Indlela yokunakekela nokukhula insimbi egcwele

Insimbi egcwele kakhulu ingenye yezimbali ezithandekayo zabalimi, ukuma kwayo kufana nezimbali zezinsimbi ezincane ezimile emilenzeni ehlukene. Njengezilimo zezitshalo, lezi zimbali ezibucayi zinemibala ehlukene kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobonhlobo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zebhansela ezikhona, ukuthi zingakukhulela kanjani ekhaya futhi ziyisebenzise kumklamo wezwe.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Lezi zinsimbi zigcwele (eLatin Campanula glomerata) zinamanye amagama - amabheli ayiqembu lamazwe. Lesi sitshalo se-genus Bell futhi singabakwaKolokolchikovyh yomndeni.

Umndeni wakwaBolokolchikov uhlanganisa nezitshalo ezinjengebellleaf, i-lobelia ampelous, i-campanula, i-peachy bell, i-trachelium, ne-platicodone.

Zinezilinganiso ezilodwa ezivela kumamitha angu-20 kuya kwangu-100 eziphezulu, ezimbozwe nge-silvery fluff, ngezinye izikhathi ezingenalutho, ezimpunga-oluhlaza noma ezibomvu.

Amahlamvu i-ovoid noma i-oblong-lanceolate. Izimbali ukukhanya okubomvu, okwesibhakabhaka, okujulile okubomvu noma okumhlophe, okufika ku-3 cm ubude ubude, buqoqwe nge-inflorescence eyindilinga phezulu kakhulu kweziqu.

Izinsimbi ezigcwele zihlala isikhathi eside, ziqala ukuqhuma kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi ziqede engxenyeni yokuqala kaSeptemba. Isiko asifuni ukuzinakekelwa, ukumelana nezilokazane, akusizi kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi sikwazi ukubekezelela ukungabi nesikhashana kwesinye umswakama.

Izakhiwo zokuphulukisa zale mbali ziyaziwa, ngakho-ke emithi yokwelapha isetshenziswa njenge-anti-inflammatory, sedative and anesthetic for ikhanda, ukuvuvukala komlomo nomphimbo, kanye nezwi elihlabayo.

Funda ukuthi ikhanda liphakamisa kanjani ukusebenzisa i-periwinkle, i-catnip, isitshalo se-brahma, i-Lindind, i-ginger, i-bluebush, i-peppermint, i-motherwort isithombo.

Ukusabalalisa nokuhlala

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zimbali zikhula yonke indawo: emahlathini ehlathini, ensimini nasemasimini phakathi kwamafomu. Izindawo zalezi zimbali ziyizindawo ezinkulu: kusukela ezweni lase-Iranian kuya eJapane, naseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika.

Uyazi? I-legend yasendulo yaseRussia ithi izimbali zezinsimbi zavela ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezingoma zabaqhubi kanye ne-chime yezinsimbi ezincane kumahhashi adonselwa emotweni. Zonke izindawo ezungezile zemizana zazishunyayelwa ngalezi zomsindo, futhi lapho lezi zikhukhula zawela khona phansi, lezi zimbali ezibucayi zakhula.

Izinhlobo ezidumile zebell egcwele

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana zebell egcwele abantu abalimi abathanda ukuyisebenzisa ekuklanyeleni kwezwe; bahlukana phakathi kwabo nge-pallet ehlukene yama-shades. Ngezansi sinikeza izinhlobo ezithile zale mbali futhi sichaze kafushane izici zabo ezihlukahlukene.

"I-Gnome" (i-Campanula glomerata "Isisindo").

Lesi sitshalo sifushane, amasentimitha angu-20 ukuphakama, ngamaqabunga ahlukene futhi ahlotshiswe enhliziyweni, aphethwe yi-matt. Kusuka kulesi sitshalo ushiya izinqubo eziningi. Insimbi ethi "i-Gnome" inezimbali ezimnyama ezibomvu zesikhunta, ziqoqwe ezinqwabeni ezinzima.

Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyamangaza ngokubanda kwebusika futhi kungathobeki ezimweni zokukhula. Kumele kuphuze kuphela ngamazinga aphezulu okushisa. Imbali ithanda umquba kanye nezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali.

Kumanyolo obunzima wamaminerali afaka phakathi "Master", "Kemira", "Sudarushka", "AgroMaster", "Plantafol", "Mortar", i-nitroammofoska, "Crystal".

Le mbali nayo ine-stem ephansi, 20-25 amentimitha. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezinezindlela ezincane eziqoqwe ezihlotsheni ze-apical kanye ne-axillary ezingama-inflorescences ezicucu ezingaba ngu-20. Lapho i-inflorescences iphela, ama-stalks awela ngama-rosettes amaqabunga ase-basal.

Ngaphambi kokuba ama-rosette amadala afe, amaningi amasha avela, futhi izimbali ziyaqhubeka kuze kube yilala ekwindla. Lezi zinsimbi zingakhula ngokuqinile ema-flowerbeds kunokuba zikwazi ukumisa ukutshala kwezinye izimbali.

Izimila zithanda indawo lapho kuneziningi zelanga, futhi inhlabathi yazo kufanele ibe yincani, ilula futhi ifakwe emanzini kanye ne-lime. Insimbi emhlophe ibukeka kahle kuma-mixborders, emafotsheni embali kanye nase-alpine slides.

I-Carolina (Campanula glomerata Caroline).

Le mbali izoba yinde kakhulu kunabo abazalwane ababili abadlule, ngokuphakama kwamamentimitha angama-30 kuya kwangu-60, ne-pubescent ifaka kanye namaqabunga. Amaqabunga anefomu le-ovate-oblong noma i-ovate-lanceolate, elinamazinyo emaphethelweni, ku-stem ahlelwe ngamabili.

Izimbali zingaba zibomvu noma ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ububanzi obungamamitha amabili ububanzi, ezakhiwe nge-apical axillary capitate i-inflorescences enezinhlamvu ezingu-20.

Izimbali ziqala kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi ngezinsuku ezingu-35 ezindaweni ezivulekile nezelanga. Amabhelethi "Carolina" bakhetha inhlabathi evulekile, elula futhi ehlwanyelwe. Ngokuvamile zihlwanyelwe kuma mixborders noma zitshalwe ngamaqembu, kanye nokusika.

Blue (Campanula glomerata "Blue").

Ukuphakama kwalezi zinsimbi kufinyelela kumamitha angu-30 kuya ku-60. Bakha ama-stescent, avulekile noma ashicilelwe yi-pubescent, lapho amaqabunga abushelelezi ne-elliptical ekhula khona. Izimbali ezinjenge-Bell, izicathulo ezimbili zombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngaphezulu kweziqu zihlanganiswa zibe yi-inflorescences kuze kufike kumamitha ayisithupha ubude ubude, ngendlela yebhola.

Insimbi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iqhuma ngoJuni futhi i-blooms izinyanga ezimbili. Uthanda ukukhanya okuhle, umthunzi owamukelekayo nesikhashana. Umhlabathi kufanele ungathathi hlangothi, ucebile futhi uchithe. Lesi sitshalo asibekezelele iziqhingi. Ebusika, kuqinile, ezindaweni ezikhulayo nasehlabathini - akukho izikhalazo.

"Bellefleur Blue", i-blue (Campanula glomerata "Bellefleur blue") ne "Bellefleur vayt", emhlophe (i-Campanula glomerata "i-Bellefleur emhlophe").

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zombala wezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zebell ezigcwele ama-inflorescences ane-bell white and blue. Izitshalo zivela kumamitha angu-20 kuya ku-25 aphakeme, azinzile, avule noma azinwele. Esikhathini sesitshalo kukhona ama-elliptical amashidi ane-surface ebushelelezi.

Izimbali zihlelwe ngendlela ye-inflorescences eyindilinga. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza - kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Ibanga - ukumelana nesithwathwa, kufanelekile ukungena emigodini noma izimbali zemifino kuya ku-3 amalitha.

Uyazi? Insimbi yokuqala yesonto yaxoshwa ethempelini ngo-1500 esifundazweni saseCampania, e-Italy. Ngokusho komlando, umbhishobhi wendawo uPaulinius, ehamba azungeze umuzi wakubo, wathola izinsimbi ezikhula yonke indawo. Futhi kwabonakala sengathi lapho umoya uqhuma baqhuma futhi benza indandatho enomusa. Ngemva kwalokho, wayala ukuba enze i-first-flower flower-bell.

I-Blue noma i-prefab blue "Superba" (iCampanula glomerata "Superba").

Ihlala isikhathi eside ngeziqu kusukela kumamitha angu-40 kuya kwangu-60 ubude, enezimbali ezikhanyayo, ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet ububanzi obufinyelela ku-2.5 cm, okwenza ama-inflorescences ahlomekile. Amahlamvu anombala obumnyama, obushelelezayo, elliptical, abe ne-setae encane ngezansi. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza singuJulayi-Agasti.

Ukuqhakaza okuningi futhi kude. Okumelene nesibhakabhaka. Lesi sitshalo sithanda kokubili izindawo ezikhanyisiwe zemibhede, nomthunzi okhethekile. Inhlabathi idinga izithelo ezivundile, ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezincane kakhulu, ne-drainage enhle nomswakama.

Izinsimbi zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zibukeka kahle kuma-rockseries, emahlathini aseMorish, e-rabatkah, kanye nangendlela yokuvimba izicabha. Ngenxa yombala ocebile obala okwesibhakabhaka abukeka emuhle kuma-rosaari.

Sebenzisa kumklamo we-landscape

Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izinhlobonhlobo zebell ezigcweleyo zihlobisa kakhulu, zisetshenziselwa injabulo ekuklanyelweni kwemvelo ezindaweni ezingadini, nasemapaki nasezikwereleni ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.

Izinsimbi zingasetshenziselwa noma yikuphi ukutshala okuxubekile, ngoba zingakwazi ukuletha izicucu zethando elinomthelela nokulula kunoma yiziphi iziqephu ngezimbali zabo zothando.

Isibonelo:

• izinhlobo eziphakeme, ezifana ne "Carolina", "Blue", "Superba", zingatshalwa kangcono engxenyeni ephakathi kakhulu imibhede noma imibhede, zizobonakala zihle kakhulu ngaphansi kombhoshongo wezihlahla;
• lezo zingxube ezincane (i-Belle Blut, i-Belfleur White, njll) zingasetshenziswa ekwakheni amaqembu, ngendlela yemingcele, efakwe elugodini oluthile nasezintabeni zama roses;
• ngisho nezindawo ezikude kakhulu zensimu zingahlotshaniswa nezitshalo ezide, kudala ukushaywa kwesicu. Kuyoba inzuzo ukubheka inhlanganisela yamabellane e-shades ahlukene, isibonelo, omhlophe obomvu nomnyama;
• Amagquma ase-Alpine ne-rock arias angahlotshaniswa nezinhlobo eziphansi, lapho ukushintshana okukhanyayo okwesibhakabhaka, okumhlophe, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokumelene nesizinda samatshe okuhlobisa kuzokwenza umzwelo omuhle;
• ekwakhiweni kwemvelo yesakhiwo segadini noma ipaki, insimbi egcwele ngokugcwele ihlanganisa nabanye "omakhelwane": i-stonecrop, i-Veronica, i-Zelenchuk, i-yasnotkoy, i-daisies, i-floores, i-nivyanik nezinhlamvu.

Kubalulekile! Qaphela ukuthi amabellane atshalwe emagumbini omthunzi ensimini ayoba nezimbali ezinkulu, kodwa izitshalo zizoqhakaza kancane kancane.

Ukukhula ekhaya

Uma ukhula insimbi egcwele ekhaya, akukho bunzima obunzima, njengoba le nmbali ingenakuzithoba futhi ingavumelanisa nanoma yiziphi izimo zokuphila. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amaqabunga amakhulu, ubude bawo obude nokubukeka ngesikhathi sokufudumala kuxhomeke ekudaleni izimo ezihlelekile zesiko.

Ngakho-ke, uma ubona zonke izicabha zezinsimbi ezikhulayo ekhaya, imiphumela emihle ingafinyelelwa. Ngokuqhubekayo sizoxoxa ngalezi ziqhwa.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Njengoba sishilo, izimo zokutshala lesi sitshalo sezitshalo akuzona nzima.

Kubalulekile ukugcina izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• izinsimbi zingcono ukukhula ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinomhlabathi noma ezindaweni ezinomthunzi kancane;
• Kungenzeka ukutshala izimbali hhayi ngqo embhedeni, kodwa nasezikhupheni zepulasitiki noma ezigumbini zamalitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-3;
• lezi zimbali zithanda ukukhula kahle, ngakho-ke zidinga ukuthi zitshalwe endaweni eqondile komunye nomunye (ibanga lizoboniswa ngezansi);
• uma lesi sitshalo sesikhule kahle, ngakho-ke yonke iminyaka engama-4 kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa izihlahla zibe yi-delenki futhi utshale izinto zokutshala, ubheke ibanga elidingekile phakathi kwezitshalo;
• endaweni ozoyihlwanyela kuyo, akufanele kube khona umswakama oqhubekayo. Lesi siko asifani nokunyuka komhlaba, ngakho-ke izindawo eziphansi zezintaba ngeke zifanele;
• izitshalo azithandi ukuba khona kokhula, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ukhula njalo ukhulule inhlabathi;
• uma ususa ama-stalks ezimbali eziye zaphuma ezinkalini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungakwazi ukukhulisa ubuhle nezikhathi zezimbali;
• isiko simelana nama-frosts amakhulu, ngakho-ke akudingi indawo yokuhlala eyengeziwe ebusika.

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Ukubunjwa kwamabhentshi enhlabathi kuqhuma hhayi ukufuna kakhulu, ngakho-ke bangakhula kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi.

Kodwa kunemithetho eminingi eyisisekelo:

• Izindawo zenhlabathi ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezibuthakathaka zingcono kakhulu zokutshala izitshalo;
• Akukho cala angeke sitshale izimbali emhlabathini wobumba ngokugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kungenjalo ebusika izitshalo zisengozini yokuqhwaza;
• i-bell iyokhula kahle futhi ikhule futhi emhlabathini owodwa;
• Uma unomhlabathi omnyama omnyama esakhiweni, ungahlanjululwa nge-humus nesihlabathi. Uma inhlabathi ibumpofu, bese ufaka umhlabathi we-turf nomanyolo kuwo.

Manje ake sikhulume ngokuqondile ngamanyolo afaneleka amabellasi akhula:

• izimbali zakho zizophendula ngokugcwele ekusungulweni komquba obolile kanye ne-superphosphate emhlabathini;
• akunconywa ukuba ulethe umquba omusha kanye ne-peat enhlabathini yezitshalo, njengoba lokhu kusongela izifo ze-fungal;
• uma inhlabathi endaweni yakho ivundile, kwanele ngezinye izikhathi ukwengeza umlotha wokhuni kuwo. Lesi seluleko sifanele futhi inhlabathi ngomhlabathi obuthakathaka;
• kubalulekile ukutshala umhlabathi ngesisekelo se: okungaphezu kwama-5-10 g amaminerali amaminerali ngomitha olinganiselwe;
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesitshalo kufanele kwenziwe kathathu ngesizini: ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kubalulekile! Ungadluli umhlabathi womanyolo ngezinsimbi, ukuze unganiki ukuqina okuqinile kwamahlumela, lapho izimbali zazo zingase zihlupheke khona.

Ukunisela nokuswakama

Ngezinsimbi, ukungabi nesikhunta okwesikhashana akuyona into embi, into esemqoka ukukhumbula ukuthi izitshalo azikwazi ukubhekana nesomiso eside. Ukunisela kufanele kube okulinganayo, njengoba inhlabathi imile.

Ukuzala

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuzalanisa lesi sitshalo:

• imbewu;
• vegetatively.

Hlola ngokubili lezi zindlela zombili lezi zindlela.

Imbewu

Ukutshala izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu kunezidingo ezilandelayo:

• kudingekile ukuqoqa izinto zokutshala ngokushesha emva kokuvuthwa kwe-boll, ukuxubha imbewu kuyo futhi ukuvimbela ekuzihlukaniseni;
• imbewu kumele ihlwanyelwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ekushiseni okushisa noma emhlabathini ovulekile esimweni sezulu esishisayo (kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu) - May, Juni, Julayi, Agasti.

Manje inqubo yokutshala imbewu:

1. Bamba kahle umhlabathi.
2. Bamba izimbobo ezingenalutho ebangeni lokungenani lisuka ku-15-20 cm komunye nomunye.
3. Imbobo ngayinye kumele iphuze.
4. Ukujula imbewu ngokujula kwama-5 cm.
5. Hamba umhlabathi emgodini uphinde uwuthulule futhi.

Uma uhlwanyela imbewu endaweni ekhanyisiwe, emva kwamasonto amabili amabheli azohluma, futhi uma emthunzini, kuzothatha elinye isonto. Nakuba ukuhluma kwembewu kuvame ukuhle, izitshalo ezincane zingaqhakaza kuphela ngenkathi ezayo.

Kubalulekile! Ukwenza lula ukuhlwanyela imbewu bese uthola ukuhluma okufanelwe, kufakwa isanti esomile yengezwa imbewu.

Vegetative

Ukusakazwa okusheshayo kwe-bluebells yi-vegetative, lapho isihlahla esineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala sihlukanisiwe sibe izingxenye ezihlukene. Kunenye indlela - ukuxhunyelelwa. Manje sizoxoxa ngendlela ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Ukuhlukaniswa kube izingxenye kanje:

1. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi noma eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Agasti (ekuqaleni nokuphela kwenkathi ekhulayo) kuyadingeka ukumba amahlathi omama.
2. Ukunciphisa ukuphefumula kwamanzi nokuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezitshalo ezizodwa esikhathini esizayo ezihlahleni zebele, zonke izihlumela kufanele ziqedwe.
3. Hlukanisa ama-rhizomes zibe izingxenye.
4. Ukuze ulandele i-delenki emithonjeni elungiselelwe, ngaphandle kokumba ngokungadingekile izitshalo zibe phansi.
5. Nisela amanzi okutshala.
6. Uma ufuna ukuhlukanisa izihlahla eziyinhloko zibe izingxenye ezincane, awukwazi ukuzitshala emhlabathini, kodwa ezigubheni zokukhula usayizi oyifunayo.

Ukusika kwenziwa kanje:

1. Sika kusukela emahlumela we-bellflower cuttings we-3 cm, ukuze ngamunye wabo abe nama-1-2 efihlekile.
2. Ukwehla okumile ngamaminithi angu-30.
3. Gcwalisa i-perlite ehlanziwe noma inhlanganisela yesihlabathi bese uphahla ipulethi yamaseli amaningi wokutshala izinto.
4. Izihlahla zezitshalo zezitshalo ezingu-3 ngamaseli ngayinye.
5. Nisela izithombo ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ukunisela akufanele kube njalo, njengoba umswakama wenhlabathi ugcinwa kahle ngaphansi kwe-polyethylene, futhi uphefa - ngezikhathi ezithile. Uhlelo lwempande lwe-cuttings lwakhiwa ngokugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-20.

Uhlobo lokushisa

Cishe zonke izinhlobo zebell zigcwele ubusika-obuqinile, kuyilapho zigcina amazinga okushisa aphansi kuze kube ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-40. Ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu, izitshalo zasebusika azikwazi ukumbozwa.

Uma esifundeni sakho ubusika bunzima, bese kuwa, ukuze kuvinjelwe izimbali ekuqhenqeni, izihlahla ezinqunywe yizimpande zingathululelwa ngamaqabunga owomile noma i-peat, futhi ungawafaka ngamaqabunga e-spruce.

Izinkinga ezinokwenzeka ekukhuleni

Izinkinga ezikhethekile ekukhuleni lezi zimbali azitholakali. Ngaphandle kwezidingo ezingenhla zokukhanyisa, imithombo yamanzi kanye nokushisa, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukusila njalo, ukukhulula inhlabathi, kanye nokususwa okwesikhashana kwamahlumela aphelile.

Enye into okudingeka uyiqaphele lapho ukhula lesi sitshalo izifo nezinambuzane.

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

Kungashiwo ukuthi insimbi enamathele imelene nezifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Kodwa uma izitshalo zikhula isikhathi eside endaweni efanayo ensimini yakho, khona-ke kukhona usongo lwezifo ezinjengalezi:

• i-fusarium - izifo ezigxile zezitshalo ezibangelwa isikhunta se-Fusarium yohlobo. Umthombo wokutheleleka uthinte inhlabathi nembewu. Kulesi sifo, i-collar yezimpande nezimpande ngokwabo zibolile. Izindwangu ziba nsundu, isiqu siba mncane, amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka, emva kwalokho isitshalo sife. Indlela yokulawula i-Fusarium - ukwelashwa kwezitshalo zezimbali ngezifungicide ezinama-azol, isibonelo, "Fundazole";
• i-sclerotinia, noma i-white rot - Lawa angama-marsupials, abulala izimbali ezimhlophe, amaqabunga namaqabunga. Umthombo wokutheleleka umhlabathi ongcolile. Izinyathelo zokulwa nalesi sifo kuyoba ukuhlola ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, ukumba umhlabathi ekwindla nokubhubhisa izitshalo ezigulayo;
• i-botrytiosis, noma i-gray gray - amakhowe ama-botrytis amancane. Izimpawu zokunqotshwa - amaqabunga ezitshalo ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele ngamachashazi aqukethe izinhlamvu zefungus. Isilinganiso sokuvimbela singasiphilisa njalo izinsuku ezingu-14 ngenhlanganisela ye-2 g ye-sulphate yethusi kanye no-20 g we-soap eluhlaza (izinambuzane ezilwa nezinambuzane). Ukusetshenziswa kwe-1.5% ye-Bordeaux liquid kuzophinde kusebenze.

Kunezitha ezinjalo zezinsimbi njengezinambuzane eziyingozi:

• amacimbi okudla amaqabunga;
• isi-spider mite;
• i-slobbering penny;
• slugs

Kusukela ezinambuzane ngasinye kukhona amalungiselelo ezinambuzane ezingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile.

Ukufingqa lokhu okungenhla, sigcizelela ukuthi uma ulandela zonke izinyathelo ezilula zokutshala, ukunakekelwa nokuvimbela izifo ezinkanjeni ezigcwele, lezi zitshalo ezingenakuzithoba ziphelele kulabo abathandi bezitshalo zensimu ze-ornamental abangenaso isikhathi esiningi sokunakekela insimu yabo njalo.