Uma ufuna izihlahla zezithelo engadini yakho, siphakamisa ukuthi ucabange ukhetho lokutshala ekwindla amapheya "ezifundweni". Incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo nezimo zokulima kwayo ingatholakala kulesi sihloko. Ngokushesha, sibona ukuthi enye yezindinganiso ezisemqoka zalesi sihlahla se-pear is hardiness yayo yasebusika futhi kungenzeka ukukhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nakweminye imikhakha "yokulima engozini".
Umlando we-Inference
Esikhathini semvelaphi yefuyari ye-pear "Academic" namuhla ayikho idatha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uboshwe abasebenzi baseMoscow Agricultural Academy. KA Timiryazeva - S. Chizhov, S. Potapov, N. Agafonov no A. Isakin. Umuthi wanikezwa ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukeneko kungekudala kakhulu - ku 1997 Izincomo zezinhlobonhlobo zazibandakanya ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlolwa esifundeni esiPhakathi.
Hlola izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamapheya: "Ububele", "Petrovskaya", "In Memory of Zhegalov", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya Dew", "Izingane", "Rogneda", "Elena", "Fairytale", "Nika" kanye " I-Northerner. "
Incazelo yomuthi
Ukukwazi ngebanga le-pear "Academic" sizoqala ngencazelo yomuthi. Umuthi we-pear walezi zihlukahlukene ukhula ubukhulu obuphakathi. Umqhele wakhe ubhekene nokuhlanganiswa nobukhulu. Ngokwefomu - iphramramidal ebanzi.
Incazelo yezithelo
Izithelo zakha ifomu elihle le-shrubkoobrazhevy. Ziyakhanda ngombala - zesikhumba esiphuzi nehlangothini elibomvu. Ngokwesilinganiso, elilodwa eliphakathi kwelifinyelela ku-130-150 g Irekhodi lomnikazi lifinyelela ku-250 g.
Izithelo zinamathele ezilinganisweni eziphakathi. 
Inyama yabo ibomhlophe, isisindo esihle kakhulu, sinamanzi. Iphunga alikhulumi kakhulu. Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kumuncu.
Uyazi? Amapheya ayasiza kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Esinye isithelo sinama-fiber angu-20% okusuka kumkhuba wansuku zonke kubantu, i-10% ascorbic acid, i-6% ye-potassium. Iqukethe nezinto eziningana ezihlobene nezinambuzane zemvelo kanye nama-antifungal agents.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingcono kakhulu ezitshalwe eningizimu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga noma entshonalanga. Indawo lapho umuthi we-pear uzokhula khona, kungcono ukhethe ilanga, noma ngabe akufanele kube khona. Iqiniso ukuthi i-pear ayithandi ukukhula ngokushisa okunamandla kwamanzi. 
Ngokukhanya okungalungile, lesi sitshalo sizoveza izithelo ezincane. Futhi izithelo, nazo, ziyoba ushukela ophansi futhi, ngokufanele, azijabulisi kakhulu.
Funda mayelana nezinzuzo nokulimala kokudla amapheya.
Izidingo zomhlaba
I-pear izokhula kahle emhlabathini. Inhlabathi kumele idlulise amanzi namoya kahle. Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukuhlomisa umgodi ngemifula emihle, ngoba lesi sitshalo ngeke sisinde umswakama oqhubekayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba uqaphele ukutholakala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba - akumele kube khona okungaphezu kwamamitha amabili kuya emhlabathini.
Izizathu ezinhle zokutshala amapheya "Akademicheskaya" yizi:
- i-sod;
- i-sod medium;
- i-sod kancane;
- i-sandy loam
- i-loamy elula.
Ngokusho kwe-asidi yokusabela, inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-pH ephansi-ngezansi 6. Kubalulekile ukungeza i-lime ngaphambi kokutshala isithombo kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukutshala kufanele uqaphele ukuthi intamo yempande ye-seedling yayisezingeni elingaphezulu komhlaba, cishe ezingeni lika-3-5 cm.
Ukuvota
Izinhlobonhlobo zijwayele ukuzala. Kodwa-ke, ukwandisa isivuno samapheya "Akademicheskaya" kubalulekile ukutshala izihlahla zezinye izinhlobo ezizoba yiziphova ezivunguzayo. I-Lada, i-Otradnenskaya, i-Severinka, i-Chizhovskaya ifaneleka kakhulu kule njongo. 
Fruiting
Iphakathi kwe "Academic" ibalwa njengomuthi onohlobo oluxubene lwe-fruiting. Izithelo ngokuvamile ziboshwe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokhuni. I-pear ifaka ukulimala eminyakeni emithathu-emine ngemuva kokutshala isitsha.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa okuphakathi kwe "Academic" siwela eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba. Naphezu kobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu, izithelo zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile emagatsheni futhi aziwa.
Ukuthela
Imithi ibhekwa isivuno esijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile kuba yi-50 kg emthini owodwa. 
Ukuthutha nokugcina
Ukuthuthwa kwezithelo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-Akademichesky kuhle. Njengawo wonke amaphilisi ekwindla, izithelo zigcinwa isikhathi eside - kuze kube amasonto amabili noma amathathu esiqandisini kuze kufike ngoNovemba emiphongolweni. Ikhwalithi yokugcina isikhathi eside ingafinyelelwa ngokuqoqa izithelo esiteji sokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukugcina ubuqotho be-stem, ukubuka izinga lokushisa elidingekayo - kusuka ku-0 ° C kuya ku-4 ° C kanye nomswakama womoya ezingeni lika 85-90%.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala i-pear tree kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngokutshala kwesikhathi, kungathatha izimpande kabi noma kubonise isivuno esibi kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubambelela ezikhathini zokunconywa ezinconywayo. - ngaphambi kokuba izinso zivule - Emasimini ephakathi nendawo enyakatho yokulima.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Lapho bezalisa ezihlukahlukene, ababelethi baqinisekisa ukuthi bebhekene nokuphikisa isikhumba, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo asiguli nhlobo. Njengoba sezulu eside imvula ingawa izithelo bola.
Kulezi zinambuzane kuyingozi kakhulu izinduku. Umuthi kufanele uvikeleke kuwo umuntu - ukumboza isiqu saso ngenetha elikhethekile. 
Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost
Izihlahla zalesi silasi zibhekene nokuqina okuhle kwebusika - izinga layo liphawulwe ngokuthi "ngenhla isilinganiso". Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi leli peyari lingakhula ezindaweni lapho kunesimo sezulu esinzima.
Ukwandisa ukumelana kwasebusika kwenhlabathi ezungeze isiqu somuthi we-pear, kudingekile ukuba umquba, futhi ukugoqa isiqu ngezinto ezikhethekile ezivumela ukuthi umoya nomswakama kudlule. Njengoba i-mulch ngokuvamile isebenzisa humus. Ubekwe ohlangothini lwe-5 cm. 
Uyazi? E-China, i-pear ehlonywe kusukela ngo-1134 BC. i-er Kwase kuyisikhathi eside, amaShayina ayewubheka njengophawu lokungafi. Ukuze uliphule, noma ngisho nje ukubona i-trunk ephukile, kubo kwakusho okungahambi kahle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Izithelo izinhlobo "Academic" inhloso yonke. Zingadliwa zihlanzekile, zenze i-compote yazo, zenze i-jam ne-jam, zomile.
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuvuna amapheya ebusika.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Njenganoma yikuphi okuhlukahlukene, ikhasi elithi "Isifundo" linamathuba amaningi nezinzuzo. Kulokho unezinzuzo eziningi kakhulu kunezingozi Ungawuqinisekisa ngokubuyekeza uhlu ngezansi. 
Izinzuzo
Phakathi kwezinzuzo esizibheka lezi zici ezilandelayo:
- ukumelana nomonakalo wesikhumba;
- isethulo esihle kakhulu sezithelo;
- ukunambitheka okuhle;
- Izithelo ezincane ngaphezu kwesilinganiso;
- ukunemba.
I-Cons
Phakathi kwe izici ezimbi ezinhlobonhlobo, mhlawumbe singakhuluma ngamabili kuphela:
- ukwakheka komqhele kunzima kakhulu;
- Ukusabela okunamandla kumswakama oqhubekayo, izikhukhula.
Uyazi? Ngaphambi kokuba kugwetshwe ugwayi eYurophu, abaseYurophu babhema amaqabunga amancane.
Ikhasi "Elifundelwe" - Lokhu kuyisinqumo esihle kunoma iyiphi ingadi. Akukwenzi izidingo ezikhethekile zokubunjwa kwenhlabathi, inezinkinga ezinhle zobusika, ayihambisani nomonakalo wesikhumba. Uma utshalwa endaweni ekhanyisiwe, ukusetshenziselwa ukuchelela okudingekayo kanye nokufafaza, ukufaka umquba kanye nokusika izihlahla zamapulazi kuzokwenza izithelo ezihlwabusayo, ezinhle nezempilo ezihanjiswa kahle futhi zigcinwe kahle.
