"Ubekiwe" - impela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zama-apula ebusika, okuvamile ezindaweni eziningi. Kulesi sihloko sizohlinzeka incazelo yalezi apula ngezithombe, kanye nokucabangela izinzuzo nezinkinga zabo.
Umlando wokuzala
"Uthathwe" - ama-apula ahlukahlukene, aphethwe ngabalimi baseMelika ngo-1935 ngenxa yokuhlanjululwa kwezinhlobo ezingekho ngaphansi kwezintandokazi "uJonathan" no- "Wagner". Lezi zinhlobonhlobo azizithobeki, ngakho-ke ziyaziwa kakhulu, zikhulekele ukuthekelisa. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-60, kwavela kabanzi e-Ukraine naseRussia.
Uyazi? Izithelo ze-Apple zithatha amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-5 emhlabeni.
Incazelo yomuthi
Apple tree yalokhu ezihlukahlukene ebonakala ngobukhulu obukhulu. Kuyinto yokuzikhandla. Umuthi ufinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 ubude, buyi-volumetric, inesiqu esikhulu, amagatsha amakhulu, asethuthukile aphuma esitokisini ngeso lengqondo. Crown ngendlela yebhola, amagatsha agcwele amahlamvu aminyene. Amagatsha namagatsha amnyama ombala obomvu, amagatsha amancane, njengokubusa, emthunzini omnyama. Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlangene, ahlaziyekile, aphikisayo.
Izici ezinjalo ziwuphawu lomuthi oneminyaka engu-5-8 ubudala, kanti ukukhula okukhulayo kubonakala kuphela emithinini yamapula amancane.
Iqala ukuqhakaza eminyakeni engu-3-5 yokuphila ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izimbali zinkulu, zifana ne-saucer, ezimhlophe, zinomphetho ocacile we-pink, ezixhunywe ku-inflorescences e-corymbose.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo kakhulu zama-apula: "Lingonberry", "Gala", "Florina", "Isipho kubalimi", "Anis", "I-Golden Delicious", "Solntsedar", "Jonagold", "Arkadik", "Emangalisayo", " Jung no-Starkrimson.
Incazelo yezithelo
Izithelo ze-apula zinkulu, esilinganiselwa ku-145-175 g. Kunesimo esifane nesigqoko, umbala ophuzi ophuzi obomvu obukhulu obuhlanganisa i-apula cishe ngokuphelele. Isikhumba siphuthele, kodwa kunesisindo esikhulu, sigcwele i-wax encane. Isiqhamo sesithelo esivuthiwe ukhilimu omncane, ujusi, ukunambitheka okumuncu, ngokulinganisela okumnandi, okuhlunga kahle.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ama-apula
| Indaba eyomile | 13,5 % |
| Ushukela | 10,5 % |
| I-ascorbic acid | 11.5 mg / 100 g |
| Izinto ezisebenza nge-P | 120 mg / 100 g |
| I-acid titrated | 0,6 % |
Amapulale wekhalori "Obekiwe" angama-47-50 kcal.
Inani lamandla wezithelo
| Squirrels | 0.4 g - 2 kcal |
| Amafutha | 0.4 g - 4 kcal |
| Ama-carbohydrate | 9.8 g - 39 kcal |
Amandla amaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate: 3% / 8% / 83%.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Ukukhanya kuyisici esiyinhloko esiqinisekisa inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Njengoba umqhele womuthi uphuthukile kakhulu, udinga ukusika izikhathi ngesikhathi ukunikeza ukukhanya okuhlangene nokuphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya okwanele kufinyelela kokubili nangaphakathi komqhele eningizimu nasentshonalanga. 
Izidingo zomhlaba
Inhlabathi lapho ama-apula "ahlelwe khona" kufanele akhule kufanele abe nomsoco, enobulungiswa obuhle kanye ne-aeration. Okuhle kakhulu yizindawo chernozem kanye nokukhanya okulula. I-Acidity (pH) - 6-7. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele abe ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ukusuka phezulu.
Kubalulekile! Isihlahla se-Apple asibekezeli izindawo ezikhukhula njalo, ngakho kufanele zitshalwe ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Ukuvota
Impova yalezi ezihlukahlukene ibonakala ngezinga eliphakeme lokuqina - 42-87%. Endabeni yokuzimela kwemvelo, kusuka ku-1.7 kuya ku-2.4% wezithelo, lapho kutholakala impova yokugcoba - kusukela ku-2.7 kuya kwezingu-7%, yizilwane eziphambili ezivela emanzini - kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-24%. Izinambuzane ezivuthiwe zibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinjalo: Wagner, Ruby Duc, Red Delicious, Gloucester, Florin. 
Izihlahla ze-Apple zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zinezidakamizwa zikwazi ukuzimela, ngakho-ke abalimi bayeluleka ukutshala izihlahla ezitshalo ezivundayo.
Fruiting
Uhlobo lwe-fruiting - kuxutshwe Izithelo zifakwa ngokulinganayo phakathi nobude bamagatsha, akukho ukuchayeka okuphawulwayo. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ama-apula ama-2-3 agcinwa ekhoneni. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuvuna okuvuthiwe, izithelo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa igqoke elincane.
Isivuno sokuqala kufanele kulindeleke eminyakeni engu-5-6 emva kokutshala isihlahla.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Ukuqedwa kwesikhathi sokuvuthwa - izinsuku zokugcina zikaSepthemba. Ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi, isithelo asikhuthazwa ukuqoqa, ngoba lokhu kungathinta kakhulu ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi yama-apula. 
Uyazi? Kusukela ngekhulu le-16 kuya kwele-19, abaseYurophu bahlobisa izihlahla zonyaka omusha ngama-apula, bekhetha izithelo eziqhakazile.
Ukuthela
Izihlahla ze-Apple zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezithelo ezinhle futhi zihlala zithela izithelo. Kwezinye izindawo, izinkomba zokukhiqiza zilingana nabalinganiselwa ku-300-400 / ha. Uma uneminyaka engama-6-7 kuya ku-30 kg we-apula, uneminyaka engu-10-13 kuya ku-90 kg.
Ukuthutha nokugcina
Ama-apula aqoshiwe ayathuthwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso zezimboni. Izinga lokwenza isithelo - 88-92%. 
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ama-apula angahlala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa impahla yawo. Uma indawo yokugcina ingaphansi kwendawo, izithelo zingakwazi ukulala izinyanga eziyisithupha, uma lokhu kuyisiqandisisi - kuze kufike isikhathi sehlobo ehlobo.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Impahla enhle kakhulu yalezi zihlukahlukene ukuphikiswa kwezifo eziningi nezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi endaweni emnyama. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi apula ziphikisana ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuba uqalise ukucubungula ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Ubusika obunzima
Ukukhulisa ama-apula ahlukahlukene "Ukwaziswa" kunconywa ezindaweni lapho izinga lokushisa aliwi phansi ngezansi -20 ° C, ngoba ukukhishwa kwemithi emithini kufinyeleleke ngisho nezinga elikhulayo lokuhlanganisa. Ezweni ezifudumele I-hardiness yobusika isilinganiso. 
Kubalulekile! Izihlahla ze-Apple akulula ukumelana nemimoya ebandayo, ngakho indawo enezikhwama eziqhubekayo ngeke isebenze.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Kutuswa ukuba udle izithelo fresh, okuyinto igcina zonke izinto eziyigugu. Zibonakala nge-juiciness enkulu, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ekwakhiweni kwamajusi nama-compotes. Ama-apula enza izithelo ezinhle kakhulu ezomisiwe, izigqoko, kanye ne-jam. Zibuye zengezwe kuma-saladi kanye nama-pastries, okwenza isitsha sibe yinambitheka yangempela.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinemikhuba eminingi emihle, kodwa ezinye ezimbi zingalandelwa eceleni kwazo. 
Izinzuzo
- Ukuvunwa okukhulu.
- Ibekezelela ukuma.
- Ukuthutha okuhle kakhulu.
- Izinga eliphakeme lokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo.
- Ukulimala ekuqaleni.
- Izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside.
- Ihambisana nomthamo omkhulu wamavithamini.
- Isetshenziselwa ukuzalisa izinhlobo ezintsha.
I-Cons
- Ukumelana okuphansi kwe-scab ne-powdery isikhutha.
- Kudinga ukondla njalo.
Uma ufuna ukuthi i-apple yakho ithele izithelo njalo ngonyaka, funda indlela yokubhekana ne-powdery isikhutha esihlahleni se-apula.
Ukwazi izici eziyinhloko ze-apula "U-Idared" futhi unamathele ezincomo eziyinhloko zokunakekelwa, abalimi ngeke kube nzima ukuthola isivuno esihle kakhulu sezithelo.
