Ngohlobo lweRakitnik uthwala cishe izihlahla ezinhlanu namithi amancane angatholakala EYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Western Siberia.
Zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlobisa izintambo zomhlabathi, futhi zikhule njengezihlahla ezihlotshaniswa ngamaqembu futhi zingabodwa.
Incazelo jikelele yesitshalo
Umhluzi uyisihlahla esiphezulu isitshalo esikhulu somuncuokuyinto ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili nengxenye. Iziqu zalo zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi olukhanyayo, futhi lungaba yi-pubescent kanye ne-silvery.
Uqala ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo, futhi umbala wombala wayo ungafana ophuzi omhlophe noma ukhilimukanjalo futhi i-lilac noma obomvu. Izimbali, ezifana nezimbali ze-pea, zikhona emagatsheni amahlumela noma emaceleni amaqabunga. Kwezinye izinhlobo zomshanelo, izimbali zinephunga elimnandi kakhulu.
Izinhlobo
Blotsky Broom - Chamaecytisus blockianus
Lezi zinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingavamile ezibalwe eNcwadini Ebomvu e-Ukraine. Kungatholakala futhi engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia. Ikhula phakathi kwezinye izihlahla futhi itholakala ngaphansi kwehlathi elingenalutho.
Ekuphakameni, umshanelo ungakhula kuze kube ngamasentimitha angu-40. Kuze kube usayizi onjalo, ikhula eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyithathu. I-Blossom iqala ekuqaleni kuka-July futhi i-blooms cishe inyanga, igxile ukunakwa izimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi. Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala ka-Okthoba ukuvuthwa kwezithelo zalesi shrub kwenzeka.
I-Bark yodwa yande - i-Chamaecytisus glaber var. elongatus
Lezi zinhlobo ngokuvamile zikhula emithambekeni yentaba engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Western Europe. Ukuphakama kwalo kungamamitha ayisigamu nesigamu. Inkathi ekhulayo esikhwameni esilandela ngenhla iqala ukuphela ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi ka-Ephreli futhi iphela phakathi no-Okthoba.
Ukhula ngokushesha, futhi uqala ukuqhakaza lapho efinyelela eminyakeni emithathu noma emine ubudala. Izimbali ziphuzi ngombala., kanti izithelo zivuthiwe ngoSepthemba.
Umshanelo oqamba amanga - Chamaecytisus ngaphezulu
Izwe lakuleli sitshalo I-Europe yaseNingizimu nephakathi.
Izinqubo zezimila kulo ziqhubeka kusukela ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Isihlahla esiphezulu singafinyelela kusuka ngamashumi amahlanu kuya kwangukhulu amasentimitha.
Ikhula ngesivinini esivamile, futhi iqala ukuhluma futhi ithele izithelo ekufinyeleleni kweminyaka emithathu ubudala. Izimbali zihlala cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amane nanhlanu.
Iqala maphakathi noJuni futhi iphela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, futhi ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba izithelo zivuthwe.
I-Podolsky umshanelo - Chamaecytisus podolicus
U-Broom Podolsky wasakaza e-Ukraine naseningizimu yaseRussia. Ngokuvame ukhetha izintambo ezomile ze-limestone njengendawo yakhe yokuhlala. Ukuphakama, lezi zihlukahlukene ngokuvamile zifinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-50, kodwa eMoscow ungathola izibonelo ezifinyelele kumitha eyodwa. Ububanzi bomqhele wabo buyizingamamitha amabili.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza salesi sitshalo siqala kusukela engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni kuya kuSeptemba, kanti izithelo zingavuthwa kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.
Broom Purple - Chamaecytisus purpureus
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ezinhlakeni zezitshalo ezikhethile izintaba ezisezintabeni I-Europe yaseNingizimu nephakathi. Kuyinto izilwane ezinwabuzelayookuyinto evame ukufika ngamamentimitha ayisithupha ukuphakama. Kungabonakala ngomqhele osabalalisa wombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ohlanganisa amagatsha aphakanyisiwe, ahlanganiswe kakhulu ngamaqabunga amathathu kanye nezicucu ezinjenge-ellipse. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwayo iminyaka emithathu kuya kwine.
Amahlumela alo mmele wezilwane zasendle angabonakala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ngoJuni, kanti isikhathi sokukhula kwawo siqhubekela phambili kuze ku-Okthoba. Ebusika, shrub frosting kuya uphawu lapho kukhona ikhava iqhwa. Yena ikhetha izindawo ezibukeke kahle futhi umhlabathi ophezulu we-carbonate.
Ubuhle obubomvu buqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wesihlanu kuya kwesithupha wokuphila kwawo. Izimbali zalo ezikhangayo zijabulisa iso njalo ngonyaka kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuthela izithelo ezineminyaka emihlanu, izithelo zifika ekuvuthweni ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Agasti noma ngesonto lokuqala likaSepthemba. Isikhathi semifino siqala ngoMeyi futhi sihlala izinsuku eziyikhulu namashumi ayisithupha nantathu.
I-Regensburg umshanelo - Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis
Lezi zilwane zihlala esifundeni eseningizimu ye-Western Europe futhi emgodini weMfula iDnieper e-Ukraine phakathi kwezinye izihlahla noma emabhande e-coniferous ehlathini.
Up ukhula ngamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu. Amahlumela emfudumeni waseRenensburg ahlanganiswe namaqabunga anemibala enesiliva namagatsha amathathu.
Izimbali zemifino umbala okhanyayo okhanyayo onombala obomvu owenziwe ngecala elimnyama elibekwa emahlumela omnyaka odlule kuma-axils weqabunga futhi axhunyiwe emabhulashini owodwa, afana ne-scallops.
Izimbali zihlala kulesi sitshalo kusuka ezinsukwini eziyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwezinsuku ezimbili. Izithelo zaso ubhontshisi obulinganiselwa kumamitha amathathu.
Lesi sitshalo sihlukile okuphawulekayo ukuqina kweqhwa nokukhanya okuthandayo. Ngokulula kulula ukubekezelela isimo sezulu esomile.
Roshal Broom - Chamaecytisus rochelii
I-Roshal broomstick isakazeka e-Balkans yaseYurophu, kanye nasemaphethelweni amahlathi e-coniferous entshonalanga ye-Ukraine. Ikhula kuya ekuphakameni kwamamentimitha angamashumi amahlanu kuya kwengu-90 futhi ihlakazekile amahlumela afakwe amaqabunga anezintathu ezintathu ezinamaqanda-lanceolate, lapho izinwele ezibomvu zingamamentimitha amabili nengxenye ngobukhulu.
Izimbali nezithelo ziqala ukuvela ehlathini lapho eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngoJuni futhi sihlala cishe amasonto ambalwa. Izimbali zinombala ophuzi ophuzifuthi ubude bawo buyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu. Buthana ezincane ze-inflorescences.
Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kungabonwa ngenyanga yesithathu ehlobo. Zibhontshisi ze-pubescent ezigulayo.
Ukuze i-shrub enjalo ifaneleke kakhulu umhlabathi onesihlabathi nomhlabathi. Uthanda ilanga futhi akukho nkinga. ubekezelela isomiso.
Broom Russian - Chamaecytisus ruthenicu
Lezi zinhlobo zivame kakhulu. eCaucasus nasentshonalanga yeSiberiafuthi nasezintabeni ze-steppes nase-forest-steppes zezindawo zaseYurophu zaseRussian Federation.
Kungakhula kokubili emithambekeni yamatshe futhi ehlathini lamahlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudala i-undergrowth emahlathini okuthiwa yi-coniferous, ukuxazulula inhlabathi engenamhlabathi.
Ukuphakama kwalo kuvame ukuba ngamamitha owodwa nengxenye. Kubonakala ngokuba khona kwamagatsha abushelelezi noma aphuziwe futhi ahlume nge-edge.
Amagatsha afakwe amaqabunga e-trifoliate ne-lanceolate-elliptical lobes enameva. Umbala wengxenyeni yangaphandle yamaqabunga unemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uhlangothi lwabo lwangaphakathi lugcwele izinwele.
Ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga kungabonakala kusuka ezihlathini ezintathu kuya ezinhlanu izimbali eziluhlaza okwesitshalo esimnandi. Izimbali zihlala izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu.
Izithelo kukhona ubhontshisi obala, ubude bawo abudluli amamitha angamashumi amathathu. Bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngenyanga yokuqala ekwindla. Ububanzi bebhontshisi bungaba grey kumnyama noma kumnyama. Kusukela phezulu zimbozwe izinwele ezimhlophe. Ngaphakathi kwesithelo uzothola okusanhlamvu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubude obungama-millimeters amathathu, obunombala obomvu noma ophuzi.
QAPHELA ezinye izitshalo ezimbili ezinjengezitshalo ezinjengama-broom: I-Skimmy neLeptospermum. Zingaba umhlobiso wekhaya lakho noma ingadi.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
Uma unquma ukuthenga umshanelo, kufanele uqaphele kuphela lezo zithombo ezikhulile ezimbizeni noma ezitsheni.
Izithombo ezindala zobukhulu obukhulukokuba nesistimu yezimpande ezingenalutho akufanele ukuthenga, ngoba bazojwayela indawo engazijwayele isikhathi eside noma bangase bangathathi nhlobo.
Khetha kusengaphambili ukuze umqashi wakho omusha ucebe ngokukhanya okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba kuhlobene izitshalo ezinothando. Indawo yokubekwa kwayo kumele ivikeleke ngokusuka ku-frost nomoya oqinile. Kungcono kakhulu ukuzizwa enhlabathini encane e-acidic, elula kalula umswakama.
KUBALULEKILE! Uma uzithengela isilwane esisha, sibheke ngokucophelela izinambuzane kanye nezibonakaliso zezifo ezifayo. Ngemuva kokuba ulethe isitshalo ekhaya, uchithe uma kwenzeka ukwelapha nge-fungicide.
Ukudubula
Ukudubula umshanelo usuyenziwe ngemuva kokuphela.
Amahlumela wonyaka odlule anqunywe engxenyeni yokukhula kwawo.
Lokhu kukhwabanisa kushukumisa ukuvela kwamahlumela amasha, lapho izimbali zizovela khona ngonyaka ozayo.
KUBALULEKILE! Lapho usika izihlahla, zama ukungathinti lezo zincenye zamagatsha eziye zakwazi ukugubha.
Ukunisela
Izitshalo ze-spring nezihlobo zasehlobo kufanele zanele iningi futhi kwenziwe ngokushesha emva kokumisa phezulu. Ekwindla nasebusika, kufanele baphuze kancane, ngoba umswakama obuningi kakhulu wehlabathi uzoholela ekutheni uhlolwe. Ukunisela ukujwayela ukusebenzisa amanzi, okubandakanya i-lime.
Ukufika
Ukutshala ama-breeches kufanele kwenziwe enhlabathini, equkethe ingxenye eyodwa yenhlabathi ye-turf, ingxenye eyodwa yama-humus nezingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi. Umanyolo wamaminerali kumele usetshenziswe ngokushesha emhlabathini.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izithombo yisihlobo sonyaka. Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube kabili ubukhulu be-coma yobumba, etholakala ekusikeni kwesithombo. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemikhumbi yokufika kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angu-30 kuya kwangu-50.
Ngaphansi kwegodini kubeka imfucuza, equkethe amahlumela olwandle noma izingcezu zitiniongqimba lwayo kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angu-20 ubukhulu.
Ukugeleza kuthululwa phansi kuze kube yilapho izinga lalo lilingana nomngcele ongaphezulu we-clod zobumba nezimpande zawo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzungeze isitshalo kumele kuthululwe umhlaba kanye nenqama. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza isikhashana sokuphuzisa. Ngemuva kokutshala inzalo kudinga ukuchelela okuningi.
Ukufakelwa
Njengomuntu omdala, ukufakelwa kwe-broom akubekezeli, ngakho-ke uma kunesidingo sale nqubo, kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esincane.
KUBALULEKILE! Ezimpandeni zalolu mmeli we-flora, ungabona izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingadingeki ususe lapho uphahla. Bambalela izakhi.
Ukukhula kusuka ensimini ekhaya
Uma ufuna ukukhula ngokweqile umshanelo, kusuka emzimbeni, ungavunwa kusuka kubhontshisi abavuthiwe ngo-Agasti noma ngo-Septhemba.
Ukutshala imbewu, ulungise izitsha ezidinga ukugcwala isanti noma ingxube ekhethekile yomhlabathi.
Ukuthola kuyadingeka ukuxuba i-peat nesihlabathi ezinxenyeni ezilinganayo.
Imbewu idinga ukujuliswa emhlabathini ngamamitha ayizihlanu kuya kweziyisithupha. Emva kokutshala imbewu, faka isitsha endaweni emnyama, ukushisa kwemoya lapho kuzohlala khona ngaphakathi phakathi kwama-degree ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili wokushisa. Iziqukathi zembewu zidinga ukupomfa njalo nokushayela.
Lapho imbewu ihluma, kufanele idilize ngokweqile ngamabhodwe, ukuphakama kwalo okumele kube ngamamentimitha ayisikhombisa. Gcwalisa izimbiza ngengxenyana yenye ingxenye yama-humus, ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba osondayo.
Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, izithombo kufanele zifakelwe zibe izimbiza ngokuphakama kwamamentimitha ayishumi nanye bese zibagxilisa ukuze ziqale ukuphuma.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela ezinjalo zokukhiqiza kwalowo omele umhlaba wezitshalo:
- imbewu;
- ukubeka;
- ukusika.
Lapho izithelo ezihlahleni zivuthwa, zivula futhi baphonsa imbewu eningiokuyinto, ngaphandle kokusizwa, ihluma ezungeze isihlahla. Lapho amaqabunga avela kulawa amahlumela, ungawadlulisela kwenye indawo.
Ukuze uthole izendlalelo, kubalulekile ukugoba amagatsha esihlahla esidala bese uwabeka emigodini eyakhelwe ngaphambilini, bese ufafaza umhlaba.
I-Cuttings broom eyenziwe ezinyangeni zokuqala zasehlobo. Sika ama-cuttings amancane angama-centimitha angu-20 ubude, shiya amaqabunga amathathu noma amane bese uwahlwanyela emagumbini agcwele ingxube ye-peaty-sandy.
Vala amabhokisi ngefilimu ebonakalayo ye-polyethylene bese ulinda cishe inyanga eyodwa nengxenye kuze kube yilapho i-cuttings igxila. Gcina amabhokisi egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa khona uphawu lokufaka amadigri angamashumi amabili.
HLAWULA! Mhlawumbe uzoba nesithakazelo ngezimbali ezingavamile kusuka esigabeni samaqabunga okuhlobisa, njenge: Strobilantes emangalisayo, i-Kufeya engavamile, i-Caladium ekhangayo.
Ukushisa
Ngenkathi yokusahlobo-ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lomoya elikhethwa kakhulu kunomshanelo yizididi eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili-amabili nanhlanu ngaphezu kwezinga.
NgoNovemba, ithola isikhathi sokuphumula, egijima kuze kube ngoFebhuwari.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa elincane kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degrees ayisishiyagalolunye neshumi, ngoba izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-degrees ayishumi ukushisa isilwane sakho sizoqala ukulimaza.
Ukukhanyisa
Iningi lomshanelo uthanda ukukhanya okukhulu okungafani. Inani elincane lemisebe eqondile elangeni ngeke lihlukumeze, kodwa ngesikhathi semini kuyisifiso sokumbamba kancane.
Uma ugcina umshanelo ekamelweni, kuzokuba ngcono ukuzwa emafasiteleni asezindaweni zasempumalanga noma esentshonalanga, kodwa ungayifaka eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Zuza kanye nokulimala
KUBALULEKILE! Umshanelo okhulayo, ungakhohlwa lokho lesi sitshalo sinobuthi. Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, inezinto ezithile zokuphulukisa.
Ngakho, umlusi waseRussia uyaziqhenya okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-flavonoidsuyakwazi ukukhipha i-chlorine emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banezici ezinhle kakhulu umphumela wesifo.
Ukuze ulungise i-tincture noma i-decoction ye-breech yaseRussia, kuzodingeka uqoqe amagatsha aphezulu ehlathini eligcwele izimbali ezincane ngokushesha ngemva kokusila. Umuthi owamukelwe unconywa ukuba usetshenziswe ngabantu abahluphekayo i-cholecystitis, i-hepatitis, i-angina noma i-migraine.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Umhluzi uhlukile okuhle ukumelana nezilokazane nezifo.
Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ukuhlaselwa ngesikhwama somshukela, okungabonakaliswa kalula ngokupuniza isitshalo nge 0.2% ye-chlorophos.
Ungakwazi ukubhekana nenundu yomshanelo usebenzisa i-organophosphate noma izinambuzane ze-bacteria, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo.
Uma itholakala emaqabunga e-powdery isikhutha, kubalulekile ukuphatha iziqu zalo zokulala ngekhambi le-5% le-copper sulfate.
Isiphetho
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, umshanelo ungaba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu yakho futhi njalo ngonyaka ujabule iso lakho ngezimbali ezimnandi.
