Wonke umnikazi wesakhiwo sakhe somhlaba mhlawumbe waphupha ngotshani ekhanyayo futhi ehlotshiswe kahle. Le mininingwane ye-landscape iphenduka i-cottage ejwayelekile yehlobo ekhoneni elithule futhi elihle elivela emadolobheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwendawo enkulu eluhlaza kudala i-microclimate ekhethekile ehlasela isimo somuntu, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezishisayo zonyaka. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanqume ukudala le phytocenosis engosini yabo siqu, njengoba kudinga ukunakwa okuningi, kanye nolwazi olungeziwe mayelana nokunakekelwa okufanele. Kulesi sihloko sanquma ukuthinta isihloko esisodwa kulezi zinkinga, okungukuthi: iziqili eziyinhloko zokugaya okwenziwe utshani.
Inhloso yetshani
Ngokuqinisekile ngamunye wenu wabona kuqala utshani oluhlelwe kahle kwelinye lamafilimu angaphandle. Le mininingwane ye-landscape isibe isipho. uphawu lwezinga eliphezulu nodumo. Yingakho, emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, imfashini yalolu hlobo lwezandla zokutshala isandalala phakathi kwabaningi bakithi. Nokho, ngokuvamile iningi alwazi ngenhloso eyinhloko yamatshani. 
Okokuqala, isembozo sotshani esifanelwe futhi esifushane eduze kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo zokwakha isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokuhlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinabantu abaningi. Ukumboza utshani obomvu hhayi kuphela ithuthukisa inani jikelele lezakhiwo zezwe elenziwe, kodwa futhi uphefumulela ukuphila emakhiweni aphezulu wekhonkrithi emadolobheni. Lesi yisinye sezimo eziyinhloko zokwandisa isimo somzwelo jikelele wabantu, ngakho-ke namuhla izindawo ezinabantu abaningi abakwazi ukuzenza ngaphandle kwemigqomo.
Uyazi? Umlando wamagqabha uneminyaka eyizinkulungwane, ukukhulunywa okokuqala kwalesi simo sokutholakala esitholakala kumaPheresiya asendulo, amaGreki namaRoma.
It has garden utshani futhi inani lobuchwepheshe. Izitshalo zensimbi zihlukaniswa yizimpande eziyinkimbinkimbi nezixhunyiwe, ngakho-ke, ngokulima okuqhubekayo kwezitshalo ezinjalo, kungenzeka ukuba uvikeleke kahle ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi, okuyisidingo esibalulekile emithambekeni noma ezindaweni ezihlala phansi. Utshani luyisihlungi se-air. Izitshalo eziqinile ze-herbaceous zingathola amakhemikhali enobungozi obuyingozi, kanye nobumbebe obomvu ebusweni babo. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zokhuni vula inhlabathi enesibindi neyinkimbinkimbi ibe yilitha elithambile nelomnandi ngemifino efanayo, kungekho nokhula. Ubuso obunjalo buphephile ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemidlalo yasemgwaqweni kanye nokuchitha isikhathi okusebenzayo. Yingakho ikhava yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi ehlotshiswe kahle ayiyona nje ifoni, kodwa futhi ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi isayithi.
Hlwanyela utshani esakhiweni, ungakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela noma usebenzise imiqulu eyenziwe ngomumo - izendlalelo zotshani ngesisekelo senetha.
Indlela yokusika
Kubalimi abaningi, ukugaya utshani kubonakala sengathi kuyinye yezinyathelo ezilula zokuzinakekela. Yingakho ukugqoka okuluhlaza kungatholakali yonke indawo. Abalimi abaningi benza amaphutha amakhulu ngesikhathi sokutshala utshani, okuholela ekulimazeni ngokweqile izitshalo ngisho nasekuqedeni okuphelele kwemifino ezindaweni ezithile. Okulandelayo, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe zonke izinselele zezinqubo.
Indlela yokusika okokuqala
Ukunqunywa kokuqala kumele kuqalwe ngemuva kokufinyelela utshani. Ubude obungaphansi kuka-8-10 cm. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yezitshalo, inqubo ingaqaliswa esikhathini esizayo, lapho utshani bufinyelela ubude obuyi 12-13 cm. Ngalesi sikhathi inani eliphezulu lezitshalo liyophakama, kanti ubude bawo buzovumela ukudala utshani obufanelwe. Kuye ngesimo sezulu nesimo somhlabathi, lesi sikhathi siwela ngezikhathi ezahlukene zikaMeyi.
Ukuqala izinwele kufanele kube lula, ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa utshani ngamaphesenti angu-2-3 akunconywanga, ngoba ngalesi sigaba, izitshalo ezincane zihambisana kuphela nokuphakama okufanayo. Ukwengeza, ukusika kalula kwamacebiso ezinsimu kusiza ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe-cenosis encane, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukukhula okujulile kwezitshalo phezu kwendawo yonke, kuze kufinyeleleke ngokuphelele isikhala samahhala.
Ividiyo: ukugaya kuqala kokutshala
Kubalulekile! Ukusika utshani ngokuphelele kunqatshelwe ukukhanda izinwele zokuqala, kuzobangela ukomisa nokufa kwezitshalo ezincane..
Ukuphakama ukuphakama
Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhetha ukuphakama okuhle kwenhlabathi, abalimi abaningi bezitshalo bathembele ekuthandeni kwabo nasezintweni zabo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela akuzona isimo esiyinhloko sokukhetha ukuphakama okutshani okwedlulele, ngoba le nkomba inomhlahlandlela owemukelekile. Ukuphakama ukuphakama, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuxhomeke kuhlobo lomtshani nenhloso yalo. Ngemihlaba ehlobisayo, ubude obunobumba obude buyi-4-7 cm. 
Uma izilwane zifanele zihambe emanzini, ukudlala imidlalo esebenzayo, njll, ukuphakama kufanele kugcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-4-7 cm. Uma kwenzeka utshani ludutshulwa nsuku zonke (izizathu zezemidlalo, njll) ngesikhathi sokusebenza, utshani kufanele bubekwe uphawu 3-4 cm
Kubalulekile! Ezikhathini zehlobo zasehlobo ezishisa kakhulu, ukuphakama kwenhlabathi kufanele kube yi-1-2 cm ephakeme kunezindinganiso ezichazwe, lokhu kuzokuvikela izitshalo ukuba zome.
Ukuma kwegundane
Ukuze unike intshonalanga izinkulumo ezifanele futhi ezinhle, kufanele uqale kuqala unqume ngesimo sefomu nobukhulu bezitshalo. Utshani lungadalwa ngendlela yesigcawu esivamile, noma kungenziwa ukwakheka okuhlangene okuningi. Imidwebo edingekayo yesikhumba semifino ichazwe ngosizo lwezingodo ezincane, eziqhutshelwa enhlabathini ebangeni elingama-20-50 cm komunye nomunye.
Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwesigqila, ukuma kwendwangu yesitshalo kulungiswa ngosizo lwemishini yokulima yokuhluma. Le nqubo kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ngoba isitshalo ngasinye sivame ukukhula futhi siphule isici esifanele sokwakheka. Ukwakha utshani obunamathemikhali amaningi, ukwembiswa kukhishwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, uvumelanisa ungqimba ophezulu, bese uqhubeka ukusika phansi. 
Ukusebenzisa ama-mowers asetsheni isikebhe esikhethekile, umshini wokugaya utshani noma ukusika. Uma uguqula umshini we-lawnmower, kufanele ulandele inqubo ekhethekile yokusebenzisa idivayisi. Ukusika utshwala kufanele kuqalwe kusuka emaceleni amancane, emva kwalokho inqubo yenziwa ngezinhlangothi ezide zesakhiwo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukuhambisa kokubili phambili nangakwesinye isinyathelo, ukubuka okuhambisanayo nakancane emgqeni ngamunye. Uma ukusika, ukuqondisa nokuhamba komklamo akubalulekile, ngakho-ke ungahamba ukusuka kunoma iyiphi indawo futhi kunoma iyiphi indlela. Izikrini zisetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kokugcina kwezindawo ezincane okulukhuni ukufinyelela kuzo imishini eyinhloko.
Izincomo eziyinhloko zokufeza intshani ephelele:
- ngaphambi kokuqala ukugaya, kuyadingeka ukususa wonke amathuluzi engadini kanye nezinye izinto kusayithi, kuhlanganise zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zokutshala;
- inqubo kufanele iqhutshwe ekuseni noma kusihlwa, esimweni sezulu esifudumele, esinamafu (kunconywa kakhulu ukuba ungadli utshani emvula);
- ukusika utshani kufanele kwenziwe kahle, ngaphandle kokunyakaza okungazelelwe futhi ngokucophelela, kungenjalo kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukufeza utshani olufanelwe;
- uma kungabonakali izigameko esiteshini, khona-ke utshani kufanele bunqunywe nge-angeli kuya emqondeni wezintambo.
Amaphutha amakhulu
Namuhla, abalimi abaningi benza amaphutha amaningi ohlobo olufanayo lapho benakekela utshani. Nakuba, ekuboneni kokuqala, ngamunye wabo akaholeli emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu ye-phytocenosis, kodwa ngokubanzi bayakwazi ukubhubhisa isembozo sotshani.
Okuvamile phakathi kwabo yilezi:
- ukwephulwa kwemvamisa yenqubo yokugaya - kuholela ekusungulweni kwembewu ezitshalweni, emva kwalokho izinqubo zokumiswa kwemvelo zotshani ziqaliswa;
- ukuhlwanyela utshani ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwe-1/3 ngokulingana nobude obuphelele bezitshalo - kwephula amandla okuvuselela utshani, okuholela ekufeni kwayo;
- ukunquma izinwele ezimweni ezomile, ngaphandle kokukhipha inhlabathi kuqala-kuholela ekuqothulweni kwezitshalo kanye nengxenye yesimiso;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi angalungile ngokuchofoza - kuholele ekulimazeni ezitshalweni nokubola kwawo, okubangela ukulahlekelwa kokulinganisa ubuhle emanzini.
Ziningi kangakanani ukusika
Sika intshani kufanele ibe ngezikhathi zonke kule nkathi. Ukuvama kwalokhu inqubo kuncike ezintweni eziningi, ezifaka izici zezulu zendawo, uhlobo lwezitshalo ezikhulile, nenkathi. Esimo sezulu esifudumele, utshani buvame ukutshontsha kanye ngesonto. Ngesikhathi sesomiso sasehlobo eside, ukuthuthukiswa okuncane nokukhula kwezitshalo kubonakala, ngakho-ke, ukusika kwenziwa isikhathi 1 ezinsukwini ezingu-8-9. 
Futhi ngezikhathi zokwephuza ngokweqile noma ngesimo sezulu esifudumele somswakama, utshani bunqunywa njalo ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu. I-last lawn trim yenziwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa lokushisa nsuku zonke liwela ku + 10-12 ° C, elibeka izitshalo endaweni yokuphumula. Hlaziya inqubo kuphela ngenkathi elandelayo, ngokushisa okuvamile kwansuku zonke ngaphezu kuka -10 ° C.
Ukukhetha indlela
Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo zemishini emakethe enikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle kwetshani endaweni yabo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona kokubili umshini nophethiloli, kanye namadivayisi kagesi. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo zobuchwepheshe kunezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, esizoxoxa ngazo ngokuningiliziwe.
Izindwangu zokhula
Izindwangu zensimbi zikhona idivaysi yokunakekela engadini elula kakhulu. Ngokwezimo zabo zokusebenza kanye nefomu, azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa nezikhwama zasendlini ezaziwayo, kodwa zinezilinganiso ezithandekayo kakhulu nokumelana nokugqoka. Idivayisi enjalo iyimfanelo edingekayo yokunakekelwa utshani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usayizi nobani botshani. 
Izikrini zisetshenziselwa ukusika utshani ezindaweni ezincane ezisezindleleni, kanye nasezindaweni ezilukhuni zokufinyelela kwamagundane kanye ne-trimmers (ezungeze esitolo, imihlobiso yegadi, njll). Ukukhishwa okugcwele okukwenziwe akusebenzi.
Hlola izingcweti zethu zensimu.
I-Garden trimmers
I-trimmer iyinjini kanye nenduku yokudlulisa, emkhawulweni wayo kukhona into ejikelezayo ngemimese. Njengoba ummese wokusika ungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokudoba eplastiki ejulile, ne-disks metal. Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziselwa ukugaya ama-trimmers ukutshala izilinganiso ezincane noma eziphakathi, uma kwenzeka ukugaya ngendwangu ye-lawnmower akuyona ingqondo (utshani obuningi obuningi bomuthi, noma inqwaba yezinto ezihlabayo), noma emagqabeni anezinhlawulo ezinkulu.
Uyazi? Ukuqothula utshani kwakhiwa ngo-1971 nguGeorge Bollas, osomabhizinisi waseMelika ovela emzini wase Houston.
Izi-trimmers zinezinhlobo ezimbili: uphethiloli nogesi. Amandla athandwa kakhulu ngoba awadingi izindleko ezengeziwe kwiphethiloli futhi kulula ukulondoloza. 
Noma kunjalo, ama-trimmers kagesi ngokuvamile awamandla aphansi, futhi ucingo oluvela kubo ludala izinkinga eziningi. Kudinga ukunwetshwa okungeziwe, futhi kuhlale kuphazamiseke ngezihlahla, izihlahla nezinye izithiyo.
Funda futhi ngezinzuzo nezinsalela zikaphethiloli kanye nezigesi zikagesi, kanye nokujwayela ukulinganisa kwezigesi ezigesi.
I-petrol trimmer iyiselula eselula futhi enamandla kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza yenza umsindo omkhulu futhi unesisindo esikhulu, esidinga ukuqina komzimba okuhle. 
Amagundane okugaya
Amamoni angama-lawn angamadivayisi avamile okutshala utshani. Ziyisigxoko lapho isigubhu esijikelezayo nama-blade senziwe khona. Le mower ikuvumela ukusika ngokushesha utshani, nokufezekisa cishe ukuphakama kokutshala okuphelele. Kodwa ama-mowers asemagqabi afaneleka kuphela ezindaweni ezibushelelezi futhi akhululekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezithiyo.
Amamoni amagatsha asemagqabini ayimishini, uphethiloli kanye nogesi. I-mechanical idivayisi elula, eqhutshwa amandla angenamandla. Amadivayisi anjalo ayathuli futhi angabizi, kodwa hlela utshani kuphela ngemimese eqondile, kanye nokuhlinzekela ngokujulile ngokomzimba. 
Amandla anikwe amandla kagesi. Zinezinamandla kakhulu futhi zilula kakhulu kunezinsimbi, kodwa, njengoba kunjalo nangama-trimmers kagesi, zidinga ukuxhumeka okuqhubekayo kumgridi wamandla, okuyinkimbinkimbi inqubo yokugaya. Muva nje, ama-mowers angenawo amakhemikhali abonakale emakethe, kodwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zokuphila, azithandwa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimboni zensimbi: izinhlobo namanothi athandwayo; izinqubo zokukhetha umshini wokugcoba ugesi kanye ne-10 best best gasoline power drivers; ukulungisa ama-mowers ama-lawn ngezandla zabo.
Ngokuvame kakhulu ensimini ungathola umshini wephesolli. Le divayisi ikuvumela ukuba usike ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile utshani cishe noma yikuphi ukuphakama. Amamoni asemagatsheni angamadivayisi asebenzayo. Ngaphansi kokuthengwa kwamashubhu angashintshashintshayo, angakwazi ukubhekana nezihlahla ezincane noma abe umlimi, i-snowplow, njll. Ukulimala okuyinhloko komgogodla kungumsindo ophezulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nesidingo samafutha abizayo.
Uyazi? Umqambi wokuqala we-lawnm wasungulwa ngumsunguli wesiNgisi u-Edwin Beard ngo-1830.
Ubuningi obungadingi izinwele
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, okuthiwa ama-lawn for the lazy, angadingi ukugqoka njalo, athola ukuthandwa kakhulu. Zinezinhlobo ezikhethekile zezitshalo ezikhula kancane ezikhula, noma ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi yezinhlobo eziningana. Izinzuzo zabo, ngokuphathelene nezindlela zendabuko zokutshala utshani, ziyabonakala. Ukunakekela utshani olunjalo kunciphisa kuphela ukuchelela okwesikhashana, ukudla kanye kuphela 3-4 ukulinganisa nge mower ngesizini ngasinye.
Okuthandwa kakhulu emanzini anjalo kungukuthi:
- i-shoveler yensimu;
- insimu utshani;
- inhlanganisela utshani "utshani lobuMoor";
- utshani utshani "imifino utshani".
- "utshani kubantu abavilaphayo" kaningi aluzithobeki ezimweni zomhlabathi, futhi kumelana ne-penumbra;
- Lawns ezinjalo ziphikisana kakhulu nesomiso nezinye izinselele zemvelo;
- Ezimweni eziningi, amakhambi akhula kancane akhule phezu kwensimu, ngoba cishe bonke bayakwazi ukuqhuma okusheshayo ngosizo lwamahlumela.
Funda ukuthi imifino ifana nobani nokuthi unakekele kanjani utshani kusuka e-white clover, i-red fescue, i-meadow fescue, i-styloid bryozoa, i-Liliput utshani.
Imithetho yokunakekela utshani obunjiwe
Ukuze uzuze utshani obuluhlaza obuhlaza, ukusika utshani okwanele akukwanele. Ngenxa yalolu hlelo, izitshalo zonakaliswe kakhulu, ezingaphazamisa umsebenzi obalulekile wezindawo zonke zomntshani. Ngakho-ke, asikwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okwengeziwe nge-phytocenosis ewonakele. 
Ukwenza lokhu:
- ukuphuza utshani njalo - amanzi amaningi anesisusa esiyinhloko ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwezitshalo;
- Qinisekisa ukuthi ukondla izitshalo ngemifuno eyinkimbinkimbi okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka ngamunye;
- ukuhlunga ngezikhathi ezithile utshani ne-aerate;
- i-mulch utshani - lokhu kuzokusiza ukulinganisa ubuso, kanye nokondla ngokwengeziwe utshani;
- ukuhlwanyela ngezikhathi ezithile izindawo ezimele kakhulu ngezinhlamvu ezintsha.
Ukunisela utshani kumele kufefa noma ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo.
Ukulungisa umtshani wokunakekelwa kwebusika nokusabalalisa
Ukulungiswa kwetshani ebusika kufanele kuqale ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba.
Inqubo inezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Intshani kufanele ihlolwe ngokucacile ngokuba khona kwamabala okuhlanzeka, okumele kuhlwanyelwe imbewu entsha.
- Ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba, utshani kumele bondliwe ngamaminerali omanyolo. Izingxube ze-Phosphorus-potassium zingcono kakhulu kule njongo.
- Ephakathi kwekwindla, ngosuku olusenyakile nolomile, kubalulekile ukuthi utshani bube ne-fan enamehlo. Lokhu kuzovikela izitshalo kusuka eqhweni leqhwa ebusika.
- Ukukhishwa kwezinwele okugcina kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kukaNovemba, emva kwalokho umtshani ushiywe yedwa kuze kube yonyaka ozayo.
Kubalulekile! Ngemuva kokunquma izinwele ekugcineni ngenkathi, kuvinjelwe ukuhamba etshanini ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ikhava yeqhwa, njengoba izitshalo kudingeka zilulame ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokushisa kwezulu.
Ividiyo: ilungiselela utshani ebusika
После зимовки подготовка лужайки к новому сезону начинается с первой полноценной оттепелью.
Процесс состоит из следующих этапов:
- Ngemuva kokuthi amanzi encibilikisiwe afakwe ngokuphelele enhlabathini, utshani kumele lukhishwe ngamanqamu futhi lube ne-fan.
- Okulandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola indawo yokuba khona kwezinhlasi ezifile noma izindawo zokubala. Izindawo ezithintekayo zidinga ukumba bese zihlwanyela utshani obusha.
- Ngaphambi kokuba izinga lokushisa lomoya likhuphuke kakhulu, izindawo ezimele inhlabathi kufanele zikhishwe.
- Ukuqothula kokuqala kwentwasahlobo yentwasahlobo kwenziwa ngenkathi ukuphakama kwezitshalo kufinyelela okungenani ngo-10 cm, khona-ke utshani kufanele lunqunywe ngamanyolo e-ammonia.
Ividiyo: ukunakekelwa kanye nokunakekela utshani
Ukuzilungisa kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwegundane, njengoba nje ukulinganisa kwenhlanhla kuncike kule nqubo, kodwa futhi nokuqina kwayo. Ngakho-ke, lolu daba kumele ludluliselwe ngomthwalo othile kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ngaphansi kwazo zonke izincomo, utshani lwakho luzokuthokozisa wena nabathandekayo bakho ngezingubo zokukhanya eziluhlaza kuze kube sekwindla.
