Izihlahla ezijwayelekile ziyithola ngempela abanikazi begadidi ezincane, lapho kungekho khona isikhala esanele.
I-Kolonovidnye izinhlobo zezithelo zezitshalo zingasebenzisa ngempumelelo indawo, okokuqala zingakhula ngezimbiza eziningi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ziveza izithelo.
Enye yezinhlobo zasebusika ezithembisayo zezihlahla ze-apula ezinemiqhele emihle yiyona "uMengameli", izithelo ezingenayo kuphela ngobuningi, kodwa futhi ngobukhulu. Indlela yokukhulisa i-apula yesihlahla salo, yiziphi izimo okudingeka zidalwe kusayithi lakho ukuze zithuthukiswe ngokugcwele, izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko kanye nezimo eziyingozi zizoxoxwa kabanzi.
Apple "uMengameli": izici kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Izinhlobo ze-apple ezinama-colon "uMongameli" ezinchazeni ze-botanical, abaningi bafanelekela njengezihlahla zezithelo ezincane. Iziqu zazo azikwazi ukufika ngamamitha amabili ukuphakama, okuyinto elula lapho kuvuna. Izithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezimpande ezinamandla kakhulu, eziguquguqukayo kalula kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi engekho-acidic, ivumelanisa kahle emva kokufakelwa kabusha.
I-Inflorescences isivele isungula amaphilisi omnyaka wesibili., kodwa ochwepheshe bawacebisa ukuba basuswe ukuze umuthi uqine ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-fruiting. Ngonyaka wesihlanu wokuphila, "uMongameli" uveza isivuno. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-trunk eyodwa encane ingasuswa kuze kube ngu-7 kilogram yama-apula amakhulu. Ezimweni ezihle, ngokusika izihlahla ezifanele, ukugqoka nokuphuza njalo, i-apula evuthiwe ingaletha okungaphezu kuka-15 kilogram yezitshalo.
Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula, njengezo zonke izihlahla ze-columnar, ziyiminyaka engama-50, kodwa ukuzinyuka okuphezulu kuzohlala kuphela ingxenye yesithathu yalesi sikhathi. Ubude be "uMongameli" abubanzi, ubukhulu bawo obudala obukhulile abufinyelele ku-20 cm. Umuthi ubusika obunzima futhi unikezwe ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi nezifo ezinambuzane ezivamile kanye nezinambuzane ezilimazayo.
Uyazi? Izihlahla ezinemiqhele emihle ye-columnar zenziwe ngengozi kuma-70s. Omunye umlimi wasePanada waseCanada waphawula ngenye indlela engadini yakhe emthini omdala we-apula, "iMacintosh," okwakungavamile nanoma kunjalo, okwakungekho namagatsha, kodwa wawunzima kakhulu izithelo. Entwasahlobo, isiqu esivela kuleli gatsha sathola impilo entsha, ngoba yayihlanganisiwe esitokisini. Sekuyiminyaka eminingana, umuthi omangalisayo usukhulile kuwo, ongazange uhlanganise, kodwa unezithelo eziningi.Incazelo emfushane yesithelo se-apple-varieties colonic "uMengameli" ingadluliselwa ngamagama amaningi: ama-apula amuncu-amnandi, ane-tender enyameni enomzimba, enesikhumba esincane futhi esincanyana sombala ophuzi obomvu.
Isisindo sesisindo esisodwa esisuka ku-150-250 g. Ukuqala kokuvuthwa kwenzeka emavikini odlule ehlobo futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ama-apula anokuthutha okuhle nokugcina ikhwalithi. Ngaphansi kwemithetho yokulungiselela isivuno sokugcina ubusika, ingaqhubeka kuze kufike Unyaka Omusha.
Abaningikazi besifazane bakhipha izithelo ezimnandi zokugaya ikhaya, benze izithelo ezomile noma bahambe ukuze basebenzise.
Izinambuzane ezivamile zezihlahla zama-apula ziyi-aphid, ezisakazwa yizintuthwane, ama-apple amabhu, amakhiwane, kanye no-May beetles.
Kuzophilwa i-apula: khetha izimo zokukhula
Imbewu enamandla ene-rhizome enamandla ngaphandle kokulimala, ama-nodules kanye ne-boom eqondile iyisihluthulelo semifino egcwele yomuthi phakathi neminyaka eyishumi yokuqala. Kodwa ngenxa yezohlukahlukene "uMongameli" nokulimala okuphumelelayo akukwanele. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufika kwekusasa. Kulokhu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe endaweni yendawo yamanzi, ukukhanyisa kanye nezici zomzimba zomhlaba. Sizoqonda ngokuningiliziwe. 
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, kunconywa ukuthi izihlahla zase-apula ezijwayelekile zifakwe nge-isiraphu isiraphu ukuheha izinyosi.
Ukukhanyisa umuthi we-apula
"UMongameli", njengezinye izinhlobo zemithi ye-apple, uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngisho nokuvikelwa emiphakathini yasenyakatho kanye nemidwebo, isayithi elivela ezindaweni ezibandayo eziqhumayo, indawo yasendle kanye nesimo sezulu. Umuthi ngeke ukhululeke ukukhula elangeni nasemithambekeni, kanye nasezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze kunamamitha ayisithupha nengxenye ukusuka emhlabathini. Bheka egcekeni lakho endaweni lapho kukhona khona ukukhanya okungafani kakhulu, akukho mthunzi, iqhwa liqoqa ebusika, futhi amanzi asentwasahlobo akaqhubeki.
Kuphi inhlabathi yokutshala i-apple ikholomu kaMongameli ezihlukahlukene
Ukuze kutholakale imithi kaMongameli, izinsimu ezikhanyayo ezine-acidity neutral, kanye nesimiso sekholomu sizogxila kahle emhlabathini omnyama omnyama, okubhekwa yizici ezinika izakhi kanye nokuphila.
Kuya ekhaya hlola ukusabela kwe-acid komhlaba, udinga ukudayela ingilazi yamanzi bese ufaka ngesandla esincane esinqunyiwe esingaphezulu, uphafaza i-soda phezulu. Ukuqala kwakhe kubonisa isidingo sokunciphisa i-substrate. Inqubo yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-pushonok eyaziwayo noma endala. Okufakiwe kufakwe phakathi kuka-150-300 g ngemitha yesikwele yesigodi. 
Kubalulekile! Ama-bark, izinaliti kanye nezinkuni zezitshalo ze-coniferous ngeke zisetshenziswe njenge-mulch. Zenza i-oxydation yenhlabathi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala
Ukutshala "uMongameli" - izinhlobo ze-apple ikholomu - kungenziwa kuhlelwe ekwindla nasesikhathini sentsuku. Phakathi kwabesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, kucatshangwa ukuthi ngo-Okthoba kuphela lezo zitshalo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala ezitshalwe. Ochwepheshe abaningi bajwayele ukuthungatha izithombo ngoMashi, ngoba kulokhu umuthi unesikhathi esanele ngaphambi kokuba isimo sezulu esishisayo sikhule umqhele oqinile futhi siqinise izimpande. Kubalulekile kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele ukunikeza umswakama okudingekayo emthini we-apula. Ake sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe zonke izigaba zokufika.
Ukulungiselela ukuhamba ngomgodi
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-apula "uMongameli", kumele kwenziwe imisebenzi eminingi yokulungiselela. Ngenkathi ngokukhethwa kwe-sapling kanye nendawo yokufika kwachazwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uqale ukulungiselela imbobo. Into yokuqala udinga ukumba i-recess ye-75 cm ngobubanzi bemitha eyi-1. Uma uhlelo lwempande lensiza luncane, unganciphisa usayizi ukuze izimpande zingabuthwanga.
Uma ugoba umgodi, faka ama-bayonethi ayishumi okuqala e-mound ehlukile. Lona ungqimba oluvundile lomhlabathi, oluzobe luwusizo ekutshalweni. Ihlanganiswe nezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat, umquba kanye nama-humus. Phakathi kwegodini baphonsela emgodini wezinkuni ngenqenqemeni elitshiyelwe futhi elushisayo, amanzi athululelwa nxazonke futhi i-substrate elungiselelwe ithululelwa phezulu. 
Uyazi? Emkhakheni wezwe jikelele, ubuqhawe bokukhiqiza i-apple bungelabantu baseRiphabhulikhi yaseChina. Indawo yesibili ithathwe yi-United States of America. Ngaphakathi kweYurophu, iPoland yiyona ehamba phambili kakhulu yama-apula.Abanye balimi benza isigundane phakathi kokucindezeleka, kuyilapho abanye belele phezulu. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi esikhathini esizayo umuthi we-apula ohlwanyelwe ngenxa yensizakalo yomhlabathi ngeke ube emngceleni wamanzi aphelile. Ngemuva kokusebenza okwenziwe, umgodi ugcwele ifilimu yepulasitiki, uvikele imiphetho yawo, futhi ushiye amaviki amane. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-microclimate ethize isungulwa ngaphakathi, okudingekayo ukuhluma okuphumelelayo kwenzalo.
Ukutshala izitshalo
Njengoba sesifundile ukuthi ukutshala izihlahla ze-apulasamu, ake sibheke ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko. Abasimili behlukanisa phakathi kwabo ababili.
Okokuqala kuhilela i-compaction boles emigqeni ibanga lika-40 cm phakathi kwabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlukaniswa komugqa kufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.5.
Indlela yesibili endaweni yokutshala isikwele, lapho izihlahla eziseduze kuzo zonke izinhlangothi zitholakala emva kwe-1 m.
Abanye balimi basebenzisa inketho yesithathu yeklasikhi, emele uhlelo lwe-90 x 60. I-kolonovidnye krona encane "uMengameli" ihlangene kahle namanye amasiko akhula kancane futhi ikuvumela ukuthi udale ingadi enkulu endaweni encane.
Uyazi? Uma uhlwanyela imbewu eyikhulu emthini owodwa we-apula, kuzovela izihlahla ezihlukene ngokuphelele.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela izinhlobo ze-apula "uMengameli"
Izinhlobo ze-Apple tree colony "UMongameli" akafuni ukutshala nokukhathalela. Ngesikhathi esihle sokukhula, kwanele ukunikeza umuthi ngombuso wokuswakama, ukondla njalo, ukusika ukufaneleka nokulungisa izithombo ezincane emakhazeni. Dlulela emininingwaneni yokuthi ungayenza kanjani kahle.
Umswakama womhlabathi kanye nezihlahla zama-apula
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izinhlobo ze-apula "uMengameli" zidinga umswakama obuningi kunezihlahla ezivuthiwe. Kubalulekile ukuwahambisa njalo ngezigaba ezincane. Into esemqoka yukuthi umhlaba esiteshini esiseduze-sondeza awumile futhi awuhlanganiswa ne-crust dry crust. Buka umhlabathi: akumele usule futhi uguquke ube yi-slime enamanzi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izimpande zizokoma noma ziqale ukubola kusuka kumswakama ongaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, indima ebalulekile idlalwe yisilinganiso senani lokunisela.
Kunconywa ukunciphisa izihlahla ezincane izikhathi eziphindwe kabili ngesonto, imifanekiso eminyaka emithathu, amalitha angu-30 oketshezi anele izinsuku ezingu-7. Ezindaweni ezinkulu zengadini, inqubo yokunisela ikhiqizwa ukufakwa kwemvula nokuvuza, ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ekusakazweni okuqhubekayo ezinxenyeni ezincane. Zonke izinqubo zokunyusa, kungakhathaliseki indlela, zenziwa kusihlwa, ngakho-ke phakathi nobusuku umuthi uthatha umswakama futhi awutholi ukushisa ilanga. 
Uyazi? Ama-apula ngamaphesenti angama-25 ayenziwe emoyeni, ngoba awagonywa emanzini.Ukunisela okwesikhashana esifundeni somlilo oshisayo kuphela kubuhlungu umuthi we-apula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha hhayi kuphela isikhathi senqubo, kodwa futhi isimo se-substrate. Ngemuva kwenqubo, kufanele athole umanyolo ekujuleni kwemitha.
Amanzi amaningi okuthululelwa ngaphansi komuthi ngamunye ancike eminyakeni yawo. Imifino yaminyaka eyodwa izodinga kuze kufike ku-3 amabhakede, kanye nabantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu - 5. Ukuphuza kokuqala kwazo zonke izithelo kuhlelwe entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhluma kuqala. Owesibili ama-apula avuthiwe uhlelwe ngesikhathi kwenziwa ama-greenfinches, okulandelayo-ngesikhathi sokukhula kwawo. Ukugcina ukugcoba ngokungabikho kokushisa kwenziwa amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuvuna. Futhi nge ekwindla ende eyomile, inqubo iphindaphindwa, ngaleyo ndlela ivikela izimpande ekuqhenqeni ebusika.
Izici ezondla izinhlobo "uMongameli"
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-apula kungakhuliswa kakhulu ekufundiseni ukudla okuhlelekile. Zenziwa kulo lonke isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komuthi. Qala entwasahlobo lapho amahlumela efaka isigaba sokukhula okujulile, ukuphuza izihlahla zomuthi nge-infusion yenkukhu yomquba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukucindezeleka kuka-30 cm kwenziwa enhlabathini, futhi umanyolo uchithelwa kuwo. Ngemuva kwenqubo, umgodi uvalwe ngomhlabathi. 
Kubalulekile! Izinto eziqukethe i-nitrojeni ezihlahleni ze-apula ziyadingeka entwasahlobo ukwandisa i-biomass. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuyiletha ekwindla, ngoba izinzuzo ezincane ezingenamandla zingeke zikwazi ukuchitha ubusika. Ukucindezeleka okunjalo kungabhubhisa umuthi omncane.Ekuqaleni kwenkathi ye-fruiting, izihlahla ze-apula zilungiselelwe ngezingxube zezingxenye ezilinganayo (isipuni esingu-1) se-ammonium nitrate ne-nitroammofoski, ama-140 g we-superphosphate kanye nezipuni eziphambili ze-potassium chloride. Zonke izithako zixutshwe ngokuphelele, futhi zichithwa ebhakedeni lamanzi. Isixazululo singashintshwa yi-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate ehlakazwa ku-10 l amanzi, athathwe ngesilinganiso se-100: 10 g.
Izimfanelo zasebusika eziqinile zezihlahla zezithelo kumele ziqinisekiswe ngamaminerali ahlanganisiwe, okuphawulwe ngokuthi "ekwindla". Inqubo yenziwa emavikini okuqala kaSepthemba. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-humus efanelekile.
Indlela yokucwenga i-apple ye-columnar
I-apple encane encane yomuthi we "Mongameli" idinga ukusika izihlahla kuphela uma kwenzeka amagatsha ethuthuka ngokungalungile, agula futhi aphazamisane. Ukuma okuqondile kwesihlahla akuhlinzekeli ukusika izihlahla njalo, ngoba amagatsha asetshenziswe phezu kwesiqu abuthakathaka kakhulu.
Ukudubula kubalulekile uma kwenzeka umonakalo ekuhlungeni izithelo ezingenhla, lapho ifomu eliphikisanayo lokubamba iqopha phezu kwesiqu. Ungalindeli ukuthuthukiswa komfaniswano wabo - lowo obuthakathaka kumele asuswe. Emthonjeni wezithelo, kunconywa ukuthi uphonse ama-buds amabili ngonyaka.
Kubalulekile! Endabeni yokutshala entwasahlobo, isithombo siphuziswa kuze kube yilapho umhlaba uthatha amanzi.Emithini yesibili ye-apple kaMongameli, ama-inflorescences aqala ukwakha. Basuswe ngokuphelele ukuze umuthi uqine, unomuthi oqinile nezimpande. Ngonyaka olandelayo, kushiywe amabhulashi angu-6 e-flower, futhi okukhethwa kakhulu kunyuliwe. Ngesikhathi sokugqoka, amahlumela afriziwe noma efriziwe nawo asusiwe.
Ukuvikela i-Apple "uMengameli" kusukela emakhazeni
Ezinye izakhamuzi zasehlobo ziqiniseka ngokuqinile ukuthi izinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile azidingi indawo zokuhlala zasebusika, kanti entwasahlobo zidumazeka lapho zibona izitshalo ezilimazwe yiqhwa. Iphutha elinjalo alungile ngokuphelele. Izithombo ezincane kuze kube neminyaka emihlanu zizwela ngokulinganayo emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke azibeka engozini yokungena ngaphezulu kokungena kwabantu.
Imithi eminingi yama-apple yokuvuna impoqo ephumelelayo kufanele ibe nomakhelwane wezinye izinhlobo, ngakho-ke kuyathakazelisa ukucabangela ukuvelela kwezihlahla ze-apula ezikhulayo, uMelba, Candynoe, iZhigulevskoe, iSpartan, iMedunitsa, iMantet, Welsey, Gloucester, Semerenko, Mechta, Champion, ubuhle beBaskir, iKorichnaya emicu, uBerkutovsky, Imali, i-Northern Synapse.Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, lapho ubusika bubonakala khona ngama-frosts amade, aqinile, izihlahla zifihliwe emathafeni amade, ngaphambi kokuqala kwebanda, zigcwele amaqabunga awile, i-sawdust neqhwa. Ezingxenyeni ezizungezile zemozulu, akusizi ngalutho ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezinkulu kangaka, ngoba izimpande futhi ziqukethe ngaphansi kwekhava elifudumele kakhulu zingase zome.
Ukuze ubusika, kwanele ukuthungatha imibuthano yomuthi ngendwangu yesentimitha engamamitha angu-10 kunoma iyiphi i-mulch, ngaphandle kwe-coniferous. Futhi ugobe impande yomuthi ngendwangu ebanzi. I-trunk kufanele ivikelwe nge-spruce noma i-half-meter sheet ye-roofing. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvikela izihlahla ze-apula ezivela ezinqeni ezilambile nezinye izinduku. 
Uyazi? Uma ufaka ama-apula emiphongolweni engaphansi kwamazambane, izitshalo zempande zizoqala ukukhula amehlo futhi zigugile. Ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kusongela isithelo, ngenxa ye-ethylene ekhishwe.
Izici ezizalisa izinhlobo
Ochwepheshe bezobuhlengikazi basakaza izihlahla ze-aptambovye nge-budding, kodwa bavuma ukuthi le ndlela ayilula, ngoba ku-trunk ecacile kuyinkinga ukuthola ama-petioles ekukhiqizeni. Ngokusekelwe kokuthi cishe akusikho ukukhula okuqhubekayo kuwo, abalimi abanomsebenzi baqala ukusika okunzima kwe-trunk. Le nuance inomthelela ekwandiseni izandiso zegatsha. Kufika kumahlumela angu-15 avela kumfanekiso ngamunye we-uterine.
Ekhaya, ungathola i-shtamb oyifunayo ngokuhlanganisa ama-cuttings ngendlela othanda ngayo ku-apula ojwayelekile. Kusukela kumqhele walo igatsha elimelele kakhulu elibekwe ngezithelo lizovela.
Isihlahla se-apula esenziwe ngomqhele "uMongameli": izinzuzo nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene
Uma siqhathanisa izihlahla ezincane ezinama-aple ezinamazinga ajwayelekile ezinamaqembu amade ahamba phambili, ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu, ungathola umehluko omkhulu. Kusukela ekuphenduleni kwabalimi nabalimi abaqeqeshiwe, isiphelo sithi i-apple "uMongameli" inezici ezilandelayo ezihlukahlukene: 
- umqhele omuhle we-size encane, okuyinto elula yokulima ezindaweni ezincane zasendlini, kanye nokuvuna;
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala nokuningi, okuhambisana nokuzinza iminyaka engu-15;
- izihlahla zokuhlobisa;
- ukukhuthazela emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukuzivikela kwezifo kanye nezinambuzane;
- ukuthutha nokugcina ikhwalithi yezithelo;
- izimfanelo eziphezulu zokunambitheka nezokuthengwa kwama-apula;
- imvelo engahlambuluki yomuthi emhlabathini kanye nemibandela yokulima, kalula ukunakekelwa.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukuvuna nokulungiselela ama-apula ezinhlobonhlobo zasebusika zokugcina, akunakwenzeka ukusula i-wax esikhumbeni. Ivikela isithelo ekungeneni kwamagciwane kanye nezinhlamvu ze-fungal.Ukunakekelwa okunempilo kwensimu yezithelo ze-apula kanye nokuvuselelwa kwayo okuyingxenye yonyaka kuzokuvimbela ukwehla ekuvuneni nasekungenasithelo kwamapula kaMongameli. Этот сорт достойно конкурирует с элитной селекцией отечественного и зарубежного производства. Чтобы в этом убедиться, стоит попробовать.
