I-agapanthus enomusa othakazelisayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Afrika noma i-Nile lily, iyoba umhlobiso omuhle wensimu yakho nekhaya. Ukuhunyushwa kusuka egameni lesiGreki kusho "imbali yothando" ("agape" - uthando no "anthos" - imbali). Esikhathini esidlule, imibono yabososayensi mayelana nokuthi yiliphi uhlobo lokufaka lesi sitshalo esingapheli sase-Afrika (babengummeli weLily, no-Amaryllis, nemindeni ye-onion), bahlukana, kodwa namuhla yizinhlobo ezihlukene ezizimeleyo ezivela kulo igama elithi flower - Agapant. Indawo yakubo yiNingizimu Afrika, lapho, ehlathini, ikhula ikakhulukazi ogwini nasemathafeni entaba.
Incazelo ye-Agapanthus
I-Agapanthus isitshalo esimnandi kakhulu, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zazo ezivame ukuluhlaza. Imbali inesimo esithakazelisayo samaqabunga kanye ne-peduncle ende, okwenza lo mmele wezitshalo ayingqayizivele, kanye nezimbali zamathoni anomzimba ongajwayelekile.
Izici eziyinhloko ezichaza ukubukeka kwe-agapanthus:
- izimpande: inamandla, inyama;
- rhizome: ezinwabuzelayo, ezincane;
- amaqabunga: okuqhakazile, ukuqoqa ekhoneni;
- ukuma kweqabunga: okulingana, ibhande-like;
- peduncle: eside (kufika ku-1.5 m), obukhulu;
- umbala wombala: ezimhlophe, ezigcwele okwesibhakabhaka, i-lilac-blue;
- ifomu le-inflorescence: ifomu lesambulela;
- ukuma kwembali: i-funnel;
- Isikhathi sokuqhakaza: izinyanga ezimbili;
- inombolo yezimbali ku-inflorescence: cishe 150;
- ukukhula okuphakathi: indawo evulekile (ingadi, i-manor, i-flower bed), izimo zamakamelo (ibhodlela, isithombo).
Ukuma kwamaqabunga agapanthus kufana ne-daylily, izinhlobo zazo ezithandwa kakhulu.
Uyazi? Ngokomlando wasendulo, intombazane enobuhle obungavamile yayihlala e-Ethiopia. Ngesikhathi, sonke esizweni sasihlala ngokuvumelana nangokuthula. Kodwa ngemuva kokuba le ntombazane inqume ukwamukela ubuKristu futhi yathatha lesi sinyathelo ngokungahambisani nezithakazelo zabanye abantu bakithi, ama-Abyssiniya athukuthela futhi ambulala. Endaweni yokufa kwakhe imbali yakhula, njengokungathi ibonisa ubuhle bayo obuhle. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lesi sitshalo se-Afrika sibhekwa njengophawu lwenhlanhla nokuchichima.
Ukunakekela nokufika
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokubili engadini nasendlini, sidinga ukuhlinzekela izimo ezithile: ukushisa nelanga, inhlabathi encane noma engekho hlangothi enezici eziphilayo, kanye nokuvuthwa njalo kodwa ngokulinganisela.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma sikhuluma ngokukhula kwe-agapanthus ensimini, uthando lwakhe ngesimo sezulu esincane lubonisa ukubekezelelana kubanda. Nganoma yikuphi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ohlangothini olubi ngezansi +10 ° C indawo yokukhosela edingekayo. Lokhu kungase kube ibhokisi elifafazwe nge-sawdust, amatshebhisi noma isihlabathi.
I-Agapanthus ingasetshenziswa njengezimbali eziluhlaza. Kule nhloso nazo zifanelekile: zhivuchka, isikhungo sokuphuza amanzi, ibhalsamu, izinkanyezi, amabellane, iminduze yesigodi, i-chrysanthemums, i-mordovnik, i-arabis, i-gravilat.
Ezindaweni ezinobusika obunzima, ama-agapanthus agubha amaqabunga, agcinwe ebhokisini elihlukile futhi egumbini elipholile, kanti entwasahlobo isitshalo sibuyiselwa ensimini.
Kubalulekile! Uma kunesithakazelo esanele salendawo lapho i-agapanthus itshalwe khona, i-peduncle isolwe kakhulu kangangokuba isongela ukuphuka, ngakho kufanele iphoqelelwe noma iboshwe.Imithetho eyisisekelo yokutshala i-agapanthus nokumnakekela emhlabathini ovulekile:
- inhlabathi yokutshala: inhlanganisela yama-humus, umhlaba we-clay-sod, i-hardwood humus nesihlabathi (isilinganiso - 2: 2: 1: 1);
- ukukhanya okwanele kwesakhiwo sensimu: eningizimu, entshonalanga noma empumalanga-eningizimu ngezansi nge-shading elula ngaphandle kokushaya imisebe eqondile yelanga;
- ukuthuthukiswa okuvelele ngisho nangenkathi epholile (ekushiseni kuka + 10-12 ° ะก), naphezu kokuthi i-agapanthus iyisitshalo esinokukhanya nesishisa kakhulu;
- Asikho isidingo sokwanda / ukuchithwa kwamaqabunga engeziwe - isitshalo sibhekana kahle nomoya omile ezindaweni zombili zasendlini nasendaweni engadini;
- ukuchelela okuningi kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya phakathi kwekwindla, kancane kancane kwehla njengoba sekuqala ukushisa kwezulu.
Kubalulekile! I-Agapanthus ikhulile engadini futhi izimo zasendlini zikhishwa emoyeni okukhiqizayo, okuyinto elwa ngempumelelo nama-bacteriological formations ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sihlanza ngokuphelele isikhala sezinsimbi ezisindayo.
Ekhaya
Izimiso okumelwe zigcinwe lapho utshala i-agapanthus futhi uyamnakekela ekhaya:
- indawo yokufika - ibhodlela elibanzi noma umgqomo;
- amanzi emanzini asetshenziselwa imfucumfucu noma amatshebhisi;
- ebusika, izinga lokushisa lomoya akufanele lidlule +15 ° C, amanzi angavamile kakhulu, kuphela ukumanzisa inhlabathi ukuze kugweme ukomisa izimpande;
- entwasahlobo, kungcono ukubeka ibhodlela ewindini elangeni noma kwenye indawo bese uqala ukuchelela okuningi kuze kube phakathi kwekwindla;
- ehlobo, i-agapanthus kumele yenziwe cishe usuku lonke emoyeni omusha.
Uyazi? Ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi i-phytoncides ekhishwa yi-agapanthus isiza ekulwa namagciwane ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo kune-garlic yomkhiqizo olwaziwa kakhulu.
Ukuzala
Lesi sitshalo singasakazwa ngezindlela eziningana: imbewu nokuhlukanisa impande.
Imbewu
Uma ucabanga ngokuzalisa i-agapanthus kusuka emakhaya ekhaya, khona-ke zihlwanyelwa kahle izithombo ngoMashi. Inhlanganisela enesihlabathi esincinci noma ingxube yenhlabathi nesihlabathi kufanelekile njengenhlabathi. Imbewu ifafazwe kancane ngomhlabathi, bese igcwele ingilazi.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile: ngezikhathi zonke uvula ingilazi bese uhambisa inhlabathi.Ngokusakaza ngokuhlelekile (cishe imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke) nokuphucula umhlabathi uma kudingeka, uzoqinisekisa ukukhula okujwayelekile kwezithombo. Izitshalo ezihlaza ezibonakalayo ziyisibonakaliso sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokutshala kuzo izimbiza ezihlukene zika 3-4 amahlumela.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa
Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhlukanisa impande kaningi kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo, kodwa nanku Eminye imithetho, ukuhambisana nalokho okuzosiza ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo:
- kudingeka ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zezimpande zamasayizi aphakathi, ngoba izimpande ezincane kakhulu zingaba yisithiyo ekuqhumeni;
- watshala izimpande ezihlukanisiwe enhlabathini engaphambi kwenhlabathi;
- ama-rhizomes amaningi noma amakhulu ahlukanisa ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhula okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo, ungaphonsa amalahle amancane emigodini yokutshala.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Phakathi kwezifo ezingaphazanyisa isitshalo, Okuvamile kakhulu okulandelayo:
- izifo ze-fungal (imbangela - ukuphola nokuphuza, ukwelapha - ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-fungicide);
- ukuphuza amaqabunga (isizathu - ukuphuza okungajwayelekile noma okungavamile kakhulu, ukulungiswa kokwelapha);
- ama-scythworm kanye nesicabucabu (angasuswa besebenzisa isepha evamile ukuhlanza isitshalo);
- ama-slugs kanye nemisipha, ikakhulukazi esebenzayo ebusuku (esuswe ngesandla noma esesabeka ngokushintshwa / ukusabalalisa kwama-eggshell azungeze isitshalo).
Umquba
Njengaziphi izidalwa eziphilayo, i-agapanthus idinga ukuqinisa ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwayo - ukudla. Indlela engcono yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezijwayelekile kuyoba njalo (njalo kwezinsuku ezingu-10) ukufaka umhlabathi ngobuningi ngamaminerali nezinsimbi eziphilayo ezingashintshwa ukuze kube nomphumela omuhle. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa kusukela entwasahlobo kuya phakathi kwekwindla.
Ukufakelwa
Zonke izinqubo zokufakelwa kwezitshalo kufanele zenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho umonakalo omncane ezimpandeni ze-agapanthus kungaholela ekufeni kwakhe. Abamele abancane bezitshalo bangatshalaliswa kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo, nangaphezulu kwabantu abadala - okungaphezu kwesisodwa eminyakeni emithathu. Ukuguqulwa kweminyaka ephakeme kakhulu kuvunyelwe ukuguqulwa njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, kodwa kungcono ukungabathinti nhlobo.
Ukuze amakamelo okuhlobisa, izithombo zokugcina izithombo nemibhede yemifula, i-agapanthus ihlangene ne-lanthanum, i-heliotrope, i-fuchsia nezinye izitshalo zasendlini.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo (ngezithombe)
Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bephikisana ngokuthi ngabe bahlukanisa yini izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo zezilwane, ngoba bonke bafana. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ekutshaleni lokhu kuphela okumangalisayo yilokhu:
- Agapanthus isambulela. I-shrub enezimpande ezinkulu, ekhuphukela ekuphakameni kuka-70 cm. Ilungiselelo eliyingqayizivele lamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama, aguqulwa, aphelile ekugcineni yisici salolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene lwesitshalo, olunika ubuhle obuhle. Umbala wezimbali ezibonakala maphakathi nehlobo lehlobo liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Uyazi? Elinye igama le-agapanthus isambulela ubuhle be-Abyssinian.
- Eastern agapanthus kubukeka kuhle kakhulu ngenxa yamaqabunga aminyene, ahlukahlukene-ajwayelekile womumo ogobile. Ngentuthuko enhle, ifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-60 cm. NgoJulayi-Agasti, ungabona izimbali zombala obala okwesibhakabhaka nge-tinge kancane.
- I-agapanthus ene-bell lime, amaqabunga ajwayelekile, futhi lifinyelela ekuphakameni kwe-15 cm kuphela (ezihlukahlukene ezincane). Iqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti ngezimbali ezinemibala enombala obomvu noma obomvu. Iningi liyashintsha ngokushesha izimo ezimbi.
Lezi zinhlobo ezingenhla nazo ziyizinhlobo ezithembisayo kakhulu zokuzalanisa izinhlobo zemvelo. Izimo zasekhaya zifaneleka kakhulu:
- African agapanthus, eyavela eYurophu eminyakeni engu-1601-1700. Emagqabeni alolu hlobo lwesitshalo kukhona umgqomo omhlophe, futhi ukhula ngezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, efinyelela ukuphakama okungaba ngu-68 cm.
- Ifomu le-agapanthus lase-Afrika elithintekile alivamile ibanga elithi "Albus"ikhula ngezimbali ezimhlophe.
