Ubuciko besikhathi esidala bokutshala izihlahla ezincane ziya ngokuya zithandwa kithi.
Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ornamental bonsai ezikhona, futhi thola ukuthi yiziphi izici ezikhulayo zokukhulela lezi zihlahla ezincane.
Ungabelana kanjani nge-bonsai
Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka yobuciko bokukhula kwezihlahla zama-potted zaseJapane (Chinese), kuye kwabonakala izinhlobo eziningana ze-bonsai classification.
Akuwona wonke umuthi esitsheni esiphansi - ibhonsai, abaholi bendabuko baseJapane banciphisa uhlu lwazo izilwane: iphayini, i-spruce, umjunipha, i-maple, i-azalea, i-rhododendron.
Ngokwesayizi
I-Allot 5 izinhlobo eziyinhloko. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo ezithile kunezinhlobo ezincane.
Ngakho-ke, kukhona:
- I-Mame (encane) - Lokhu kuhlanganisa izitshalo ezifika ku-20 cm phezulu.
- I-Soehin (encane) - kungumuthi ofika ku-25 cm.
- I-Kifu (ephakathi) - Izibonelo zezinhlobo ezinjalo zikhulile zize zifinyelele ku-40 cm high.
- I-Tyu / Tyukhin (enkulu) - laba sebevele behloniphekile kuze kube ngu-120 cm high.
- Nika / umdanso (omkhulu) - lapha konke okungaphezulu kuka-100-120 cm kwehla.
Ngenombolo yamathuluzi
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-bonsai, kuye ngokuthi inani lezihlahla zezitshalo.
I-single barrel bonsai - impande eyodwa, isihlahla esisodwa. Isitayela esivame kakhulu. Ukuthi kuyisisekelo sezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi ze-bonsai. 
I-Bontilateral Bonsai - uma iziqu eziningana zikhula zivela emthonjeni owodwa. Kunezitayela lapho izitshalo eziningana nezimpande ngabanye zikhula esitsheni esisodwa. 
Ngezitayela
Kunoma yikuphi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi inani noma inombolo yamataki, wonke ama-bonsai asetshenzisiwe esebenzisa amasu athile nemithetho enquma ukuthi ngamunye uzobukeka kanjani.
Uyazi? Isitayela ngasinye, ngaphezu kwegama eliyinhloko, nalo linomunye waseJapane, futhi ngamunye uzwakala njengombongo. Isibonelo, isitayela sokubhala - "Ukudansa kweGeisha ku-Breeze Spring." Noma isitayela somshanelo - "Ukuvumelana okuphelele emoyeni ophansi."Yile ndlela umehluko ngayo izitayela zeB bonsai. Ngokuyinhloko, umehluko emithini nemikhosi kucatshangelwa.
Lezi zitayela ziyahlukahluka emthambekeni we-trunk, ukuqondiswa kwamagatsha, ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlelwa kwabantu abaningana kwisitsha esifanayo. Izitayela eziyinhloko ze-bonsai zibhekwa ngokuthi "ezihlelekile zakudala", "zihlahla" futhi "zihlasele". Izitayela ezisele zihlukahluka kulezi zintathu, zihluka kuphela kwinani lezihlahla, ukuthambekela kokugqoka nokubunzima kokusetshenziswa.
Ekhaya ungakhula encane enhle kakhulu, emnandi kakhulu emthini, okuzoba yi-mrtrali, i-ficus microcarp, i-fir, i-acacia yesiliva (mimosa), i-hibiscus, i-gardenia, i-ficus uBenic, i-cicasa ne-azaleas ekhula ngezimo zemvelo.
Izitayela eziyisisekelo
Sichaza ngokuningiliziwe izitayela eziyinhloko ze-bonsai bese ucabangela izithombe zabo.
Kuqondile ngokuqondile
I-Tökkan (直 幹, i-CHOKKAN) - elibushelelezi elilodwa, elikhuphuka phansi. Usimisa isihlahla esizungu esakhula emhlabathini. Amagatsha asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, ingxenye yesithathu engaphansi kwe-trunk ayikho. Amagatsha angaphambili asuswe engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla.
Ukuqondisa okungahlelekile
Geza (模 様 木 MOYOGI) - ulingisa umuthi omdala ezintabeni, uguquke ngethonya lesikhathi nesimo sezulu. I-trunk igobile, eduze kwephezulu, ukugoba kuncishisiwe. Igatsha elingaphansi, elikhulu kakhulu liyingxenye eyodwa yesithathu ukuphakama, futhi phezulu ncamashi ezingeni lesisekelo. Lesi sitayela sisetshenziselwa i-beech, okuyinto, ngenxa yesithunzi, ikhula kancane. Iqala ukwelula ekukhanyeni bese kufometha ukugoba.
Umgqomo kabili
I-Sokan (双 幹 SOKAN). Kusukela emthonjeni owodwa ukhule izihlahla ezimbili. Lesi sitayela sibonisa abathandi bomshado abambalwa, umzali nengane.
Kunconywe
I-Syakan (斜 幹 SHANKAN) - eqondile, kodwa etholakala engxenyeni kuya kwesisekelo, njengokungathi kuncibilike emoyeni oqinile. Ibonisa ukuthanda nokuthanda ukuphila.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole indlela efanele ye-bonsai, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho ethile yokuvumelana. Isibonelo, ukulingana phakathi komqhele nokuqina kwe-trunk, ukukhetha indawo lapho lo muthi uzobekwa khona.
I-Cascade
I-Kangai (懸崖 KENGAI) - Njengomuthi ophezu komkhumbi, lesi sitshalo sibheka phansi. Iphezulu ingaphansi kakhulu kunebhodlela. Amagatsha adonsela ekukhanyeni.
Isiphephelo sesihafu
I-Han-kengai (半 懸崖 HAN-KENGAI). Okuphezulu kusezingeni le-tank lapho likhula khona. Kufana nomuthi okhula emaphethelweni e-waterfall, amadwala.
Izincwadi
Bunzings (文人 木 BUNJINGI) - enhle, encane kancane, ngamagatsha ambalwa kakhulu engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla.
Uyazi? Ekuthomeni, uBonsai wakhula amalunga wamaBuddhist nabapristi, begodu emakhulwini eminyaka ngemva kwalokho basakaza lobu buciko phakathi kwabantu.
Umsuka etsheni
Sekiyoju (石 上 樹 SEKIJOJU) - ubamba ngamatshe azungeze izimpande zawo, ubeke ngokuqinile izimpendulo zawo emhlabathini.
Ukukhula edwaleni
I-Ishitsuki (i-ISHITZUKI). Ikhula ngqo kusuka etsheni. Lo ngumfanekiso wesitshalo sokukhuthazela.
Imifudlana
I-Hokidati (箒 立 ち HOKIDACHI). Umqhele wesigodlo owodwa ngesimo sebhola. Amagatsha okulinganisa ubude.
Iqembu
I-Yose Ue (i-寄 せ 植 え YOSE-UE). Ikhombisa iqembu lezihlahla ezikhulayo endaweni efanayo - ihlathi, i-grove. Ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa inombolo engavamile yezitshalo. Kulesi sitayela, hlanganisa izinhlobo ezifanayo, kodwa ubudala obuhlukile.
Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ekuhlanganisweni kweqembu inamba yezihlahla ayiyinqaba. Futhi akukho neze ezine. Esimweni saseJapane, uphawu "4" Kubuye kube uphawu lokufa.
Feline
Ikadabuki (筏 吹 き IKADABUKI). Kubonisa umuthi owodwa owile emfudumeni, ophilisa amagatsha awo.
Ekhaya, ungaphinda ukhule izihlahla zezithelo ezidalwa njenge-lemon, i-mandarin, i-pepino, i-citron ne-calamondin.
Izici ze-bonsai ekhulayo
Ubuciko obudala beminyaka yokukhula amancane abukwazi ukuchazwa esihlokweni esisodwa. Sinikeza iseluleko esifushane kuphela sokukhula.
I-bonsai, izitshalo ezingekho izindlu ngokuvamile zikhethwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubeka izimbiza emoyeni omusha.
Izihlahla ngokwazo zikhethwa kuye ngesitayela esikhethiwe kanye nosayizi oyifunayo.
Inhlabathi ikhethiwe ifanelekile kwisitshalo esikhethiwe.
Ukwakheka kwenziwa ngokuqhaqha nokubopha.
Kulesi sihloko sazama ukukutshela ngokufushane ukuthi yiyiphi ibhonsai. Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwe-bonsai kunzima kakhulu futhi kudinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni. Lesi sihloko sibanzi kakhulu futhi sinentshisekelo.
