I-autumn inikeza amakhowe amaningi ahlukene. Zingaqoqwa kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya kuNovemba. Zigcinwe kangcono kunokuthi, isibonelo, ehlobo. Phakathi kwazo kunezinto eziningi ezihlwabusayo, ezifanele izinjongo ezihlukahlukene zokupheka. Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayele izinto ezivame kakhulu.
Amakhowe amhlophe
Siqala ukujwayelana nommeleli wombuso wamakhowa, owaziwa kakhulu ngabantu ngokuthi "inkosi yama-mushroom", njengoba kubhekwa njengento eyigugu kakhulu ekunandeni nasekunambeni. Kubizwa nangokuthi i-boletus.
Kulula ukumbona - nge-cap enkulu convex 7-30 cm ububanzi, okungaba kusuka brown kuya white. Omdala i-fungus, ibumnyama. Ngomswakama ophezulu kubonakala sengathi uhlanganiswe ne-mucus. Ngezikhathi ezivamile, ubuso bawo buyi-matte noma buhlaza. 
Umlenze wamakhowe amhlophe uvame ukubheka kakhulu. Ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-7 kuya ku-27 nobunzima obuyi-7 cm. Ifana nomgqomo noma i-mace. Njengoba i-mushroom ikhula, umlenze uyashintsha ukubonakala kwayo futhi ingase ithathe isakhiwo se-cylindrical nge-bottom deepened. Inemibala noma ithoni ku-cap, i-lightweight kuphela, noma emanzini, amathoni abomvu. Kungaba mhlophe ngokuphelele. Kuhlanganiswe ngokugcwele noma ngenye indlela igridi.
Amakhowe adla njengamapulangwe ase-aspen, ama-podgruzdki amhlophe, ama-boletus, ama-russula, ama-mushroom, ama-pigs, amakhowe amnyama amakhowe, ama-stitches, i-dubovik ejwayelekile, imigqa ebomvu, i-creaks, i-govorushki, i-raincoat, i-morels, iminwe yedayini, i-sandpiper, i-mokrukhi, amakhowe amhlophe kanye uju amakhowe - imithombo yezinto eziphilayo ezibalulekile zokudla: amaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrate, amavithamini nama-microelements.
Inyama yabamele abasha imhlophe. Ekudala uthola i-yellowing. It is juicy, inyamay, soft ukuze ukunambitha. Lapho ukusika kugcina umbala. Iphunga nokunambitheka komnene wakhe, kubonakala ngokucacile kwindlela yokupheka kuphela. 
Uhlaka olubomvu lwe-tubular luqukethe amashubhu angu-1-4 cm ububanzi. Ngenkathi yobudala, ziphenduka ziphuzi bese ziphenduka.
Amakhowe amhlophe yi-mycorrhiza. Ihlangene nezihlahla ezihlukahlukene, kodwa iningi liyakuthanda izidumbu. Ikhula emahlathini acebile e-moss ne-lichen. Liwumhlaba wonke, okungukuthi, limelelwe kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwe-Australia.
Inkathi ye-fruiting yayo ivela maphakathi noJuni kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-mushroom ehlukahlukene, okungukuthi, kufanelekile ukudla okusha futhi zonke izinhlobo zokwelashwa - ukucheka, ukubilisa, ukucheka, ukucheka, ukusa. 
Uyazi? I-bamboo ibonakala njengesitshalo esanda ngokushesha kunawo wonke emhlabeni - ngokwesilinganiso, sinezela ngo-20 cm ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, i-mushroom yama-mushroom yayifinyeleleke. Izinga lokukhula li-0.5 cm ngomzuzu. Ngakho, emizuzwini engu-10 ungeza u-5 cm ukuphakama.
Oyster
Omunye udume kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi bamakhowe - i-oyster mushroom. Ibonakala ngobukhulu obukhulu. Isikhumba sakhe sikhula kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-15 cm usayizi ojikelezayo, amathimba abonakala ngomzimba wezithelo zamasentimitha angu-30. Ngomumo, ingafana nendlebe, ukucwila noma ukuzungeza. Amakatikazi abamele abasha - abathintekayo, abavuthiwe - flat noma shirokoronkovkovidnye. Ubuso babo bubushelelezi futhi bubucayi. Njengoba i-mushroom ikhula, hhayi kuphela ukuma kodwa futhi nombala wezinguquko zekh
Umlenze we-mushroom we-oyster uncane, uvame ukuncane kangangokuthi awubonakali. Ingahle igubuke, ngesimo se-silinda, i-taper phansi. Umbala wakhe umhlophe. 
Inyama nayo imhlophe, ithambile, iyamanzi, iyamnandi ukunambitha, cishe ingenasiphelo. Emakhowe avuthiwe kuba nzima ngamafayili.
I-Oyster iyi-saprophyte, okungukuthi, ikhula, ichithe izinkuni ezifile noma ezibuthakathaka. Ikhula ngokuyinhloko ngamaqembu, "amashalofu" amaningi ahlanganisiwe wezinhlaka eziningana zezithelo. Amakhophi angabodwa akatholakali.
Zijwayeze ngefungi elinjalo elingenakulinganiswa, njengamakhowe omnyama omnyama, ama-mushroom, amakhowe ase-aspen, amanitas, i-svinushki, ne-foxfish.Isikhathi sokukhula - ngoSepthemba-Disemba.
I-Oyster mushroom ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphekeni ngoba iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi nama-amino acids, cishe njengenyama kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaprotheni akhona kuwo ahlushwa kahle umzimba womuntu. Ama-specimens amancane kuphela afanelekayo okudla. Zisetshenziselwa ukupheka izitsha zokupheka, ngokuba u-salting ne-pickling. 
Uyazi? Emvelweni, kukhona amakhowe anempilo. Bondla ama-nematodes, ama-amoebas nezinyawo ze-foottails. Zinezikhukhula ezikhethekile lapho zibamba izinambuzane. Ngokuzidla, ikakhulukazi, i-oyster mushroom.
Layisha
Umndeni wamakhowe omkhuni. Isondo lakhe likhulu - kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-20 cm ububanzi. Isimo ekuqaleni sinezicucu futhi sine-convex encane. Ekuvuthweni, imiphetho iphikisana nayo, futhi konke kuthatha uhlobo lwe-funnel. Ubuso bomzimba wesithelo bumbozwe nge-mucus enamandla noma ephuzi ephuzi.
I-cap ibeke esitemeni esincane u-3-7 cm ubude bayo ubukhulu bayo buyi-2-5 cm. Yakhula ngesimo se-cylinder futhi ingaphakathi ngaphakathi. Umbala uvumelana ne-hat - emhlophe noma ephuzi. 
Inyama imhlophe. Iphukile. Iphunga layo libukhali, likhumbuza izithelo.
I-mushroom ibhekisela ku-fungi. Amarekhodi akhe avame ukutholakala. Zibanzi, zidwezwe ophuzi, ama-cream shades.
Ama-mushroom awela emahlathini amancane ahlanganisiwe aseRussia, eBelarus, esifundeni saseVolga naseSiberia kusukela ephakathi kwehlobo kuze kufike ngoSeptemba. Kubekwa njengokudla okungokwemvelo. Usawoti ngemuva kokuqeda ukufutheka ngokuhamba ngezinyawo ezingu-24. 
I-Hedgehog edlayo
U-Ezhovik unezinhlobo eziningana ezidliwayo nezingokwemvelo ezidliwayo. Okuvamile kakhulu i-urchin ephuzi, futhi okumnandi kunayo yonke i-urchin ye-comb. I-cap enkulu yokuqala - ibe ngu-15 cm ububanzi, i-orange noma obomvu. Ngesikhathi esemusha, unesimo somqondo ovelele, futhi kamuva siba nesicathulo. Izihlahla zikhula ngaphakathi, futhi cishe cishe zonke ezhovikovyhs.
Umlenze we-fungus ufana ne-cylinder ephuzi. Iphansi, cishe ngo-2-8 cm.
Inyama isuke ibuthakathaka, igwetshwe ngamathoni aphuzi. It has flavor fruity, kodwa kuphela abamele abasha. Esikhathini esidala kunzima futhi kunzima. 
I-mushroom ifika e-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika kusukela ngenyanga yokuqala yehlobo kuze kube phakathi kwekwindla. Kungakhula kuze kube seqhwa kuqala.
Kokubili i-cap nomlenze kudliwa ngezinhlobo ezithosiwe, ezibilisiwe kanye nosawoti, noma kunjalo, emva kokuthatha ukudla kwangaphambili ngendlela yokugaya, okuvumela ukususa ukufutheka.
Ukuhlanganisa i-ezhovik akujwayelekile kangako kunokuphuzi. Noma kunjalo, kuyathakazelisa ngenxa yenambitheka yayo eyingqayizivele, efana nokukhwabanisa noma inyama yenhlanzi, nokubukeka. Iqukethe umzimba kuphela we-fruiting njengama-scallops amaningana awela amathoni akhanyayo akhula emithini yomuthi nasezinkalweni zokhuni. Amakhowe awela eCrimea, eMpumalanga Ekude naseChina kusukela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuze ku-Okthoba. 
Kubalulekile! Izitho zomzimba zefungi zivame ukuqoqa izinto eziyingozi emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, ekuphekeni, kudingeka usebenzise kuphela lawo amakhophi aqoqwe ezindaweni eziphathelene nomvelo.
Umbrella ubuyeke
Lolu uhlobo olulodwa lwe-champignon. I-mushroom ibizwa kanjalo, ngoba esemdala ibonakala njengesambulela evulekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kokubonakala kwe-globular yakhe noma ngendlela yeqanda. I-beige eqoshiwe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, egcwele izikali.
Umlenze uphakeme - kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-25 cm futhi ulula - u-1-2 cm ububanzi, obunobuso obushelelezi. Ngaphakathi akunalutho. 
Inyama inomusa, enephunga elinamandla. Ngokumhlophe ngokugcwele, kodwa uma ukuphula noma ukusika kuba i-orange.
Shintsha umbala ngokucindezela kanye ne-plate - kusuka kumhlophe kuya ku-obomvu. Ububanzi bawo buyingxenye eyodwa namasentimitha ububanzi. Zitholakala njalo.
Umbrella reddening ibhekisela kuma-saprotrophe. Kutholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile emahlathini, amapaki, ama-steppes, amadlelo. Izindawo zalo ziseYurophu, e-Asia, naseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Ethanda ukukhula ngamacembu, eyodwa ngezikhathi ifika ngokungajwayelekile. Ikhula kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. 
Ama-caps kuphela adliwa, njengoba imilenze inzima kakhulu. Badliwa fresh futhi asetshenziselwa ukomisa.
Amakhowe we-Chestnut
I-mushroom ye-chestnut ibukeka njengemhlophe, kodwa inomlenze ongobuhlaza obomvu. I-cap inebunhlobo obuhlukile - kusuka ku-convex kuya ku-flat ngokuphelele. Ubukhulu bayo buncane - u-3-8 cm. I-chestnut inemibala. Ubuso bezithunywa ezincane zivuthayo, zivuthiwe - zibushelelezi.
Funda mayelana nezindlela zokuvuna amafutha, ubisi amakhowe, ama-chanterelles namakhowe amhlophe ebusika.
Umlenze usesimo se-cylinder 4-8 cm high kanye no-1-3 cm ubukhulu. Kwezinye izilinganiso zinyuka ezibhekeni. Esemusha, eqinile, bese ungena emgodini. Umbala wayo uvumelana nombala we-cap, mhlawumbe amathoni ambalwa alula. 
Inyama imhlophe. Okufanayo kuhlala nokusika noma ukuphumula. Iphunga nokunambitha akukhulunywa ngokukhethekile. Ukunambitheka kubuswa amanothi we-hazelnut.
Kuyinto mushroom tubular. Ama-tubules ngaphansi kwe-cap afushane, angaba ngu-0.8 cm ubude, amhlophe. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, vula.
Endaweni yokukhula - amahlathi anqabile futhi ahlangene ezifundazwe ezisenyakatho ngesimo sezulu esifudumele. Isikhathi sokuhlushwa kwemithi siwela ngoJulayi-Okthoba. 
I-chestnut fungus isetshenziselwa ukomisa, njengoba kungaba mnandi lapho kuphekwe.
Ukudubula
Amakhowe wezimbuzi anamagama ambalwa ambalwa - i-mohovik enesibindi, i-mohovnik. Uhlobo lwe-tubular olumele. Isikhumba sakhe sisuka ku-3 kuya ku-12 cm ububanzi. Esimweni - ngesimo somcamelo we-convex. Ekuguga - ngesimo seplate. Lapho umswakama ophezulu uhlanganiswa ne-mucus. Umbala ubomvu, ophuzi-brown, ocher.
Umlenze uphansi, u-4-10 cm ubude, esimweni sesilinda, esiqinile. Umbala wenza ukuvumelana nesithuthi. Isisekelo saso siphuzi. 
Inyama isinyene, ekugugeni kubonakala njengenjoloba, ukukhanya okwesibhakabhaka embala. Uma usike kancane ushintshe umbala obomvu noma obomvu. Iphunga nokunambitheka kwamakhowe amasha cishe kungabonakali.
Indawo yokukhula yizindawo zokuhlala ezisezindaweni ezisenyakatho enesimo sezulu esiphezulu eYurophu, eCaucasus, e-Urals, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Imbuzi mikoriziruet ngephayini. Ingakhula ngamaqembu noma yedwa kusukela ekupheleni kwehlobo kuya ekwindla zakuqala.
Amapende apheka imbuzi ehlanzekile. Ibuye ifaneleka ekukhethweni nasekudleni. 
Chanterelle
I-Chanterelle inezimba zithelo zezithelo ze-cap-fruit ngendlela yomgodi wesimo esingavamile sezimbali eziphuzi, ze-orange. Lokhu kubonakala kwenza i-chanterelle ingafani nanoma yimuphi omunye amakhowe. Ububanzi, i-cap ifika ku-3-14 cm. Umlenze ukhula ngokuphakama ngo-3-10 cm.
Inyama yakhe imhlophe noma iphuzi. Ukunqunywa ngokuvamile kuvambela okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu. Ukunambitheka kwakhe kunomuncu, iphunga libuthakathaka, likhumbuza iphunga lezithelo elixubene nezimpande.
I-Himenofor ihlungwe. Amafolda Wavy. 
I-Chanterelle ikhula ngokuyinhloko emhlabathini, kodwa ingakhula futhi kumswakama. Ifomu le-mycorrhiza elinemithi eminingi enamaqabunga ne-coniferous. Ikhula kuphela ngamaqembu. Inezinkathi ezimbili ze-fruiting. Owokuqala ufika ngoJuni, owesibili uqala ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-Chanterelle iyi-mushroom ehlukahlukene, ingasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izinhlobo ze-chanterelles ziyadliwa. Kodwa-ke, isikhunta esingahambi kahle futhi esinobuthi ngaphansi kwayo sigxile futhi singalimaza impilo yabantu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, i-omphalot enobuthi noma inedible chanterelle yamanga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nolwazi lokuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani ama-chanterelles avamile kusuka kubalingani babo.
Oiler
I-Oiler ibizwa kanjalo ngoba i-cap yayo ihlanganiswa noqweqwe olushukela oily. Ngamafutha ajwayelekile, angaba mkhulu futhi afinyelele ku-14 cm. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sishintsha futhi singaba flat, convex, efana umcamelo. Umbala unama-dark shades of brown, brown.
I-cap itholakala esiteshini esiphansi kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-11 cm ubude. Umbala walo mhlophe. Iqukethe indwangu yombala omhlophe, oba mnyama ngeminyaka.
Inyama iyamanzi, emhlophe noma ephuzi ephuzi, ebomvu phansi. 
Uhlaka oluyingqimba luya enyaweni. Umbala walo ubuphuzi.
Amafutha angabanjwa emahlathini e-coniferous namaxube aseNyakatho Hemisphere nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. I-ephedra idala i-mycorrhiza. Imisa ibonakala ngoSeptemba. Ukuvuna kuqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ekuphekeni, ama-greasers athandwa kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukupheka isobho, amasoso, izitsha zangasese. Kuyinto ehlwabusayo, uma ethosiwe, icwecwe, icwecwe. Kufanelekile ukuma. 
Mokhovik
I-mushroom, evame ukutholakala emasimini, ngakho-ke ithola igama elinjalo. Inhlobo eziningi, eziningi zazo ezidliwayo. Abaqoqi be-mushroom bayakuthanda kakhulu ukunambitheka kwawo okuhle kanye nobuhlungu obuphansi. Izinhlobo eziluhlaza kunazo zonke eziluhlaza, ezihlukahlukene, ezibomvu, ezi-polish. I-Mokhovik inokufana kwangaphandle ne-boletus. Noma kunjalo, ama-caps abo ahlukile.
I-flyworm eluhlaza ine-cap hemispherical, u-3-10 cm ububanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, liqondisa futhi liba yi-convex-lihambele unqenqemeni olwehlisiwe. Kuyinhlamba embala, inombala. Ubuso bayo bumile, matte.
Umlenze ukhula ubude ngo-5-10 cm, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube ngu-12 cm. Ubuningi bawo buvela ku-1 kuya ku-3 cm. Ubunzima, bunombala obomvu obunemibala, ngezinye izikhathi bumbozwa ngendwangu engavamile kakhulu. 
Inyama imhlophe. It has a iphunga elimnandi futhi ukunambitheka.
Uthande ukukhula emahlathini ngama-conifers kanye nezihlahla ezinqabile zase-Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika, e-Australia. Isikhathi se-fruiting sisekude - kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuNovemba.
I-Mokhovik eluhlaza imelela amakhowe enambitheka kahle. Isibonelo, eJalimane kunenani eliphakeme kune-white cep. I-Mokhovik idla esisha, i-stewed, ethosiwe, ifakwe usawoti futhi iqoshiwe. Inqolobane isomile. 
Mokruha
I-hat-and-fungus mushroom enekhanda elimbozwe nge-mucus elinesisindo esingu-5-12 cm kanye nomlenze omkhulu ophethe izindandatho ezinamaphesenti angama-12 ubude. I-cap inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-pink, iphuphuthekile ngamathoni abomvu nokunsundu. Unomumo we-hemisphere, bese-amacwecwe. Umlenze - ophuzi, ophuzi ophuzi, obomvu. Inyama imhlophe. Amacwecwe ajwayelekile, awela emlenzeni, aqoshwe ngemibala ekhanyayo. Iphunga nokunambitheka akukhulumi kakhulu. Ukunambitheka kumnandi kakhulu.
Ukuze ugweme uketshezi olunzima ngisho nokufa, funda indlela yokwahlukanisa amakhowe ezidliwayo kusuka kwamanga.
Indawo ekhulayo iyinhlangano ye-coniferous northern hemisphere. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ziyi-spruce, i-pin, i-mottled, i-pink. Isikhathi sokuhluma - ehlobo-ekwindla. Ikhula ngamaqembu.
Pheka mokruhu abilisiwe futhi usawoti. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukugaya nokuhlanza ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 yokubilisa. Ngaphambi kokupheka kufanele kuhlanjululwe isikhumba kanye ne-mucus. Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa kokushisa, i-fungus ingahle ibenze. 
I-honeycomb yase-Autumn
Ekupheleni kwe-fruiting, i-convex bonnet ekwindla ekwindla iba yindlala, futhi imiphetho yayo iba yi-wavy. Ubuso bayo bunemibala ehlukahlukene enombala obomvu, eluhlaza futhi egcwele izikali ezilula. Isikhungo sincane kakhulu kunemiphetho. Ubukhulu be-cap bufinyelela ku-3-10 cm ububanzi.
Umlenze we-honeycomb uwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, u-8-10 cm ubude no-1-2 cm ubukhulu, obugcwele ngokuphelele izikali.
I-pulp isisindo, futhi kumakhowe amadala kunomzimba omuhle, iphunga elimnandi nelinambitha. Umbala ubumhlophe. 
Ngaphansi kwe-cap kukhona amarekhodi angavamile. Zidwezwe ngemibala ekhanyayo futhi ingaba nezindawo ezimnyama.
I-autumn meadow - i-mushroom-i-parasite. Lithinta izihlahla ezingamakhulu amabili kanye nezitshalo eziningana ezitshaliwe. Ikhula kuphela ngamaqembu. Ungaphila ezitshalweni ezifile. Indawo yokukhula iNorthern Hemisphere. Iningi lalo emahlathini elinomswakama ophezulu. It ihlala phezu iziqu, stumps, emigodini kusukela August kuya ekuqaleni ebusika.
Imithombo ehlukahlukene ihlanganisa i-cask ezihlotsheni ezidliwayo noma ezingokwemvelo. Kumelwe kubiliswe, ngoba, uma kuluhlaza noma kungaphili kahle, kungabangela ukucasulwa kokugaya ukudla. I-honeycomb yase-Autumn ifaneleka ukubilisa, ukunambisa, ukusawoti, ukuma, ukukhetha. 
I-Boletus
I-cap boletus ebomvu inezinhlobo eziningana. Zonke zidliwayo, zinezinto ezihlukile ezingxenyeni zangaphandle, kodwa zifana nokunambitha. Njengoba igama lisho, i-fungus mikoriziruet ne-birch.
I-cap boletus ebomvu ingaba ne-cap, umbala wayo ohluka kusuka ompunga okhanyayo kuze kube mnyama. Kukhulu-kufika ku-15 cm ngaphesheya, kufakwe njenge-hemisphere, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kufana nomcamelo. Ngomswakama ophezulu, ungqimba olungamanzi luvela phezulu.
Isigqoko sibekwe emlenzeni omude obude - ubude obuyi-15 cm nobude obuyi-3 cm. Unomumo wesilinda, kancane kancane wehla phansi. Ubuso bayo bugcwele izikali zombala omnyama. 
Inyama imhlophe. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula noma umbala wokusika ngokuvamile akaguquki. Kunomusa omuhle futhi othakazelisayo iphunga eliqhubekayo.
Uhlaka oluthile luhlanganisa ama-tubes amade, angcolile.
Esikhathini se-boletus isikhathi eside eside se-fruiting, esiqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo, futhi siphela ekuwa kwekwephuzile. Kutholakala emahlathini axutshwe namaqhinga e-Eurasia, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. 
I-mushroom ifaneleka ukubilisa, ukuthosa, ukukhipha kanye nokomisa. Ukuze uthole ama-specimens asebekhulile, kunconywa ukuthi unqume ungqimba we-tubular.
I-Boletus
Kubizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo eziningana zezifungi, ezivame ukukhula eduze kwe-aspen. Isici sabo esiyinhloko i-orange, umbala obomvu we-cap kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma usika. Zonke izinhlobo zamakhowe ase-aspen zingadliwa.
Рассмотрим более детально наиболее распространенный вид - красный, в народе известный больше как красноголовик, красюк или красик. Шляпка у него вырастает до 15 см в окружности. Сначала она показывается в форме полушария, затем становится похожей на подушку. Поверхность бархатистая, окрашена в различные оттенки красного. 
Umlenze uvame ukuphakama: kusuka ku-5 ukuya ku-15 cm, enomzimba futhi enzima-kufika ku-5 cm ububanzi. Ipeyinti evulekile futhi ihlanganiswe ngezikali.
Inyama ibinyene, kodwa njengoba ikhunta ikhula, iyancipha.
Amashubhu amhlophe amamitha angu-1-3 cm atholakala ngaphansi kwekhanda.
Hlanganisa amakhowe - omakhelwane abajwayele kakhulu emithini enqabile emahlathini ase-Eurasia. Zivela ngoJuni, futhi ziphela ngo-Okthoba. Ngoba lezi fungi zibhekwa ngezigaba ezintathu ze-fruiting. Ekuwa yiyona enkulu kakhulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. 
I-Boletus ibhekwa njenge-mushroom enhle kunayo yonke futhi ivame ukubekwa okwesibili ngokudla okunomsoco ngemuva kwe "mkhosi wamakhowe" omhlophe. Ukupheka kubheka njengento yonke.
I-Redhead
I-Ryzhiki iyathandwa ngabaqashi be-mushroom futhi bayakwazisa kakhulu abapheki. Kwezinye izinhlobo zenza izibiliboco. Lawa amakhowe adla amasha, aqoshiwe futhi anamafutha.
Kulula ukuzibona - banekhati elikhanyayo, elibomvu lesikhumba. Ezinhlanzini ezincane zanamuhla zikhulu - kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-18 cm ububanzi. Ekubelethweni, i-convex, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iyancipha futhi yenza i-funnel. Emaphethelweni ahlanganiswe kancane kancane. Ubuso bushelelezi futhi bubumnyama. 
Unyawo luyingcosana ngobukhulu - ubude buka 3-7 cm no-1.5-2 cm ubukhulu. Ngokuvamile kunombala ofanayo nesigqoko, ngezinye izikhathi zidwetshwe ngemibala elula. Ukuma ngesimo sesilinda, esincane.
Ukuguquka okunamandla okunamandla, umbala ophuzi ophuzi.
Isendlalelo se-lamella siqukethe amapuleti abomvu ase-orange.
I-Ryzhiki - abakhileyo emahlathini e-coniferous. Ivela kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Iziqongo ze-fruiting zikhona ngoJulayi noSeptemba. 
Ukuphakama
Leli gama elivamile lama-mushroom agaric anama-caps of imibala ehlukene ngendlela ye-hemispheres, enekhanda elinama fibrous noma scaly, okuvame ukukhula emigqeni. Enye yezinhlobo ezinomsoco kunazo zonke yi-Mongolian. Ubukhulu obuncane besikhumba salo buyi-6-20 cm. Ngemva kokubonakala kwayo, i-hemispherical noma i-ovoid, ekupheleni kokuphila - ukuguqa phansi, ukuguqula, nokuhlelwa kwemingcele egobile phansi. Ikhanda limbozwe isikhumba esimhlophe.
Umlenze ukhula phakathi, ufinyelele ubude buka-4-10 cm. Njengoba i-mushroom ikhula, umbala womlenze uguquka kusuka kumhlophe kuya ku-grey noma ungcolile ophuzi.
Inyama imhlophe, enhle kakhulu futhi iyamnandi. 
Leli howa liwela e-Central Asia, eMongolia naseChina.
Kwi-homoynikov yezifunda zaseRussia kukhona umugqa ovame kakhulu womhlaba, onemibala enombala obomvu, omathambo, omkhulu. U-Ridovki, njengombuso, uthela izithelo kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.
Amapokishi awasawoti, aqoshiwe, abilisiwe. 
Russula
Cishe isigamu sama-mushroom esitholakala ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinqabile nezikhwama e-Eurasia, e-Australia, e-East Asia naseMelika yi-russula. Massively zivela ngo-Agasti noSeptemba. Qeda ukuhluma ngo-Okthoba. Lawa amakhowe awawusizo kakhulu ngokubambisana, noma kunjalo, aqoqwe ngokuzithandela ngabaqashi be-mushroom. Okumnandi kunazo zonke yilokho abameleli abanama-caps abodwe ikakhulukazi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okwesibhakabhaka, okwesibhakabhaka futhi banokubambisana okumbalwa okubomvu njengoba kungenzeka.
Amanye amakhowe aqala ukuvela ngisho nasentwasahlobo. Thola ukuthi amakhowe akhula ngo-Meyi.
Enye ye syroezhek esiphundu kakhulu - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma e-scaly. Unesikhwama esikhulu esine-hemispheric, esinezinkukhu. Ifinyelela ububanzi obungama-5 kuya ku-16 cm. Umlenze walolu Russula uphansi - u-4-12 cm, umhlophe. Inyama yinyene, imhlophe, ibukhali ukuze inambithe. Amacwecwe ajwayelekile, aqoshiwe umbala omhlophe noma ukhilimu.
Lo mmele weRussula angadliwa okuluhlaza, omisiwe, abilisiwe, oqoshiwe, oqoshiwe. 
Kubalulekile! Udinga ukuqaphela ngokucophelela ukuba ungadibanisi i-russula eluhlaza esebenzayo ene-toadstool enobuthi, ngoba ifana ncamashi. Umehluko omkhulu ngumlenze. Ku-russula imisiwe, imiswe phansi, imhlophe. Ku-toadstool kukhona ukuqina kwe-tuber ngezansi, isigqoko sezindandatho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi. Ku-toadstool kunefilimu ngaphansi komzimba wesithelo.
Ama-mushroom wehlathi
I-mushroom yamahlathi noma umusa une-cap encane efinyelela ku-10 cm ububanzi. Ngesikhathi esemncane ikhula ngesimo sensimbi noma iqanda, ngokuvuthiwe iba yindlala ephansi, ne-hump phezulu. Kuyinhlamba embala.
Umlenze walokhu amakhowe uphakeme-kufika ku-11 cm, okwenziwe ngeklabhu. Ubukhulu bukhula kumamentimitha owodwa nengxenye. Ngesikhathi esemusha, umhlophe, ke u-grey. Amakhophi amancane anenendandatho emlenzeni, eqhubeka elala. 
Inyama yimbi, ilula. Uma ucindezelwe, liphenduka elibomvu. Yiphunga futhi iphunga elimnandi.
Amapuleti ngaphansi kwekhanda avame ukutholakala. Zimhlophe futhi zimnyama ngokudala.
I-mushroom ikhula ngamaqembu ku-conifers. Kuningi eduze kwama-anthills. Izithelo kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Septhemba.
Ekuphekeni, i-mushroom yamahlathi isetshenziselwa ukupheka okuthosiwe, okubilisiwe, okusawoti, izitsha zokupheka, kanye nokomiswa. 
Uyazi? Namuhla, i-mushroom emnyama etholakala ngo-2000 ibhekwa njengama-mushroom amakhulu eMhlabeni. Indawo ye-mycelium yayo ayi-880 hektare yepaki kazwelonke e-Oregon (USA). Umnikazi werekhodi ubhalwe ohlwini lweGuinness Book of Records njengemvelo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Ekuphetheni, sibheka ukuthi ekwindla ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengenkathi yamakhowe, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa kwamakhowe ngalesi sikhathi kunkulu kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwe-mushroom pore ngokuvamile kuwela ngenyanga yokuqala ekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, amakhowe asehlobo asuka futhi ahamba, amakhowe amakhowe, amakhowe, ama-chanterelles nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo zivela. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba, i-fruiting iyancipha, kodwa namakhowe amhlophe, amakhowe ase-aspen, i-russula, i-boletus, ne-mosswort atholakala. Izikhala zamakhompiyutha ezenziwe kule nyanga zigcinwa isikhathi eside kunezihlobo zasehlobo. NgoNovemba, woza amakhowe ama-oyster, uju agaric, ryadovki. Ngamafuphi, phakathi nokuwa, abathandi "bokuzingela okuthulile" bangajabulela ukukhetha amakhowe.
