamisa yefruiting, i-agronomists icebisa ukwehlisa amagatsha omuthi ngonyaka olemnandi.

Ukuvimbela amagatsha ukuba aphule ngaphansi kwesisindo sesithelo, ama-plums adinga ukwesekwa okhethekile okusekela amagatsha anamandla. Uma ukhetha isipele, kubalulekile ukuqeda ukuxabana phakathi kwamagxolo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, i-rag noma i-raber kufanele ifakwe endaweni yokuxhumana.

Ekudleni eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokutshala lesi sihlahla asinaso isidingo. Kudingekile kuphela ukuba uhlale njalo. Ukunisela kuyenziwa kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila komuthi omncane, umuntu kufanele aqale sebenzisa imifino ehlukahlukene ngokusho kwalolu hlelo:

• May - 2 tbsp. l urea ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi
• uJune - 3 tbsp. l nitrophoska ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi,
• Agasti - 2 tbsp. l superphosphate 10 amalitha amanzi.

Ukudubula

I-Plum ayinalo ukuthambekela kwemvelo kokubunjwa kwemvelo komqhele, ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi isidingo sokusika izihlahla. Ngokujwayelekile, isomile, isifo, kanye namagatsha angaphezu kwalokho okuvimbela ukutholakala kwelanga kususwa. Ukudubula kwenziwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwamanzi.

Siza! Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu kuyokwenziwa ukususwa kwegatsha elilodwa elikhulu kunezincane ezimbalwa.

Lapho ukusika izihlahla, ubude bomuthi nesiqu kumele kulungiswe.

Kuqaphele ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla ze-compact kulula kakhulu kunezinsuku ezide. Zinezivuno ezingcono, futhi zikhuthazelela kalula amaqhwa.

Kusukela ezihlahleni ezincane kulula ukuvuna nokukhanya kwelanga kuphuma egatsheni ngalinye.

Izifo nezinambuzane

"Zarechnaya" ezinhlobonhlobo zakudala ziphikisana nezifo futhi azivame ukubhekana nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane. Kodwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela zisadingeka zibheke.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu zeplamu: bushiness, bloom, moniliosis, gommoz, coccomycosis, ugesi, isikhumba.

Izinambuzane ezithinta iplamu: i-hawthorn, isithelo se-mite, isitshalo se-plant, iplamu, i-silkworm.

Ukuvimbela izifo Izenzo ezilandelayo zinconywa:

1. Ukuhlola njalo kwesihlahla ngezifo.
2. Ukuhlanza ngesikhathi esifanele nokushisa amaqabunga awile phansi kwesihlahla.
3. Ukususwa ngokucophelela kokhula esiteshini sombuthano.
4. Ukufafaza lesihlahla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nge-3% ye-Bordeaux ingxube.

Ukuvimbela ukulimala komuthi ama-parasites ahlukahlukene:

1. Ukususwa kokhula namacembe awile.
2. Ukumba ngokuwa kwehlabathi emjikelezweni we-pristvolnom.
3. Ukubeka ukumhlophe okumanzi esihlahleni.
4. Ukupaka izinkuni ngamathuluzi akhethekile entwasahlobo.

I-"Zarechnaya Early" iplamu iyinhlobo ehlukumezeka kakhulu, engenamakhaza futhi elula yokunakekelwa. Izithelo zalo ezikhangayo nokuntuleka kwezinto eziphuthumayo kwenza izilwane ezihlukahlukene zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi.