Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo, ubuhle obuthinta ngisho nomuntu ongenakho konke. Lezi zingacatshangwa isihlahla se-catalpa - ukubukeka okungavamile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ukuheha amehlo phakathi nezimbali, kumangalisa ngobuhle obukhulu, amaqabunga ezinhlobo zezinhliziyo nezinhlobo ezithakazelisayo. Uma ufuna ukumangala abajwayelene nabo nabadlulayo, zizwe ukhululekile ukutshala eyodwa ekhishini lakho lasehlobo. Phela konke, kuzo zonke izintelezi, futhi kuwuhloniphekile. Ezidingo ze-plant catalpa yokukhula nokukhathalela, funda lesi sihloko.
Uyazi? I-Catalpa ngenxa yesimo sesithelo ngendlela yama-pods amade, okuthiwa ipayipi noma umuthi we-pasta. Futhi ezweni lakubo, eNyakatho Melika, abantu bendawo bambiza ngokuthi "ugwayi".
Okwaziyo okokuqala ne-catalpa
Ukuze uthole ukuthi yini lesi sitshalo, sichaza izici zayo eziphilayo. I-Catalpa (lat. Catalpa) - Lesi sihlahla esincane esivuthayo esikhula ngokulingana kuya ku-15 m ukuphakama kuze kufike ku-1 m ububanzi. Usayizi ophezulu we-trunk ufinyelela ku-45 m.
Umqhele we-catalpa uyindilinga, inkulu. Amaqabunga - amakhulu, aphethwe yinhliziyo noma ayenze. Finyelela ubude obungama-30 cm nobubanzi buka-17 cm. Khulisa i-petioles ende.
Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlobisa i-cottage yakho yasehlobo ngosizo lwezitshalo zokuhlobisa njenge-honeysuckle yokuhlobisa, i-campanula yensimu, ugwayi ovuthayo, i-foxtail mirikaria, i-alissum, i-echinacea, utshani obuningi lwe-cotone utshani, i-gladioli, i-coreopsis ne-gloxinia.Izimbali zeCatalpa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ezinkulu, ezifika ku-20 cm, izifo ezincane ezinama-panicles aqotho noma amabhulashi ombala omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Izimbali ezifakwe emngcwabeni, ezinama-50 ku-inflorescence, zifana nokubukeka kwama-orchid. Ukuqhakaza okuvuthayo kudlula cishe inyanga. Isikhathi sokuqala sifike ku-catalpa. I-Inflorescence inomumo nokubukeka kufana namakhandlela ama-chestnuts.
Isithelo somuthi sinokuma kwebhokisi ngesimo se-silinda, kuze kufike ku-40 cm ubude, kufana nokubukeka kwezithelo, njengalezibhontshisi. Ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu ye-oblate enani lika-53-146 izingcezu. Izithelo zingahlala esihlahleni ngesikhathi sonke sasebusika.
I-Catalpa iyathakazelisa ngoba ekwindla amaqabunga ayo aphuzi, awela eluhlaza emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-0 degrees. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sidonsela ukunakwa yiqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, zonke ezinye izihlahla ziye zaphela esikhathini esidlule.
Endle, i-catalpa ivela e-East Asia naseNyakatho Melika. Njengesihlahla somhlobiso esinamaqabunga amakhulu namapods amade akhule ezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseRussia, eJalimane, e-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe.
Isihlahla sinamandla kakhulu, futhi izinkuni zalo aziboli isikhathi eside, kuyilapho zihlala zilula futhi zilula. Lesi sitshalo singakhula ngempumelelo kokubili emazingeni okushisa aphansi, isibonelo, emazweni asenyakatho aseMelika, naseNdiya, e-Australia nase-Afrika. Kuyinto elula ngokulinganayo ukusinda ezimweni ze-steppes ezimile nasemagwini olwandle.
Lesi sitshalo senziwa ngendlela yezihlahla nezihlahla. I-Catalpa ingeyomndeni wakwaBignonievyh. I-genus Katalp inezinhlobo eziyi-10. Phakathi kwabo, ngaphandle kokuqeda, kunezikhathi ezivuthiwe. E-Russia, okuvame kakhulu kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu: i-bignonevidnaya, enhle (enhle), i-Bunge, i-ovoid, i-hybrid.
Uyazi? Izinkuni ezibalulekile ze-catalpa zisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi yezandla, ifenisha, abalala, izinsika, izakhiwo ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa.
Ukukhetha indawo okumele ikhule: ukukhanyisa kanye nezidingo zomhlabathi
Ngemuva kokujwayela okunjalo okuningiliziwe nomuthi we-pasta, ake sikhulume ukuthi singakukhulisa kanjani.
I-Catalpa isitshalo esithandayo, Ngakho-ke, lapho utshala kufanele ukhethe izindawo ezikhanyisiwe kahle. Ngakho-ke ukuthi umuthi awulahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa, kubalulekile ukunakekelwa ukuthi indawo lapho ukhula khona ivikelwe kusuka kumashikashikhi. Uma kungenjalo, imimoya ingalimaza amaqabunga futhi ibhubhise izimbali.
I-Catalpa ingadluliselwa emhlabathini - ikhula kahle kunoma yikuphi, kodwa isenokuthile okuthandayo - iyayithanda inhlabathi ecebile, elula, engeyona acidikhi, enomhlabathi omanzi futhi ogcwele kahle. Awubekezeli ukutholakala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Inqubo yokutshala izithombo ezincane
I-Catalpa ayidingi noma yiziphi izimo ezikhethekile zokufika. Kunconywa ukumba umgodi wokuhlalisa ngokujula kwe-1-1.2 m bese uphuza ngamanzi. Bese uhluma ngesimo sokhuni (5-7 kg) kanye ne-superphosphate. Ngaphansi komgodi kufakwa ingxube yomhlabathi yokwakhiwa okulandelayo:
- humus - izingxenye ezintathu;
- amaqabunga emhlabeni - izingxenye ezimbili;
- isanti - izingxenye ezimbili;
- i-peat ingenye ingxenye.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha isithombo ngaminyaka owodwa. Kumele kufakwe emgodini ukuze intamo yempande ifike ezingeni lomhlaba, bese uyifafaza ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi elungiselelwe. Umuthi otshalwe ngemuva kokutshala kakhulu, okuzodinga okungenani ibhakede lamanzi. Umbuthano we-Pristvolny ungaxhunyaniswa nge-peat.Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla eziningana, khona-ke phakathi kwezithombo kumele zigcinwe ngezikhathi ezi-3 m. Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-catalpa kusekuseni kwentwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Izithombo ze-pasta zithengwa kangcono ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezindaweni zokunconywa kahle.
Ukukhula nokuzikhethela kokunakekelwa
I-Catalpa ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezingenakuzithoba. Ukunakekelwa kwayo kujwayelekile, kubandakanya ukuchelela, ukufaka umanyolo ngezinto eziphilayo, ukusika, ukusika izihlahla, izinyathelo zokuzivikela ngokumelene nezifo nezinambuzane.
Ukunisela nokudla
Phakathi nenkathi eshisayo, i-catalpa inconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ngamasonto onke, besebenzisa amabhakede amabili amanzi emithini ngayinye. Esikhathini sonke isikhathi uzoba namanzi amabili noma amathathu ngenyanga.
Kudingeka ukondle umuthi uma utshala. Eminyakeni eyalandela, izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngesikhathi sokukhula, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-slurry (ihlanjululwa emanzini ngesilinganiso se-1:10) - lokhu kubhekwa njengomanyolo ongcono kakhulu wepasta. Ungakwazi futhi ukufaka u-Catalpa "Kemira Universal" (120 g / 1 m²). Ngaphambi kokwenza ukugqoka kudinga ukuchelela okuningi.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
Ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye, kunconywa ukuba ukhulule inhlabathi engqungqutheleni eyalandela, ukuhlanganisela ne-weeding kusuka kokhula. Ukukhululeka komhlaba kufanele kube okujulile - 30-35 cm.
Ukudubula
Ukusika ama-catalpa kwenziwa ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka. Njalo entwasahlobo kufanele asuse amagatsha awonakele, abulawe futhi adala. Futhi, ukugqoka kwekhanda kusetshenziswe esihlahleni ukunikeza umqhele ukubukeka okuhle nokuhle.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
I-Catalpa ayifani ukumelana nokushisa okuhle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwezihlahla ezincane. Ngakho-ke, kufanele zihlanganiswe isikhathi sasebusika. Ungasebenzisa ukufaka iziqu ze-trunks burlap noma i-lapnik. Esikhathini sendilinga esiseduzane, ukuze ugweme ukugcoba izimpande, kuthululwa uhlaka olunzulu lwamaqabunga omile. Emva kokuphela kwesithwathwa, entwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela isusiwe.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba ikhula, umuthi uzoba nzima, futhi ukuqina kwawo kweqhwa kuzokwanda njalo ngonyaka. Izinhlobo zasebusika-eziqinile kakhulu ziyi-catalpa ovoid. Ubekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuya ku -29.° C.Kwenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sishaya, kepha sibuyele entwasahlobo. Futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne-Aurea, zingafisa phansi, bese zikhula kabusha ngokugcwele.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-catalpa: kanjani ukusindisa umuthi
I-Catalpa ayithinti neze izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokuvamile kaningi ukuhlasela I-fly fly Ukuze ulwisane nalo, faka ama-insecticide asetshenzisiwe. Uma le nambuzane ingabhubhiswanga, khona-ke ukuhlobonga kwesitshalo kungathinteka kakhulu.
Kanti futhi isihlahla sithinteka ngezinye izikhathi i-fungus Verticillus. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuba ulandele imithetho eyisisekelo ye-agrotechnology - njalo usebenzise amanzi bese ukhulula inhlabathi emithini yomuthi. Uma uqala lesi sifo, kungabangela ukuba isihlahla some futhi sife.
Inhlanganisela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-catalpa emaqenjini wezwe
Muva nje, nje eyishumi leminyaka edlule, i-catalps yakhula kuphela emasimini ase-botanical. Namuhla, lesi sihlahla sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqalisweni kwabo ngabakhiqizi bezwe, abalimi nabasemadolobheni, abazitshala ngokuqinile izihlahla kanye ne-megalopolises ngosizo lwabo, bathandana nalo, ngoba kubangela ukuthi izimo zasemadolobheni zibekezelele kahle.
Uma sikhuluma ngokutshala edolobheni, umqhele we-catalpa unikeza umthunzi omuhle kakhulu, ngakho kuhle ukutshala umuthi eduze kwezitolo ezindaweni zokuphumula. Kufanele futhi ukutshala emigwaqweni emikhulu, imigwaqo, eduze kwamanzi. 
Umuthi we-pasta ubheka okuhle kokubili ukutshala okuzimele kanye neqembu. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, kuvame ukutshala endaweni ye-magnolia, i-liquidambar yasempumalanga, ne-holly. Ama-oak, okumila isikhathi eside, izitshalo ezinamaqabunga angenza futhi inkampani enhle ye-catalpa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamamaki ahlukene we-catalpa endaweni eyodwa kubonakala kuhle.
Kunezinhlobo ezinjengeBignone Nana, ezibukeka kahle kakhulu kulolu hlobo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezincane zithandwa kakhulu izakhamuzi zasehlobo, ngoba ayidingi indawo enkulu yokutshala.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza i-catalpa
I-Catalpa kulula ukukhula ngokwakho, njengoba inezindlela eziningi zokukhiqiza: imbewu, cuttings, izimpande amaswidi kanye ne-inoculation. Izindlela ezimbili zokuqala zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Cuttings
Ukusika kufanele kwenziwe engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. I-cuttings inqunywe ngamagatsha aqinile enempilo 10 cm ubude. Kuyadingeka ukuthi babe nezinqubo ze-lateral. Ukuze kutholakale ukhula lwenhlabathi, bafaka ingxube ye-peat-sand. Ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zivele, kufanele ziphuze njalo. Lapho kutholakala uhlelo lwempande oluqinile futhi luhluma, ama-cuttings angafakwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukuze i-catalpa yesihlahla isebenze enye indlela yokukhiqiza - ukusika. Yithwale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Cuttings zinqunywe ngezinqubo ze-lateral kanye ne-apical bud. Bese baphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula futhi babekwe ku-greenhouse. Ukunakekela ama-cuttings kuzoba ukuchelela, ukushayela nokuqina. Izitshalo eziqotshwe kahle zifakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo elandelayo.
I-Honeysuckle capricoleum, i-plumeria, i-zamiokulkas, umjunipha wama-Chinese, i-diploadiya, i-bilberry, i-plum, i-korium, i-philodendron, ne-mountain ash (i-aronia) nayo isakazwa yi-cuttings.
Imbewu
Inzalo yaseCatalpa ikhule kalula. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Imbewu engaphambi kwayo ifakwe emanzini afudumele futhi igcinwe lapho amahora angu-7-12, bese ifakwa ngokungenalutho esitsheni nomhlabathi, ebeka endaweni enelanga elingafani. Kusukela phezulu bahlanganiswe ngendwangu encane yomhlabathi. Izakhiwo ezigcwele ifilimu noma ingilazi. 
Izithombo kudingeka ziphuze njalo. Uma izinga lokushisa lisezingeni lika-15 ... +25 ° C, amahlumela azovela kulo lonke inyanga. Lapho nje bebonakala, ifilimu ivuliwe. Ezitshalweni ezivulekile ezitshalwe ngoMeyi.
Imbewu ingatshala ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka futhi zihlanganiswe ne-foil. Ukunakekela kuleli cala kuzoba ukuphuza nokuvama njalo.
Umuthi wePasta uthola ukuthandwa okwandayo ngenxa yobuhle bawo, ukungathobeki, ukulwa nezifo kanye nezifo. Ungamshiyi wedwa nababelethi, beletha izinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlamvu. Akukona nje isikhathi esidlule ukuhlukahluka kwasekuqaleni kwakunobumba obunamaqabunga aphuzi egolide. Indlela yokutshala i-catalpa, ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, usuvele usazi. Ukulondoloza akulona ubunzima obunzima, futhi injabulo yokuzijabulisa esingaba nayo isihlahla kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla ibalulekile yonke imizamo.
