Ukuhamba ehlathini lasekwindla kuhlinzeka ithuba lokuphefumula umoya omusha, ujabulele ubuhle bemvelo bese ubutha amakhowe. Ukuya "ekuzingeleni okuthulile", udinga ukugxila ekuqinisekiseni kwamakhowe. Esihlokweni sethu sizoxoxa ngomunye wabo - isiPolish.
Kudla noma cha
Unamagama amaningana - lokhu kokubili i-pansky ne-chestnut, futhi "inkosi yama-mokhovikovs" noma i-Oleshek. Ubhekene nesigaba sesibili sokwakhiwa. Ngokubukeka kufana kakhulu nama-boletus, ngokuvamile badidekile. Lena umkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu futhi unempilo. Kodwa, ngeshwa, akuyona into evamile kulabo abaqoqi be-mushroom.
Incazelo ye-botanical
I-Mokhovikov iyingxenye yamakhowe abulalayo ngenxa yenyama enesifo se-cap.
Thola izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamakhowe ezidliwayo nezingenayo.
Hat
Ema-mokhovikov amancane emaphethelweni we-cap ahlanganiswe, futhi kulabo abavuthiwe-phezulu. Ibukeka sengathi i-cushion-shaped, 10-14 cm ububanzi. Kungaba isifuba noma umbala obomvu, umbala okhanyayo noma obumnyama. Ukususa isikhumba akulula.
Ungqimba olubulalayo
Ama-tubules aphuzi. Emhlanganisweni onomlenze unesidingo esincane. Ubude be-tubes buba ngu-2 cm, banezinhlamvu ezincane, okuthi, uma zivuthiwe, ziba mkhulu futhi zishintshe umbala ube ophuzi.
Pulp
Ngezinye izikhathi ama-mushroom asePoland abizwa ngokuthi amaPolish amhlophe, kodwa lokhu akunjalo ngokuphelele. Wabonakala leli gama ngenxa yombala omhlophe wenyama ye-cap. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa kube ophuzi. Uma ucindezela phansi inyama, umbala wayo uguquka okwesibhakabhaka. Iphunga le-mushroom, lihle kakhulu.
Umlenze
Smooth, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngezikali ezincane, umlenze esisekelweni ukhula kancane. Ukuphakama kwalo kungaphezu kuka-10 cm, kanti ububanzi buba ngu-3-4 cm. Umbala ungaba mnyama noma ube mnyama. Inyama isinyene, ekunquneni kuthola umbala okwesibhakabhaka.
Isiphi futhi ukuqoqa kuphi
Oleshki ayikhule yonke indawo. Ababekezeli isomiso futhi bakhetha isimo sezulu esenyakatho. Ngakho-ke, zingatholakala eYurophu noma eMpumalanga Ekude.
Ifomu le-Oleshki i-mycorrhiza enezimpande zezihlahla ze-coniferous. Ngokuvamile, zingatholakala ngaphansi kwe-oki noma i-chestnut. Udinga ukubheka amabhu emahlathini e-coniferous emadlelweni aphethwe ngamanzi. Ngokuqondile eduze kwama-trunks, cishe akhule.
Inkathi yokuqoqa kwabo iqala lapho abamhlophe namathumba sebephelile. I-Mokhoviki ikhula ngamacembu ngesikhashana. Ukukhetha inhlabathi ngemvelo eyi-acidic.
Kubalulekile! Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amakhowe, njengesipanji, athola yonke into emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuwaqoqa kude nemigwaqo kanye namabhizinisi ahlukahlukene.
Yini engadideka: ama-mushin ama-twin
Amakhowe asePoland ngokubukeka afana nesilwane samakhowe, i-motley moth, ne-moth eluhlaza. Kodwa zonke lezi zibonelo ziyadliwa:
- in moth kuyinto hat motley brownish nge imifantu ebomvu. Uhlaka oluyingqayizivele lombala ophuzi. Umlenze uyisicaba. Kuyafaneleka ukudla;
- I-flywheel eluhlaza inesikhwama esibomvu esinamabala aluhlaza. Ihluke emiphakathini yasePoland enkulu yama-angular yombala ophuzi. Umlenze wehla phansi uba mncane;
- induna yemakhowe, nakuba ingafaneleki enobuthi, kepha ayidliwayo ayikwazi ukubizwa. Emlenzeni, unamaphethini omumo. Ungqimba lwe-tubular pink. It has ukunambitheka okubabayo. Ngemuva kokusika, ikhipha ithala.
Njengoba i-mushroom enobuciko kanye no-satanic iyingxenye yama-mushroom angenakulungiswa, funda indlela yokukhomba amanga e-orange-cap boletus, ama-russules angenayo, ama-sham-beetles, isambulela se-mushroom.
I-mushroom kaSathane ibhekwa njengamawele amabili kuphela. Izici zayo ezihlukile zihlanganisa:
- ijaji liluhlaza noma liluhlaza. Isendlalelo se-tubular sibomvu;
- umlenze ngesimiso sezintambo, ngezansi - ezinemibala yezitini, nangaphezulu - i-orange;
- uma ezilimele, i-pulp kuqala iba bomvu bese iphendulela okwesibhakabhaka.
Kubalulekile! Inyama yefungus kaSathane ithinta isikhungo sokuphefumula futhi ibangela ukukhubazeka.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
Okuqukethwe kwekhalori ye-flywheel kungu-18 kcal. Iqukethe cishe i-1.8 g yamaprotheni, i-0.7 g yamafutha nama-carbohydrate, angaba ngu-1.4 g.
U-Oleshok unomthamo ocebile kakhulu we-vitamin namaminerali. Ihlanganisa cishe onke amavithamini eqembu B - B9, B6, B2, B1.
Funda futhi mayelana nezakhiwo eziwusizo kanye nesicelo kumagatsha ahlukahlukene amakhowe: ubisi amakhowe, ama-boletus, ama-ceps, ama-shiitake, i-chaga (i-birch fungus).
Ngaphezu kwabo, kukhona:
- i-choline;
- i-vitamin PP;
- i-vitamin C.
U-Oleshek ungamanzi angu-90%. Ekubunjweni kwayo kukhona i-mono - ne-disaccharides, kanye nama-amino acids angaphezu kuka-10 (isibonelo, tianin). Le-amino acid inciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi futhi inomphumela wokuqeda.
Uyazi? Emakhowe asePoland okuqukethwe kwamavithamini weqembu B kuphakeme kunezitshalo nezitshalo.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlanganisela, ukwakheka nakho kuhlanganisa:
- i-zinc;
- i-manganese;
- i-potassium;
- i-sodium;
- i-fluorine;
- i-phosphorus;
- ithusi nezinye izakhi.
Sebenzisa ekuphekeni
I-Mokhovikov, nakuba iwela esigabeni sesibili sokwakhiwa, ibhekwa njengento enhle. Kusuka kubo ungakwazi ukupheka isobho nama-saladi, ukugxila amaphayi kanye ne-pizza. Zomisiwe, zomisiwe, ziqoshiwe futhi ziqhwa. Inqubo yokupheka kukhona iphunga elimnandi. Ngesitoreji esifanele, lokhu kudla okugcinayo kuyagcina izindawo zayo cishe izinyanga ezingu-6. Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni kufana nenyama, ngakho ungayisebenzisa izitsha zemifino.
Uyazi? Kusukela ku-mokhovikov thola imibala yokudla, ikakhulukazi ephuzi, futhi uma usebenzisa i-mordant, i-orange noma igolide.
Indlela yokuhlanza
Ngaphambi kokupheka izidingo ze-Oleshki:
- susa amahlumela, utshani obomile nezinye izinhlanga;
- hlela izimpethu kanye nezinsalela ze-mycelium;
- susa isikhumba ku-cap;
- hlambulula kahle izikhathi eziningana emanzini okugeleza;
- cwilisa amahora amaningana emanzini anosawoti;
- hlambulula izikhathi ezimbalwa.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokupheka amakhowe: i-pickling (ama-chanterelles, amakhowe asendle, amakhowe amakhowe, i-riadovki), i-pickling (amakhowe omisiwe), ukoma (ama-mushroom ama-oyster), iqhwa (amhlophe, ama-mushroom ama-oyster, ama-chanterelles, amakhowe, ama-mushroom).
Indlela yokupheka
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-mushroom yasePoland ayikwazi ukupheka, futhi ngokushesha i-Fry. Kodwa kungcono ukungabi yingozi.
- Ama-specimens amakhulu anqunywa zibe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezine, futhi amancane asele ahleliwe.
- Sithatha ibhodlo elikhulu, njengoba umkhiqizo uphuthuma kakhulu.
- Bilisa izikhathi eziningana imizuzu engu-20, ushintsha amanzi.
- I-Oleshki iphosa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke upheke ngokushesha noma ushiye umhluzi.
Indlela yokupheka
Iningi ngokuvamile mohovichki marinate. Kulokhu sidinga:
- I-loafie eyi-1 kg;
- amafutha (i-sunflower noma umnqumo).
Ku-marinade:
- 1 l amanzi;
- 1 tbsp. l usawoti;
- 1 tbsp. l ushukela;
- 4-5 clove of garlic;
- Amaqabunga ama-3-4;
- Izingcezu ezingu-5 ukuqoshwa;
- 50 ml weviniga.
Inqubo yokupheka kanje:
- Umkhiqizo ohlanjululwe futhi olungiselelwe (sidonsa izingxenye ezinkulu zibe izingxenye eziningana) kuphekwe emanzini anosawoti (1 ilitha lamanzi - 1 tsp. Usawoti) imizuzu emihlanu emva kokubilisa.
- Geza umhluzi, geza i-Oleshki.
- Gcwalisa ngamanzi anosawoti futhi bese ubilise imizuzu engu-30 emva kokubilisa.
- Geza bese ugeza.
- Thela marinade bese ubilise imizuzu engu-7.
- Spread mohovichki kanye nama marinade ngezimbiza eziyinyumba.
- Phezulu ngamafutha amancane.
- Vala ngamabhodlela bese uqaqa.
- Uhlanganiswe ngento ethile efudumele futhi ushiye ukupholisa.
Siyajabula kakhulu ngokuthi sikhombise ukuthi singatholaphi amakhowe asePoland nokuthi singawahlukanisa kanjani nabanye, kuhlanganise nabanobuthi. Jabulela iqiniso lokuthi uwaqoqa, futhi izitsha ezimnandi ezingaphekwe nazo.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi:
