Emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi, isintu siye saba ukulima, silwa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinambuzane nezifo zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Lezo zindlela zomzabalazo ezasiza esikhathini esiningi zivame ukungalungi namuhla, bese kuthi izibulala-zinambuzane zingene emzabalazweni wokukhiqiza.
Kuyini ama-pesticides
Ama-pesticide ngokuyinhloko abangela ukuhlangana nama-poisons, okungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi: izinto ezinjalo nazo zithatha uhlobo lwama-sterilizers kanye nabalawuli bokukhula. Ama-pesticides amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukulwa nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinambuzane zezitshalo zensimu, izindawo eziluhlaza kanye nezitshalo ngokujwayelekile. Noma iyiphi indawo enjalo kufanele ivunyelwe ngaphambi kokukhishwa emphakathini. 
Uyazi? Disemba 3 - I-International Pesticide Day.
Izigaba eziyinhloko
Kunesigaba sezinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane, esekelwe ngenhloso ehlosiwe yamakhemikhali. Amakhemikhali eqenjini ngokusekelwe emzimbeni abathintekayo.
Ama-Avicides
Ama-pesticides eleli qembu asetshenziswa kwezolimo ukulawula izinyoni ezinambuzane. Ziningi kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ukwethusa izinyoni ezinqoleni nasemigwaqweni yezindiza. Amakhemikhali ajwayelekile kakhulu yi-avitrols kanye ne-alfachloraloza. 
Emanzini amancane, lezi zinto zinezimpawu ezesabekayo emhlambini ngenxa yokudumala nokukhala kwezinyoni eziye zasebenzisa ukuzibulala, futhi zinezimpendulo: izinyoni ezilele amahora angu-8-10 zisabisa abanye abaye bahamba. Ngeshwa, ngobuningi lezi zinto, ezenzelwe ukwethusa izinyoni, ziphenduke izindlela zokuqothula kwazo.
Acaricides
Lawa ngamakhemikhali abulala amathikithi. Ama-pesticides eleli qembu ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ama-acaricides acacile nama-insectoacaricides.
Ama-Algaecides
Izindlela zamakhemikhali zaleli qembu zihlose ukulwa nezimila zasemanzini, izilwanyana. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amachibi, imigodi, amachibi. Ngokwemvelaphi ingaba i-organic and synthetic. 
Uyazi? I-sulfate ye-Copper, esetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo njenge-antiseptic kanye nomanyolo, yi-algaecide ejwayelekile kakhulu.
Ama-bactericides
Izinto ezenzelwe ukubhubhisa noma ukuyeka ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziphilayo. Lezi zihlanganisa ama-antiseptics nama-antibiotics.
I-Virocides
Amakhemikhali abhubhisa amagciwane futhi avimbele izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ukubulala ukhula
Leli qembu lama-pesticides ngamakhemikhali anobuthi ukuze alawulwe ukhula nezitshalo ezingafuneki. 
Ihlukaniswe ngendlela yokuqhubeka nokukhetha.
Ama-Desiccants
Izinto ezomisa impande yesitshalo. Lezi zinambuzane zisiza "ukuhlanza" insimu ngaphambi kokuhluma kwezitshalo ezifana nerayisi, isithombo sebhitrudi kanye nekotini.
Abahlukumezi
Ukubhubhisa izimbali (ukuze kuvikelwe i-fruiting) kanye nama-ovarie ngokweqile ezitshalweni. Amakhemikhali aleli qembu asetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane kusuka ukhula.
Ama-Defoliants
Ukusheshisa ukuqothulwa kwezinxenye ezithintekayo zezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, izithombo zezihlahla zezithelo zilungiselelwe ubusika futhi imivini isetshenzwa ngaphambi kokuvuna.
I-Zoocides
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubulala izinambuzane ezihloselwe ukubhujiswa kwezilwane ezifudumele: izintambo nezinyoni (rodenticides kanye nokuzibulala).
Ama-insecticide
Lawa amakhemikhali anobuthi ukuze alwe nezinambuzane zezitshalo ezifana nezinambuzane. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezinjalo ezihlukile ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali.
Ukulawula izinambuzane, kusetshenziselwa izinambuzane ezinjalo: i-Calypso, i-Kinmiks, i-Alatar, endaweni, i-Fastak, i-Decis, i-Aktara, i-Vertimek, i-Mospilan, i-Tanrek.
Ichthyocide
Ukusetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa inhlanzi yokudoba. Njengomthetho, izinto ezifana nalezi zisetshenziswa lapho imizimba yamanzi, lapho ichthyocide ihlanzwa khona, kufanele ihlanzeke. 
Ama-Larvicides
Eqinisweni, ama-larvicides nawo ama-insecticide, abesebenzela kuphela izinambuzane ezikhulile, kodwa ngezibungu zawo.
Limatsida
Amakhemikhali asetshenziswa ukulwa nama-slugs kanye ne-crayfishokuyinto izinambuzane zezitshalo eziningi zensimu. Iningi lala mathuluzi lithinta isikhumba slugs. Kungcono ukwenza ukwelashwa ebumnyameni, njengoba ama-slugs ayimfuyo yasebusuku.
Nematocides
Lezi yizinto ezibhubhisa ama-nematodes akhebibi. Ngezinye izikhathi zihlanganisa izindlela zokubhubhisa izidakamizwa ze-nematode zezilwane. 
Ama-Ovicides
Amakhemikhali anobuthi ahloselwe ukubhubhisa amaqanda ezinambuzane ezitshalo, ezifaka izinambuzane, izibungu kanye ne-helminths.
Ama-fungicides
Ama-antitifungal for the treatment of seed plant, kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezifungayo zesitshalo esidala. Isibonelo se-fungicide yi-Bordeaux liquid eyaziwa yizo zonke izakhamuzi zasehlobo nabalimi.
I-Ordan, i-Oxyhom, i-Fundazol, i-Strobe, i-Switch, i-DNOK, i-Quadris, i- Acrobat MC, i-Previkur Energy, i-Antrakol isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo zezitshalo.
Abalawuli bokukhula
Ama-Organic compounds, ukuhlushwa okuncane okukwazi ukusheshisa noma ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo. Zingavuselela nokukhula kwezingxenye ezithile zezitshalo: isibonelo, ukuvimbela i-vegetative nokusheshisa i-fruiting. 
Abahehayo
Izimali ezenzelwe ukuheha izinambuzane emthonjeni wazo. Lona uhlobo lwesicupho. Isetshenziselwa ukuheha izinambuzane ekuqedeni kwabo okuqhubekayo.
Izimpendulo
Ngokungafani namaqembu amaningi wezinambuzane ezibulala izibulala-zinambuzane, izimpendulo azikho umphumela owonayo, kodwa umphumela wokuvimbela. Ukuphikisa izinambuzane kungenzeka emazingeni ahlukene: ukuhlola, ukubonwa, okucacile. Namuhla ngokuvamile kuvame ukusebenzisa izimpendulo.
I-Chemosterilizers
Izinto ezivimbela ikhono lezilokazane ukuba zikhiqize. Lokhu "umphumela wokungazalwa" kungabangelwa kokubili kwabesilisa nabesilisa.
Kubalulekile! Ama-strawberries afaneleke ukugcwalisa izibulala-zinambuzane. Kuze kube yamuva, indawo yokuqala yayihlala i-apula.
Ngezenzo
Indlela yokungena kwemithi yamakhemikhali, kanye nendlela ehlukile yokusebenza emzimbeni wezinambuzane, isenze sikwazi ukuhlukanisa amaqembu e-agent alandelayo.
Othintana naye
Izindlela ezinjalo zisebenza ngokuqondile nabo.
Amathumbu
Lezi zinto ziqala ukungcolisa ukudla kwenkathazo, okuholela ekufeni kwayo.
I-Systemic
Zithinta isistimu ye-vascular futhi, zisakazeka kuyo, zibhubhise umzimba.
I-Fumigant
Izinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane zithi fumigant zenzeka ngephutha lokuphefumula.
Ngobuhlungu
Ukuqothula kwezinambuzane ezithile zomzimba owodwa kudinga ukuhlushwa okuncane, nezinye izilogram. Izibulala-zinambuzane eziyingozi kunawo wonke zisesimo se-vapor, ama-aerosol kanye nama-mists. I-degree of toxicity ye-ejenti ingabhekwa kwi-pesticide eqenjini elibulala noma elilahlayo. 
Ukuze unqume lokhu kulesisindo, umthamo wesifo esibulalayo usetshenziswa, okubangele ukufa kwezilwane ezingu-50% ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Okusemandleni
I-dose ebulalayo yalesi sifo sokubulala izinambuzane ifika ku-50 mg / kg ("Aldrin").
Iphephile kakhulu
Ukusuka ku-50 kuya ku-200 mg / kg yezinto ezinjalo kunele ukudala umphumela obulalayo ("Dieldrin", "Endrin", "Heptachlor").
Okuphakathi kwe-toxic
Ubuhlungu bama-agents kusuka ku 200 kuya ku-1000 mg / kg buvumela ukubabize ngokulinganayo (i-Mirex, i-Chlordan, i-DDT).
Ubuthi obuphansi
I-Lethal dose yamakhemikhali aphansi kakhulu - ngaphezu kuka 1000 mg / kg ("hexachlorobenzene").
Kubalulekile! Abantu abasebenza nezibulala-zinambuzane kumele babe nokuvikeleka kokuphefumula nokuphefumula, emva kwalokho kumele bathathe isha.
Ukufingqa, kufanele kuthiwa umphumela wezibulala-zinambuzane kubantu awukona umbuzo ogcwele ngokugcwele. Iningi lososayensi lithi leli khemikhali alilimazi nje kuphela izinambuzane zezitshalo nezitshalo, kodwa nabantu. Phela, lapho sidle umkhiqizo wezitshalo ezivela emcimbini ophethwe i-pesticides, nathi futhi sidla izinhlayiya. Ukuze uzigweme, kunezincomo ezijwayelekile zokuphathwa kwamakhemikhali: ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, uchithe imifino nezithelo ngesisombululo se-soda, i-citric acid namanzi noma ungene emanzini ase-acetic.
