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I-Cherry

I-cherry esiphezulu: izici, ukulima kwe-agro-ubuchwepheshe, ukusika izihlahla

I-cherry ye-steppe ivame emazweni ase-USSR yangaphambili, ikakhulu eRussia.

Kuvame ukuzalanisa, futhi kubekezelela ukushisa okuphakeme nokuphansi.

Kulesi sihloko sizocabangela zonke izici zokulima.

Incazelo yehlathi

I-cherry ye-Steppe ikhula ngesimo se-shrub iphinde ifinyelele ukuphakama okungaphezulu kuka-2 m. Emagatsheni aqondile noma aphansi ahlambalaza noma aluhlaza, amaqabunga amancane ahlaza okwesibindi, kuze kube ngu-8 cm ubude, atholakala kuma-petioles ama-1.5 cm. ibhola lihlelwe, ububanzi balo buyi-1 m.

Uyazi? Ama Cherries afika ensimini yaseYurophu eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule evela eChina naseCaucasus.
Izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe zikhula zodwa noma ezise-inflorescences, ziqhakaza entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga akhule emuva, phakathi nendawo kuya ku-15 stamens itholakale, ikhula kakhulu. Lezi zihlukahlukene zidinga ukuvota-pollination, ngakho udinga ukutshala ama cherry ambalwa.

Uhlelo lwempande lusetshenziswe kahle, izimpande zide, 1.5 m ububanzi, nobubanzi obuyi-8 m, cishe u-0.5 m ezibekwe phezulu.

Incazelo yezithelo

Izithelo zihlahla izithelo ezidliwayo ezidliwayo ezivela ebomvu zibe zibomvu, zingaphezu kuka-3 cm ububanzi. Izithelo ziyinkimbinkimbi, ngezinye izikhathi zihlukaniswa kancane, zigcwele isikhumba esingaqinile, zibe nesisindo esingama-3 g ngasinye, zikhule ngeziqu ezincane. Inyama yesithelo isemanzi, ukunambitheka kuyomuncu-okumnandi, ngaphakathi kukhona ithambo elilindile elingaba ngu-5 mm ngobukhulu. Kusuka esithelweni yi-jam ebilisiwe, i-jam, i-compote, idliwe fresh.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-cherry eziyinhloko.

Izici eziyinhloko zefomu

Labo asebevele batshale uhlobo olunjalo lwe-cherry, phawula ukuphikisa kwalo ezimweni zokushisa ezimbi kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza isivuno esicebile.

Ubusika obunzima

I-shrub ibekezela ngokuqinile ukushisa phansi kuya ku--50 ° C. Nakuba uhlelo lwaso lwempande lungase luhlupheke ngesikhathi seqhwa elikhulu, libuyela ngokushesha. Ukusinda ama-frosts kanye nokufihla ukuphefumula bayakwazi ukukhanda.

Kubalulekile! I-Cherry asemahlathini yiwona ophikisana kakhulu nesithwathwa kuzo zonke izitshalo eziveza izithelo.

Ukubekezelelana kwesomiso

Ngenxa yokukhula okujulile kwezimpande, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry zibekezelela isikhathi esomile ngokunciphisa umswakama kuze kube ngu-20% nokushisa kwomoya ngaphezu kuka -40 ° C.

Ukuhluma nokuthela

Okokuqala, i-cherry cherry iqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesine-5 emva kokutshala, izithelo ziyaqhubeka zivuthwe iminyaka engu-35. Ukukhula komzimba kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Esinye isihlahla singakhula kuze kube ngu-11 kg amajikijolo ngesizini ngasinye, futhi kusuka ku-1 hektare kungenzeka ukuqoqa amathani angama-10 ama cherry.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezidume kakhulu zama cherries ase-steppe

Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zama cherry asezintabeni yizi:

  • "Bolotovskaya" - izithelo zivuthwe ngasekupheleni, ezinkulu, zibe nombala omnyama. Efanelekayo ezindaweni ezimile futhi ezibandayo, umqhele oqhakazile. Izihlahla ezincane zithela izithelo kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Awudingi ukuvota impova.
  • "Efunwa" - izithelo zibomvu, ubukhulu obuphakathi, zivuthwe phakathi kwehlobo, i-blooms zakuqala, amaqabunga aphethe amathiphu abukhali, amagatsha aphansi, akhuthazelela isithwathwa nesomiso kahle.
  • "Unomusa" - ihlathi elide, lihluma kahle iminyaka engu-32, izithelo ezimnyama, eliphakathi, elimnandi, elivuthwe ekupheleni kwehlobo, elimelana nesithwathwa nesomiso.
  • "I-Altai igwinya" - isihlahla srednerosly, sidinga izihlahla zonyaka, ukumelana neziqhwa ezinzima, zidinga impova, izithelo zithande, zivuthwe phakathi kwehlobo, zigcinwe kabi.
  • "Ashinskaya" - phezulu, ngezithelo ezinkulu nokuvuna okucebile, emva kokutshala kuqala ukuthela izithelo zeminyaka engama-4, kufanelekile ezindaweni ezimile kanye nezifunda ezinamaqhwa aphakathi, cishe angathinteki yi-fungi.
  • "Maksimovskaya" - izithelo ezinkulu ezibomvu zivuthwe ephakathi kwehlobo, i-oval kancane, umqhele wesigxathu, iziqu ezimbalwa, ukulwa nesithwathwa nesomiso.
  • "Irtysh" - ine-hardiness ebusika ekhethekile, kodwa ayibekezelelisi isomiso kabi, idinga impova, izithelo zingenasidingo, zifanelekile kakhulu ukulondolozwa kunokuba zisetshenziswe kalula.
  • "Subbotinsky" - Isihlahla esiphezulu kuze kufike ku-2.5m ukuphakama ngomqhele okhulu, ovame ukuthintwa yi-fungus futhi udinga ukusika izihlahla njalo, unikeza izithelo ezinkulu, ukumelana nesomiso kanye nesithwathwa kuyinto ephakathi.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Ukuze i-cherry ye-steppe ithwale izithelo kahle futhi isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala kwayo. Kumele kube kuhle, ngaphandle kwemidwebo, hhayi ephansi, ukuze amanzi angabe esemi lapho.

Isihlahla asiyithandi kakhulu ngomhlabathi, kodwa kuyoba ngcono uma uhlwanyela enhlabathini engenayo i-acidic, evulekile, ecebile.

Funda ukuthi i-asidi yenhlabathi isho ukuthini izitshalo nezitshalo nezitshalo nokuthi ungayibona kanjani ukuthi yi-acidity yenhlabathi esiqhingini sakho.

Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zidinga ukuvota-pollination, qaphela ukuthi kukhona ama cherry ambalwa.

Isikhathi esiphezulu nesiphakamiso sokuthutha sokunconywa

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-Cherry cherry kuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho iqhwa seliqhakazile kakade. Umhlabathi uqala ukucwiliswa ukujula kwa-20 cm bese ukhulelwa umquba, umquba, i-phosphate noma umanyolo we-potash.

2 amasonto ngaphambi kokutshala, ukumba izimbobo ngobuningi obuhambisana nomthamo wezimpande endaweni eqondisiwe, ucabangela ungqimba lwamanzi ka-10 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwawo akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-1.5 m. Isihlabathi kanye ne-peat ziyadluliselwa phansi emgodini. Ngemuva kokutshala, izithombo ziphuziswa kakhulu futhi zipholile ngomlotha.

Uyazi? E-United States kukhona i-National Day of Cherry Pie, egujwa ngoFebhuwari 20 (ngoFebruwari inyanga kazwelonke yama cherries). Kulolu suku, kuwumkhuba wokudla ama-pie cherry futhi uphathe abangane kubo.

Amaphuzu avelele ekunakekeleni

I-cherry ye-steppe ayifuni ukukhathalela, kodwa ngaphandle kwayo, isivuno ngeke sibe sicebile kakhulu, futhi impilo yehlathi ingahliswa.

Ukunisela

Ukuvimbela izimpande ekuboleni, baphuza ama-cherry omdala izikhathi ezintathu:

  1. Uma ikhula.
  2. Lapho izithelo ziboshwe.
  3. Lapho izithelo zivuthiwe.
Inani lamanzi ehlathini ngalinye akufanele lidlule amalitha angu-15, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nokushisa okuncane.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Utshani izihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo entwasahlobo nasekwindla, uma sekuphumula. Kodwa-ke, abanye balimi batusa ukutshala emva kokuqhakaza. Ama-Organic, humus, ash, phosphate, potash, ne-nitrogen fertilizer afanele ukufaka umquba.

Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi

Izwe elizungeze i-shrub kufanele likhululeke njalo, lingenalo ukhula, lingavumeli ukuba lisuse izakhi.

Ukuze ugcine umhlabathi ukhula isikhathi eside, futhi ukhula lukhula kakhulu, kunconywa ukuba kube nemithonjeni yemithombo yemvelo - amaqabunga owomile, u-sawdust, utshani obunamanzi, njll.

Ukusika izihlahla kanye nezihlahla

Ukusika izikhonkwane ezifanele zomqhele kuyisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle, ngoba ngeke kube khona ukuvuna emagatsheni athintekile kanye namahlumela amancane. Ukudubula kwenziwa minyaka yonke, kuqala ngomnyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwamahlathi.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokukhipha izihlahla nokwenza isihlahla:

  1. Ekwindla nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo, amahlumela abomile nalabo abathintekile kufanele ahlulwe.
  2. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula kwamagatsha ahlangothini, unqume isiqephu sehlathi.
  3. Kusukela phansi bashiya amagatsha angu-5 aqinile, akhiwe ngaphansi kwezingu-3 cm.
  4. Amagatsha amancane akha umqhele omnene, adinga ukuphuma ngaphandle, kungenjalo azokhipha isithunzi futhi ngeke avumele ukuthola isivuno esihle.
  5. Amagatsha amadala asuswa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-8.
Kubalulekile! Uma uqeda isihlahla, qaphela ukuthi ama-cherries ase-steppe athwala amahlumela kuphela awakhula ngonyaka odlule.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Izinzuzo zokukhuphuka kwama-cherries we-steppe:

  1. Ukumelana nesithwathwa nesomiso.
  2. Asikho isidingo sokunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwezihlahla.
  3. Ukuzizwa.
  4. Ukuvuna okucebile.
  5. Izithelo ezimnandi.
  6. Ukuphila isikhathi eside.
  7. Kulula ukuzalanisa nokukhiqiza.
  8. Amandla okusebenzisa ukuhlobisa isayithi.

Izici ezimbi zezitshalo ezikhulayo:

  1. Izithelo zivuthiwe bese zigcinwa kahle.
  2. I-shrub iqala ukunikeza izithelo akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4 emva kokutshala.
  3. Umqhele kufanele uthathe njalo.
  4. Ayikwazi ukuma isithunzi.
  5. Kudinga impova yokuhamba.
  6. Ethintwa yizinambuzane, i-coccomycosis nama-nodules.

Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ngabalimi abakhula i-cherries esakhiweni sabo ukuze bafunde ukuthi i-cherry iyasiza kanjani, ukulungiselela kanjani izithelo zayo ebusika nokuthi ungayenza kanjani itiye kusuka emaqabunga e-cherry.

Ngakho-ke, uma utshale i-cherry ye-steppe esiqhingini, awugcini nje ngokuyithuthukisa, kodwa ungathola njalo isivuno esicebile. Inzuzo ebalulekile yizitshalo ezingagcini futhi kungenzeka ukuba zikhule ezindaweni ezibandayo nezomile. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukucwenga i-shrub bese uyiphatha ezinambuzane nezifo.

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