Ngasekuqaleni kwekwindla, izihlahla eziningi nezihlahla, lapho zilungiselela ubusika, zichithe amaqabunga azo. Ngaphambi kwalolu hlelo kukhona ushintsho embala wamaqabunga. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi amaqabunga ahlale emagatsheni, ngisho nalapho kufika ukushisa kwezulu. Masifunde ndawonye ukuthi kungani kwenzeka, ukuthi yini engayikhombisa nokuthi ingasiza kanjani izihlahla.
Indima yamaqabunga empilweni yomuthi
Indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke amahlamvu amaqenjini ukubunjwa kwemikhiqizo ephilayo. I-flat plate sheet ishicilelwe kahle kakhulu. Emangqamuzaneni amathishu ayo abeka inani elikhulu lama-chloroplast, lapho i-photosynthesis yenzeka khona, ngenxa yalokho okwenziwa izinto eziphilayo.
Uyazi? Phakathi nokuphila kwesitshalo kuqhuma inani elikhulu lomswakama. Isibonelo, i-birch endala ngosuku ilahlekelwa ngamalitha angu-40 amanzi, kanti i-eucalyptus yase-Australia (isihlahla eside kunawo wonke emhlabeni) siphume ngaphezu kwamalitha angu-500.Ngamaqabunga asitshalo futhi ususe amanzi. Umswakama ubangena ohlelweni lwemikhumbi ethathwe ku-rhizome. Ngaphakathi kwekhabethe leqabunga, amanzi ahamba phakathi kwamaseli aya emathanjeni, lapho aphuma khona. Ngakho-ke kukhona ukugeleza kwezakhi zamaminerali kulo lonke isitshalo. Ukuqina kokukhipha izitshalo kwamanzi kungalungisa ukuvala, ukuvala nokuvulwa kwesimo.
Thola ukuthi kungani i-fern, i-Dieffenbachia, i-hydrangea, i-arrowroot, i-hoya, i-dracaena, i-asparagus, i-orchid ne-pepper ijika.Uma umswakama udinga ukugcinwa, i-stomata ivaliwe. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu kwenzeka lapho umoya usomile futhi unezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Futhi, ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga, ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kwenzeka phakathi kwezitshalo nomkhathi. Nge-stomata, bathola i-carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide), okudingekayo ekukhiqizeni udaba oluphilayo, nokukhulula oksijini okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis. Ngokugcwalisa umoya nge-oxygen, izitshalo zisekela umsebenzi obalulekile wezinye izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni.
Yiziphi izihlahla ezichitha amaqabunga azo ebusika
Amahlamvu awela - isigaba semvelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo eziningi. Kuhloswe ngakho ngemvelo, ngoba esimweni esicacile isimo sokukhuphuka komswakama kunciphisa, ingozi yamagatsha aqhekekile, njll, iyancipha.
Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga ewa phansi - inqubo ebalulekile, ngaphandle kokuthi isitshalo singakwazi ukufa.Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezihlahla, ukuwa amaqabunga ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Funda futhi ukuthi yiziphi izihlahla ezingathola.Kodwa unyaka wonke amahlamvu achitha lezo zitshalo:
- i-chestnut;
- i-poplar (iqala ukuphonsa amaqabunga ekupheleni kukaSepthemba);
- linden;
- i-elm tree;
- inhlanzi yezinyoni;
- i-birch;
- i-oki (ukuwa kweqabunga kuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba);
- i-ash ash (ilahlekelwa amaqabunga ngo-Okthoba);
- i-apula (enye yezithelo zokugcina izitshalo ezichitha amahlamvu awo - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba);
- umkhiqizo;
- ibalazwe (lingama ngamaqabunga kuze kube seqhwa);
- i-willow.
Uyazi? Eqinisweni, ama-conifers nawo achitha izinaliti. Kuphela abakwenzayo hhayi ngonyaka, kodwa kanye eminyakeni engu-2-4, kancane kancane.
Izizathu zokungaboni amahlamvu
Amahlamvu angawa ekwindla afakazela ukungaphelele kwesigaba sokukhula somuthi. Lokhu kubonakala ngokuyinhloko kumasiko asempumalanga noma entshonalanga yaseYurophu. Awuhambisani nehlobo lesikhathi esifushane futhi adinga isikhathi eside sokufudumala nesifudumele. Noma kunjalo, ngisho nezitshalo zasebusika-eziqinile zingahlala ebusika ngamahlamvu aluhlaza.
Hlola izihlahla eziyi-Top 15 ezinqumayo nezihlahla ukuze unikele.
Isimo esinjalo singase siphakamise emacaleni alandelayo:
- Kukhona ujubane wamanyolo we-nitrogenous. Bavuselela inqubo yokukhula.
- Ihlobo elomile laphumela ekwindla ebanda kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuchelela njalo kuvimbela isimo.
- Lokhu kuhluka akufani nesimo sezulu. Mhlawumbe lesi sitshalo sasingenaso isikhathi sokuqedela ngokuphelele isigaba sokuthuthukiswa.
- Ukunciphisa okungalungile. Uma lo msebenzi ungenakulinganiswa futhi ngesikhathi esingalungile, ungavusa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamahlumela namaqabunga amasha.
Kubalulekile! Amahlamvu agulayo ayithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo sonke, asinciphisa isivuno futhi anciphise ukumelana nemiphumela yezilokazane.
Indlela yokusiza nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze
Ochwepheshe kanye nabalimi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi ngisho nezihlahla ezingabhalelekile zokubusika zingasizwa. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nesithwathwa. Ngalokhu udinga:
- Blink (susa) amahlamvu. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokufaka isundu lesigatshana emagatsheni avela phansi, ehlukanisa amaqabunga owomile futhi aphelile. Ukuziqeda ngamandla akunakwenzeka.
- Ukugcoba amagatsha aphakathi nesikhwama somuthi. Le nqubo kumele igcwaliswe ngaphambi kweqhwa.
- Yakha i-rhizome pad ephathekayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iqhwa lokuqala lanyathelisa, futhi lathelela phezu kwenhlanganisela ye-peat ne-sawdust. Iqhwa elilandelayo eliwile liphinde linyathelwe.
- Ukunikezwa okulinganiselwe. Ekwindla nasekupheleni kwehlobo, umanyolo we-potash-phosphate kuphela ungasetshenziswa futhi ungabi ngaphezu ngokweqile kwesihlahla.
Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izitshalo ezimile namahlamvu emagatsheni ubusika bonke kuyodingeka ukuthi zenziwe nge-potassium sulfate, kanti ehlobo bazokhipha umqhele ngekhambi elimpunga le-potassium permanganate. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokulungiselela izihlahla kufanele iqaliswe kusengaphambili ukuze ingaphambuki emjikelezweni osungulwe ngemvelo. Kuphela kulokhu, isihlahla sizohlangana nesithwathwa esinamandla, kanti isizini esilandelayo sizonikeza isivuno esihle.Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
