Ukutshala utamatisi ngempumelelo ensimini kuxhomeke ikakhulukazi ezihlukahlukene ezizokhethwa ukutshala. Wonke umuntu ufuna ukuthola isivuno esiphakeme nesiphakeme njengomvuzo wemisebenzi yabo. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi lokuqala mayelana nezici, izidingo ze-agrotechnical, izinzuzo kanye nokungahleleki kwezihlobo ezithile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi eziqinisekisiwe futhi ezinqunywe kahle zibhekwa ngokuthi "Krasnobay F1". Mayelana naye futhi ukhulume.
Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Izinhlobo zeTomate "Krasnobay" zavuswa eRussia ngokuzala ngonyaka ka-2008. Lona yi-hybrid yokuvuthwa okuphakathi, okukuvumela ukuba uthole izithelo ezinyangeni ezingu-3.5-4 emva kokutshala izithombo.
Incazelo yezitamatisi ezinhlobonhlobo zeKrasnobay ihlukile kancane kwezici ze-utamatisi weklasi, ngaphandle kokuphakama kwe-shrub. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esigabeni se-fruiting kufinyelela ku-150 cm nangaphezulu, ngakho-ke i-garter edingekayo ekusekeleni iyadingeka. Ukukhula kwezitshalo akukhawulelwanga, okudinga ukumbumbana nokuphoqa. Ukuvunwa okuphezulu kutholakala ngokubunjwa kwesigamu esisodwa esisodwa.
Amahlamvu esitshalo somhlobo ojwayelekile, umbala omnyama omnyama, ubukhulu obujwayelekile. I-inflorescence yifomu elula futhi owokuqala ubonakala ngemuva kokwakheka kweqabunga elingu-9-11 esiqwini. Kunconywa ukuba uqede iphuzu elikhulayo ekupheleni kwenkathi ekhulayo ezingeni lama-brush 7-8.
I-hybrid inamandla okuphikisa izifo eziyinhloko ezithinta utamatisi.
Uyazi? Utamatisi ayaziwa eYurophu kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu lekhulu le-15 futhi yahlonywa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa ngezithelo ezinhle ezazibizwa ngokuthi ama-apula othando. Kuze kube yingxenye yesibili yekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, utamatisi abhekwa njengobuthi futhi awadliwe.
Izithelo Zezithelo
Utamatisi ezihlukahlukene "Krasnobay" ngendlela evuthiwe babe nezici ezinhle kakhulu ekubukeni, ukunambitheka, isisindo, ikhono lokugcina nokuthutha.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zemijikelezo ejikelezayo, encane ibe nombala omnyama obomvu utamatisi futhi zifinyelele isisindo sika 300-400 g, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zithatha isisindo kuze kube ngu-500 amagremu. Isikhala sangaphakathi se-utamatisi sihlukaniswe ngamakamelo amahlanu ane-juice ehlanzekile nembewu. Isithelo ngokwawo sinomzimba, njengoba okuqukethwe okwesomile esakhiweni salo kufinyelela ku-5-6% we-mass inani.
Izithelo ngendlela engavamile zivunyelwe. Utamatisi ususiwe ekuvuthweni kwamahlathi ngokuzimela ukuze kube nokuhluka okuhlukahlukene, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izimfanelo zabo zokudla okunomsoco nokunambitha. Kuyinto elula yokugcina isikhathi eside nokuhamba ngezindawo ezide.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole isivuno esikhulu esiqinisekisiwe, lezi zinhlobonhlobo kufanele zitshalwe endaweni ephezulu yokushisa, njengoba i-hybrid ekuqaleni yenzelwe ubuchwepheshe bokutshala utamatisi.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Lapho echaza ukufaneleka kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-tomas Krasnobay, amaphuzu alandelayo angaqokonyiswa:
- izitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu (kusuka ku-8 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye);
- isethulo esihle (ubushelelezi, ngaphandle kwemifantu nezindawo eziluhlaza ebusweni bezithelo);
- real utamatisi ukunambitheka (ngokuvamile hybrids kancane ukulahlekelwa it);
- ukumelana okukhulu nezilokazane nezifo;
- kungenzeka ukuthi isitoreji sesikhathi eside kanye nokuhamba kwebanga elide.
- ekhula kuphela ekushiseni okushisa;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa imbewu yokutshala okulandelayo;
- Ukuphila okungenampoqo nezinye izinhlobo utamatisi endaweni efanayo.
Uyazi? I-tomato enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, enesisindo esingama-3.8 kg, yatshalwe nguDan McCoy (USA, Minnesota) ngo-2014.
I-Agrotechnology
Ukukhula utamatisi "Krasnobay" ezimweni zokushisa, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo siphakeme futhi kufanele siboshwe. Esikhathini sokuhlwanyela ukuya ekuvuneni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina uhlelo olufanele lokushisa, ukujwayela kokunisela, nokuqhuba ukudla okunzima.
Inani lezitshalo ngamamitha ayizikwele zenhlabathi akufanele lidlule izihlahla ezine.
Ekunakekeleni, "Krasnobay" akuyona into ekhethiwe futhi ejwayelekile ayanele kuye, njenge:
- inhlabathi yesikhashana ivuselela;
- ukususwa kokhula;
- ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi;
- I-Garter ngokuhambisana nokuphakama kwesihlahla;
- ukuphonsa nokuphina.
Ukulungiselela imbewu, ukutshala imbewu emabhokisini nokuzinakekela
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, lungisa iziqukathi zezithombo; njengomthetho, lawa ngamabhokisi apula ngamapulangwe. Bagcwele i-substrate ehlanganiswe kancane. Usuku ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi elungiselelwe iphuziswa kakhulu.
Kungatshalwa njengembewu eyomile, futhi ngaphambilini ihlume. Inketho yokugcina iqhubekisela phambili inqubo yokuvela.
Imbewu ifakwa emigodini ekhethekile noma nje ebusweni bomhlabathi ngebanga lika-2 cm phakathi kwabo no 3-4 cm phakathi kwemigqa ebekiwe. Bese balala bevela phezulu ngenhla ka-1 cm ku-primer efanayo nebhokisi.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, ubuso buhlanganiswa ngokuphalaza, futhi ibhokisi lifakwa ekamelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingangeni ngaphansi kwe-22 ° C.
Emva kokuvela kwamashidi amabili okuqala, shiya eziqukathi ezincane ezihlukene (izinkomishi noma izimbiza) ukuze ukhule ngokuqhubekayo kwezithombo endaweni ehlukile.
Ukutshala nokutshala emhlabathini
Umkhiqizo we utamatisi we-hybrid "Krasnobay" ikakhulu kuxhomeke ekutshaleni okulungile kwezithombo emhlabathini.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ubeke umbhede emagqeni angama-40 ngamasentimitha angu-60 futhi ngamunye wabo enze izimbobo zokujula okwanele ukuze afake isimiso sezintambo zezithombo kanye nomhlabathi lapho imbewu ihlume khona. Kule ndawo, izitshalo ezine eziphakeme kufanele zitshalwe ngebanga elifanayo phakathi kwazo nasemaphethelweni wesigcawu esivelele.
Ngemuva kokuba imithombo ikulungele, kuthululwa amanzi amancane kuwo, futhi emva kokuba ixhunyiwe, izithombo zitshalwe. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izimpande, ezilula ngaphezu kwamanzi, zikhule kangcono.
Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ilele ngepulazi elifakwe kuyo, ukuphuza akudingekile. Kwanele ukwenza umqubuzane ozungeze isiqu ukunciphisa ukufudumala komswakama kakade okhona enhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokubeka izithombo emgodini, kufanele uqhube umgogodla we-garter eqhubekayo. Kusukela ezimweni zokushisa ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kumamitha angamahlanu nengxenye, isikhonkwane ngokwayo kufanele sibe ukuphakama okungenani 1.3 m ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi, ngokujula kwama-25-30 cm.
Ukunakekela nokuphuza
Ngemuva kokuthi izitshalo zitshalwe, akudingekile ukuba ziwuthe amanzi amasonto amabili, njengoba amanzi adluliselwa emgodini wokutshala unelungelo lokukhula ngokugcwele nokukhula okuqhubekayo. Esikhathini esizayo, kunconywa ukuba uchithe izitshalo njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi.
Ukunisela kuyenziwa empandeni, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa indlela yokufafaza, okungaholela ekwehleni kwama-inflorescences avele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukufafaza kwandisa umswakama nokushisa okushisa, okuholela ekubukeni kwemifantu ezithelo zokuvuthwa.
Ngesikhathi kuvela izithelo zokuqala, ukuvama kwamanzi okukhuphuka kwanda, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo umthamo wamanzi okhishwa ngesikhathi uyancipha.
Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi iswakanyiswe, ikhululiwe, isuse ukhula oluvela. Ukujula kokukhipha kuqhutshwa ekujuleni kwe-8-12 cm okokuqala kanye no-4-5 cm kukho konke okulandelayo. Kuphelele, kuzothatha kusukela ku-3 ukuya kweyesihlanu ukukhishwa isikhathi sonke - lokhu kuzogwema ukuhlanganisa nokubhukuda kwendwangu ephezulu yensimu, okuzovumela ukuthi uhlelo lwesitshalo sesitshalo lusebenze ngokujwayelekile.
Ukwandisa ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyadingeka ukubukela i-garter ye-strap. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuvuneni okuphezulu. Ngaphansi kwesisindo sezithelo esithululiwe, isiqu singase siphule. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo kuzodingeka ubophe isiqu 3-4 izikhathi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokutshala izinhlobo ezinjalo zezamatamatisi: "Petrusha gardener", "Red Red", "Honey Spas", "Volgograd", "Mazarin", "uMongameli", "Verlioka", "Gina", "Bobkat", "Lazyka" "," I-Rio Fuego "," i-French Grape ", i-" Sevryuga ", i-" Slot f1 "
Ngemuva kokuba izithombo ziqotshwe, pasynkovanie. Iqukethe ekususweni kwezinqubo ze-lateral zokwakhiwa kwesihlahla esiqukethe isithombo esisodwa esisodwa nesine noma ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, umgomo wokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezakhiwa izakhi ukuze kuthuthukiswe isitshalo esisodwa, isiqu esiphezulu siphumelele. Utamatisi we-Pasynkut uma ukubukeka kwe-lateral kuqhuma 3-4 cm ubude.
Uma kuqala ukubonakala kwesithelo, amaqabunga aphansi kufanele asuswe futhi ukukhonjiswa kufanele kwenziwe, okungukuthi, unqume iphuzu lokukhula bese ususa amabhulashi angadingekile.
Izitshalo zika utamatisi ziboshwe kuphela ngaphansi kwesibhamu lapho izithelo zikhona khona, kanti isikhonkwane kufanele sitholakale ngasenyakatho kude ku-8-10 cm esitshalweni.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezingalimaza utamatisi yi-whitefish, i-whitefly, i-moth nama-sawflies. Ukulwa nabo, kunezidakamizwa ezikhethekile ngokufana ne "Lepidocide".
Ukubukeka kwemayini ye-solanaceous kungenzeka. Ekulwa nalo kuzosiza ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elinjenge- "Miner".
Isifo esinjalo njenge-fomoz sichithwa ngokunciphisa inani le-nitrogen enhlabathini, ngokunciphisa ngesikhathi esisodwa kumswakama kanye nokususwa kwezithelo ezithintekile.
Kuzo zonke izinambuzane nezifo, i-Krasnobay F1 inegciwane lesandulela ngculazi elinamandla, ngakho-ke ukubonakala kwabo kungabanjwa yi-prophylaxis evamile. Ukuchelela okwesikhashana, ukusika (ukukhululeka), ukudla nokugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile ngeke kuvumele izifo zivele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Utamatisi "Krasnobay F1" inambitheka kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwenzeka ngendlela ephelele futhi ekwakheni ama saladi ahlukahlukene. Kufanelekile ukuthola i-salting emabhaleni. Kodwa umdanso wendabuko emitini emithathu-litre, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu besithelo.
Utamatisi "Krasnobay" afanele ukucubungula utamatisi juice.
Utamatisi we-hybrid "Krasnobay F1" wazuza ngokufanele ukuthandwa kwabo phakathi kwabalimi ngomkhiqizo wabo ophezulu, ukulwa nezifo nokungathobeki ekunakekeleni. Ukusebenzisa amacebo wezolimo okufanele, ngezindleko ezincane zomsebenzi nezokusebenza, ungathola isitshalo esinqinile - kuze kube amabhakede amabili ezithelo ezivela esihlahleni esisodwa. Faka isicelo sezincomo ezingenhla - futhi ujabulele utamatisi amakhulu, okuthakazelisayo.
