Abaningi benu babone imivini ekhuphuka ekhuphuka edumisa izindonga zezindlu nokwakha izindonga. Lesi sitshalo esihle sokuhlobisa sabizwa ngokuthi yi-garden ivy. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kwakungenye yezimpawu zeGrisi lasendulo, okusho ukuhleka nokuthandana, futhi izinkondlo zazihlobisa amakhanda abo ngemigqomo yamatshe phakathi nemikhosi. Ake thina futhi sizofunda kabanzi ngalesi sitshalo.
Incazelo
I-Garden ivy iwuhlobo lwe-liana-oluhlala luhlala njalo emndenini we-Araliae. Kuyinto shrub ezinwabuzelayo ezihlanganisa ezintweni zayo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezindawo ezihlukahlukene nezimpande zayo eziningi ezinjenge-sopic.
Eziqu zaso kukhona amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlaza okwesibhakabhaka obunjwa obuhlukahlukene. Izimbali ezincane eziphuzi eziluhlaza ziqoqwe eziqongweni zamagatsha ezisebrush nase-inflorescences, izambulela. I-plant blooms engxenyeni yokuqala yekwindla, kanti izithelo zayo yi-berry emnyama enezinhlamvu ezimbalwa ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ikhula ebusika futhi isondlo esihle sezinyoni. Kule ndoda, le berry ayiyona nje into engabonakali, kodwa futhi iyingozi. 
Itholakala kabanzi e-Australia nasezindaweni zeNyakatho yeNyakatho futhi ingakhula ibe ngamamitha angamashumi amathathu.
Uyazi? AmaKhristu amaningi abona imifino yezitshalo njengophawu lobuqotho, impilo nokungafi. Mhlawumbe lesi sitshalo sizokuvumela ukuba usuke ezinkingeni ezikhukhumezayo nezicindezelayo futhi uhlabelele ngendlela yefilosofi.
Izinhlobo ze-ivy garden
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziyishumi zezinhlobonhlobo zayo, edume kakhulu kunawo wonke:
- I-Colchis ivy (I-Hedera coichica). Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga amahlaza omnyama ama-opaque, ububanzi bawo bufinyelela ku-17 cm, ubude bufinyelela ku-20 cm. Amaqabunga anesimo esihlukile futhi abe nephunga elithile elinomthunzi omuncu, obonakala ngesikhathi sokuxubha. Izimbali zenzeka ekwindla. Izimbali ezingabonakali inani lokuhlobisa ziqoqwe ngezibhamu ezihamba nge-peduncles kuze kube ngu-3 cm ubude, ubude bezimbali zamacembe bufinyelela ku-4.5 mm, nobubanzi - 2.5 mm. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kwenzeka entwasahlobo yonyaka ozayo. Izinhlobo ezithandwayo kakhulu zeClasschis ivy zi-dentate, purple and tree. Lesi sitshalo singakhula sibe ngamamitha angu-30 futhi sitholakala ogwini lolwandle oluMnyama lwaseCaucasus;
- Imifino evamile (i-Hedera helix). Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwemitha eyodwa. Unamaqabunga esikhumba, anemikhono enemibala eminingi ehlobisa imibala ehlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo - ifomu yasebusika ngokukhanya okukhulu, i-palmate enezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezinhlanu, i-Baltic imelana ne-frost encane, emngceleni womngcele ophuzi nabanye. Iqhakaza njengeClasschis ivy. Ivela emaqenjini nasezinqabeni ze-Europe eseningizimu, eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseRussia. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezinye izinhlobo ezibandayo kakhulu;
- I-Shepherd's ivy (i-Hedera pastuchowii). Isitshalo singakhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-10 ubude. Iqukethe amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka amancane afinyelele ku-10 cm ubude futhi afike ku-6 cm ububanzi. Ukuma kwazo kuhluke ngokuhlukahluka kakhulu - kusuka ku-lanceolate kuya enhlobonhlobo enhliziyo, nge-wavy-angular noma yonke imiphetho. Kutholakala ensimini ye-Azerbaijan, i-Georgia, i-Dagestan.
I-ivy ivyenye yezitshalo ezivame kakhulu zasendlini, ngokuvamile ezitshalwe nge-fuchsia noma i-pelargonium. Okuthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yamaqabunga ahlukahlukeneko yi-Canadian ivy.
Ngokuqondene nezinye izinhlobo, uT Thorndale ne-Modern Times zibonakala ngokukhula okukhulayo, okuvumela ukuba zisetshenziswe ekutshaleni okuqondile. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Sally, i-Deltoidea ne-Tripod zikhona kokubili ifomu elihle futhi zakha amahlathi amakhulu. Lesi sici sikuvumela ukuba uwasebenzise kokubili kokulima okuqondile kanye nobhodwe. Ngokushesha zikhula futhi zakha amahlombe aluhlaza kuze kube ngamamitha amabili phezulu.
Izinhlobo ezinjenge-Dealbata, i-Henriette, iJubile ne-Merry kakhulu zinhle zokufaka ama-slides alpine. I-palette enkulu yamafomu nama-shades azohlobisa noma yiliphi ingadi ye-rock futhi izokuvumela ukuthi udale isitayela sakho esiyingqayizivele kuso.
Ukulima nokukhathalela
Ukuze ukhule i-ivy enhle, udinga ukukhetha isitelingi esifanele. Uma uthenga, qaphela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinomsindo oqinile wokusabalalisa futhi usuhlaza, amaqabunga anomsoco. I-seedling enezimpande eziphelile namaqabunga aphuzi kungcono ukungatholi.
Ukukhanyisa
Ivy ayithandi indawo evulekile. Zama ukuyitshala kule penumbra, kungaba emthunzini womqhele wesihlahla esikhulu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezulu esibandayo, ngoba indawo efanele izosiza isitshalo ukuba siphumelele ngokuphepha ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndawo kufanele ibe nokuthula, ngaphandle kwemimoya eqinile.
Kubalulekile! Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungasheshi ukucubungula amahlumela ngemuva kokubusika, kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwehlobo emva kokuphela kokunyakaza okusebenzayo kwejusi. Izigaba ezinamathela amakhulu zidinga ukucubungula izinga lokulima.
Ukushisa
Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala, lesi sitshalo asiqhubeki ngokushesha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusihlwanyela entwasahlobo, ukuze ngesikhathi sokufudumala sonyaka singakhula futhi sihlanganise ngangokunokwenzeka. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi ezindaweni ezibandayo, i-ivy ngokuvamile ayifinyeleli ukuphakama okukhulu, ngoba ingxenye ehlanganiswe neqhwa kungenzeka ukuthi ingasinda emahlathini ebusika. Ngakho-ke, lindela ukuthi lizokwazi ukumboza kuphela ukulala okuphansi.
Ekhaya, lithanda amakamelo apholile ngehora lokushisa ehlobo lika-18 degrees Celsius, kanti ubusika - 6 - 12 degrees Celsius. Lesi sitshalo siphendukela ngokujwayelekile ekuguqukeni okusheshayo kokushisa kanye ne-drafts, ngakho indawo engcono kakhulu ibhalkri eneklabhu noma i-loggia.
Umhlaba
Izitshalo zitshalwe entwasahlobo enhlabathini evundile evundile equkethe i-humus ne-lime. Ukufika kudinga umhlabathi owamanzi, ophefumulayo. I-Loamy nenhlabathi encane kakhulu ehambisana kahle, kodwa izitshalo ezicacile aziqothuli, ngoba cishe akukho ukufinyelela kwe-oksijini ezimpandeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubumba lunendawo yokugcina umswakama, futhi ngokweqile lokho kuyingozi ku-ivy.
Funda mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zenhlabathi ezikhona nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani, nokuthi yini nokuthi kunjani ukucacisa ubuhle be-asidi enhlabathini.
Ukuze unakekele inhlabathi ilula ngokwanele ukukhululeka, kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi izimpande. Ukulungiselela inhlabathi ebusika futhi kulondoloze umswakama oyigugu kuzosiza ukuhlanganisa ama-humus avela emaqabunga noma e-peat.
Ukunisela
Ivy iyisitshalo esinomswakama, umlobi udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba uhlale unomanzi, futhi uma kudingeka, amanzi engeziwe. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukunqwabelana komswakama emhlabathini kungaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Njengomthetho, ngenkathi eshisayo, ukuchelela kufanele kube izikhathi ezingu-1 kuya kwesithupha ngesonto, futhi ngesikhathi sekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise.
Uma i-ivy ikhula ezimweni zamakamelo, lapho ubusika ekamelweni elifudumele, ukuchelela kufanele futhi kube njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ugeze amahlamvu awo ngezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu ngeke kube nomphumela omuhle kulesi sitshalo ngokwawo, kodwa futhi ngeke uvumele uthuli endlini.
Umswakama
I-Ivy ithatha umoya omile kakhulu, amaqabunga awo ayomile futhi aphelelwe emanzini aphansi. Ngakho-ke, ekhaya ekushiseni okungaphezu kwama-degrees Celsius angu-20, kuyadingeka ukwandisa umoya, futhi isitshalo kufanele siphonswe njalo. Uma ungenayo i-humidifier ekhethekile, ungafaka isitsha esikhulu ngamanzi egumbini.
Funda mayelana nezinambuzane zokunakekela ezinye izivini zensimu: amagilebhisi amabhande, i-petiolian hydrangea, i-clematis, i-wisteria, i-honeysuckle capricoleum, i-passionflower, i-honeysuckle, i-actinidia, i-ipomey, i-lemongrass yase-Chinese, i-peas sweet, i-tunbergia, i-Kampsis, i-calistegy.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze ingadi izithelo zikhule ngokushesha futhi zijabulise wena ngomqhele ocebile, kufanele udliwe ngenkathi efudumele kanye noma kabili ngenyanga. Ngalesi sizathu, umanyolo we-nitrogen wamanzi azinamanzi ahambelana kahle, ngenxa yokuthi amahlumela amasha aqinile anamaqabunga ahlanzekile futhi aphilile azovela ngenkuthalo.
Kusukela ephakathi kwehlobo, kuyadingeka ukondla lesi sitshalo ngamafomulisi enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-calcium. Bayomsiza ukuba aqinise futhi alungiselele ebusika.
Ukuzala
Garden ivy kunokuba lula okusakazwa cuttings namagatsha. Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Into esemqoka ukukhetha kuphela izibonelo ezinempilo zokuzalanisa.
Cuttings
I-Cuttings inqunywe entwasahlobo noma ehlobo kusukela emahlumela amancane angakhuli kuneminyaka emithathu. Ukutshala isitshalo esisha, iziqu nge-tip mayelana no-10 cm ubude (kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kuka-15 cm) ziyakunqunywa, amaqabunga amane aphansi asusiwe futhi iziqu zifakwa emanzini okwesithathu ubude bawo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, bathatha izimpande futhi batshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ungakwazi ukutshala ngokushesha ama-cuttings emabhokisini ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi nenhlabathi. Ngokuvamile, ukwakheka kwezimpande ezidingekayo zokutshala, kuthatha amasonto amane kuya kwamasonto.
Ngemva kwalokho isithombo sitshalwe endaweni ekhethiwe kuze kube yi-20 cm ejulile, amanzi anikezwa phansi emgodini. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngu-30 - 60 cm, ngemuva kokutshala liphuziswa, futhi inhlabathi ihlanganiswe. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, ama-specimens amasha kumele afakwe amaqabunga noma amaqabunga e-spruce.
Kubalulekile! I-Ivy iyisitshalo esinobuthi, ngakho konke okusemandleni akhe, ikakhulukazi ukusika izihlahla, kufanele kwenziwe ngeglavu. Uma ijusi lakhe lisaqhubeka esikhumbeni futhi kunesisindo, ukuvuvukala, noma enye indlela engalungile, buza udokotela ngokushesha.
Ukudla
Le ndlela ifaneleka kahle uma uhlela ukwakha ikhalenda eliqinile eliluhlaza endaweni eyodwa. Kulesi simo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukuwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha isiqu eside eside enempilo, wenze ukuhlungwa okuncane, le ndawo ifakwe emhlabathini ngebhasikhi ekhethekile futhi efafazwe ngomhlaba.
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-ivy izothatha izimpande ibe yindawo ehlukile. Uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucophelela isitshalo esiyinhloko uphinde uyifake kwenye indawo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izifo ezinkulu nezinambuzane ze-ivy ivy:
- Isibungu esikhulu se-ivy esiyi-garden sibhekwa isicabucabu. Ngenxa yesilonda, lesi sitshalo sigcwele iwebhu ye-spider, lapho kuhamba khona izimbungulu ezincane ezimhlophe, eziphuzi noma ezibomvu. Lokhu kuvame ukukwenzeka ebhodini elikhulayo ehlangothini elangeni. Izimila ziphathwa ngezidakamizwa "Actellic", ezihlanjululwa emanzini ngokulandela imiyalo futhi zicubungula amaqabunga kanye ngesonto. Le nqubo kufanele iphindwe kuze kube yilapho kubhujiswa ngokuphelele imikhaza.
- Ubuningi bomhlabathi obuningi ngokweqile bungalimaza isitshalo ngefungus. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindawo ezimnyama zivela emaqabunga, ziqala ukuma nokuwa. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga abathintekayo kanye neziqu, usebenze lesi sitshalo ngama-fungicidal preparations.
- Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu ekamelweni kungaholela ekulimaleni ngesihlangu. Ngaphandle, lokhu kubonakala ngokuqhakaza okuqhakazile amaqabunga, bese kuvela izinhlayiya eziphuzi kancane kancane kuzo, okuholela ekwehleni okuphelele kweqabunga. Kulesi simo, iziqu ezilimazayo kufanele ziqedwe, futhi i-ivy ngokwalo kufanele ihanjiswe endaweni epholile.
- Enye yezinambuzane ze-ivy i-aphid. Ukuqeda, isitshalo siphathwa nge-insecticide ("Aktellik", "Karbofos", "Aktara" nabanye). Zama ukungaphuthelwa neqabunga elilodwa noma ukuphunyuka, ngaphandle kwalokho i-aphid esele iyosabalalisa ngokushesha kulo lonke isitshalo.
Ungakwazi ukulwa nezinambuzane zesicabucabu nezindlela zomuntu: ukumnika i-garlic, anyanisi, i-dandelion, i-decoction yezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-cyclamen.
- ukungabi nalutho ngokweqile komswakama kubangela amaqabunga aphuzi nokuwa;
- amaqabunga amancane, iziqu ezincane futhi ezibuthaka ezinamaqabunga zikhuluma ngokuntuleka kwelanga;
- Amathiphu omnxeba omile akhuluma ngokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu nomswakama ophansi.
Uyazi? I-Garden ivy iyisitshalo esingapheli ukuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle, ingafinyelela eminyakeni engu-200 ubudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, engxenyeni eseningizimu yeYurophu kunezimo ezihlukene zaso, iminyaka yobudala idlulile eminyakeni engama-450, futhi amahlumela asukhule ngamamitha ayi-100.
Ukusetshenziswa kwensiza ye-ivy
Ukusetshenziswa kokubili kwe-ivy kuyinto yiklamudi kanye nomuthi wendabuko, lapho amaqabunga awo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi izibhamu kanye nokuvuvukala okungapheli kwezingqimba zamangqamuzana. I-Plush inezakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ezisebenza ngamagciwane kanye nezindawo eziphikisayo.
I-tincture yayo yotshwala isetshenziselwa ukususa ama-warts, futhi amaqabunga amasha asetshenziswa njengekhambi langaphandle lokugqoka amanxeba nokushisa. Ngendlela, imithi esemthethweni ibuye ibone ukuthi iyasetshenziswa yini lesi sitshalo futhi iyisebenzise njengesithako somuthi wokukhwehlela.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezindawo zokuphulukisa nokuphikisana kwe-ivy.
Ngokuqondene nomklamo, ngosizo lwalesisitshalo ungakha izingqikithi ezithakazelisayo zokulima kwendawo enezingqimba. Ingakwazi ukumboza noma yikuphi udonga, udonga noma udonga lwezitini zesakhiwo esinesihlava esiluhlaza. Futhi ekwindla, lapho amaqabunga eguqula umbala wabo emasontweni ahlukene abomvu, aphuzi ne-orange, izindonga zizobukeka zihlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo yizinto ezifanelekayo zokufeza noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezincane zokwakha. Amapulangwe amancane noma izibalo, ezenziwe ngefreyimu, zihlanganiswa nezitshalo zensimu ezitshalwe eduze komunye nomunye. Ungakhohlwa ngezinwele ezivamile ukuze ugcine umumo oyifunayo.
Ngosizo lwe-ivy, ungahlobisa i-gazebo, i-pergola, i-swing, i-veranda.
Indlela yokususa ivy
Ngezinye izikhathi umbuzo uvela kanjani ukususa lesi sitshalo, isibonelo, kusuka ensimini. Njengoba izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha, iqala ukuphazamisa nokuvala ezinye izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona izingane endlini, khona-ke kunesidingo sokubavikela emajikijolo anobuthi we-ivy. Ngakho-ke, yini okudingeka uyenze:
- usebenzisa ivy shears, susa ivy kusuka ukwesekwa;
- i-shears noma i-hacksaw, uma amahlumela ekhulu kakhulu, anqume ingxenye enkulu ye-ivy eduze komhlabathi;
- ukumba nokulahla i-rhizome, ungashiyi amahlumela, kungenjalo bayothatha ngokushesha;
- Lapho kuvela amahlumela abasha, sebenzisa i-Tornado herbicide.
